Host plants, geographical distribution, natural enemies and biological studies of the citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) (original) (raw)
Related papers
Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 2014
This study was conducted to evaluate efficiency of biological and chemical control methods against citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri Risso (Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae), caused important economic losses in the east Mediterranean region of Turkey. It was investigated at 23 different citrus orchards in Finike county of Antalya in 2011. Chloropyrifos-ethyl, spirotetramat, summer oil and biological control agents (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Leptomastix dactylopii How. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) were applied under grower conditions against mealybug. Percent infestation rate of mealybug was determined on random samples of 5 fruits per tree, examining presence or absence of mealybug, i.e. totally 150 fruits per orchard. Biological control agents were sampled by a strike technique. The mealybug density differences among the applied methods were analyzed to compare the average mealybug infestation rate in insecticide and biological control applied orchards...
Citrus Mealybug is a polyphagous pest that on citrus attacks mainly navel varieties. Cosmetic damage on fruit due to large citrus mealybug colonies and honeydew and sooty mold Capnodium spp., chlorotic spots, and rind hypertrophy, are commonly observed on fruits at harvest. This causes economic loss for the citriculture export industry in Spain. Treatment thresholds have been determined based on these injuries observed at harvest, and depending on looses the grower is ready to take up office. For instance, if 8 to 12% of fruits with symptoms were accepted, then treatment threshold would be 15 to 20% of attacked fruits. No injuries were observed when population on fruit during the season was under 5% of attacked fruits, so this would be the lower treatment threshold. A positive relationship was found between all the male flights and the population of P. citri on the fruits, so traps with pheromone detected the abundance of population, both for number of insects per fruit and percenta...
The Citrus mealybug Planococcus citri has a wide geographical distribution and has been described as a pest of economic importance in several crops. The present work determined the developmental and biological aspects of the Citrus mealybug in order to obtain information that may support the integrated pest management (IPM) of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Syrah in the Lower Basin of the São Francisco Valley region. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology of Embrapa Semiarid, Petrolina-PE, on leaves of grapevine kept in a controlled environment (25 ± 1°C, 60 ± 10% R. H. and a photoperiod of 12L:12D). The first two instars had higher mortality, indicating high susceptibility in these nymphal periods. The overall nymphal period of females and males is similar at 22.52 ± 0.46 and 23.5 ± 0.29 days, respectively, with viability of 39%. The adult longevity of females is nearly 30 times greater than that of males, indicating that females of P. citri are mainly responsible for damage and injury to grapevine. The sex ratio was 0.64, indicating that females make up the majority of the adult population of P. citri. We conclude that the species in question completes its lifecycle on leaves of grapevine and reaches the adult phase in a short time interval.
2018
Citrus Mealybug Planococcus citri is an economically important pest species causing harm on citrus and some other plants. Biological control of the pest is gaining importance because of the problems caused by chemical control. In this study, effects of Beauveria bassiana, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus and Paecilomyces lilacinus against second instar larvae of mealybug were investigated. Healthy potato tubers were dipped into spore suspensions of the entomopathogens with 108 conidia/ml concentration and then infested with mealybugs. Potatoes were then kept in a climatic room with 25±1°C temperature and 60±5% humidity. Alive and dead mealybug individuals were determined 3, 5 and 7 days after applications and mortality rates were calculated. As a result, three entomopathogens caused different rates of mortality on the pest. B. bassiana isolate showed the highest effect and killed all pest individuals 5 days after the application. Mortality rates caused by P. fumosoroseus and P. lilacinus w...
Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research
The green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea Steph (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) was successively released (with three levels), 5, 10 and 15 larvae/tree at late April, late May and late June 2006 and repeated in the same times during 2007 at Gharbia Governorate. During the first season (2006), the reduction percentages in the population of the citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso) increased gradually with elapse of time. The achieved average reductions in mealybug population were 66.08, 82.75 and 98.66% at the end of July for the three releasing levels, respectively in the first year (2006). However, the same trend was achieved in the second season (2007) and reduction percentages were 56.14, 80.86 and 93.92%, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed differences in responses to the three successive releasing levels of C. carnea for management P. citri during 2006 an 2007 seasons that proved no significant among the two seasons. The present work has shown that C. carnea can use successfully as a biocontrol agent in an integrated program for controlling P. citri attacking citrus trees.
Citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae), is a serious pest of citrus plants in Pakistan which cause considerable loss to citrus crop both in terms of quantity and quality. The present study was conducted to evaluate the toxic effect of different insecticides at different concentrations against P. citri. Leaf-dip bioassays were performed to assess the toxicity of a pyrethroid (Cypermethrin), an organophosphate plus pyrethroid (Polytrin-C), a neonicotinoid (Imidacloprid) and a synthetic IGR (Buprofezin), using 3rd instar female individuals of P. citri. Data regarding mortality of insects was recorded at 6, 12, 24 and 36 hrs post-treatment (HAT). Maximum mortality was observed in case of Polytrin-C (74.84%) followed by Buprofezin (65.15%) at 36 HAT, while Imidacloprid and cypermethrin were least effective. In case of different concentrations of each chemical, mean maximum mortality was observed at 4 ppm (67.61%) after 36 HAT. Study results suggest that Po...
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi tarım ve doğa dergisi, 2023
The citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso, 1813) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is one of the major pests of Citrus orchards in Turkey. Management of P. citri is quite challenging due to its cryptic and polyphagous feeding behavior. In the current study, the control potential of native entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) species (Heterorhabditis indica 216-H, H. bacteriophora FLH-4H, Steinernema carpocapsae E-76, S. feltiae KCS-4S, and S. bicornotum MGZ-4S) against P. citri was evaluated under laboratory conditions at different concentrations [80, 100, 150, 200 (Infective juveniles) IJs Adult-1 ] and temperatures (20, 25, 30 ºC). The mortality rates ranged between 16 and 58% at the highest concentration 48 hours after treatment. The highest efficacy (68%) was obtained by Heterorhabditis indica 216-H at the highest concentration at 25 ºC. The mortality rates were generally higher at 25 ºC than other temperatures tested and H. indica 216-H performed better than other EPN species tested at this temperature at all concentrations. The results indicate that H. indica 216-H have a great potential in the control of P. citri.