Lipid indexes and parameters of lipid peroxidation during physiological pregnancy (original) (raw)
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2011
Altered metabolic and hormonal status of the body in pregnancy leads to changes in lipid profile and oxidative stress. The present study was conducted to assess serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglycerides (TG) in healthy pregnant females and correlate these values with markers of oxidative stress; serum malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker for lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant enzyme in the same subjects during the three trimesters of pregnancy. In this case control study, 54 pregnant females were assessed and compared with 60 healthy nonpregnant females who served as controls. Five pregnant females developed pregnancy related complications in the 2 nd trimester & were dropped out and three more were not available for follow-up in the 3 rd trimester. The outcome of the study revealed increased serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low den...
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Metabolic changes in pregnant women begin in the first weeks after conception under the influence of placental hormones that affect the metabolism of all nutrients. An increased concentration of total lipids accompanies pregnancy and an increased accumulation of triglycerides in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) particles. Lipids in small dense LDL particles are more susceptible to oxidative modification than normal-density LDL particles. Unlike LDL high-density lipoproteins (HDL), lipoprotein particles have an atheroprotective role in lipid metabolism. The very growth of the fetus depends on the nutrition of both parents, so obesity is not only in the mother but also in the father. Nutritional programming of the offspring occurs through changes in lipid metabolism and leads to an increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases. Pregnancy is accompanied by an increased need for oxygen in the mitochondria of the placenta and a tendency to develop oxidative stress. Oxidative stress represent...
Clinical Biochemistry, 2020
The goal of this study was to investigate metabolic changes in lipids and oxidative stress parameters in the first trimester of pregnancy with the more specific aim of estimating the significance and strength of researched parameters in the prediction of preeclampsia. Design and Methods. The study included 87 high-risk pregnant (HRG) female subjects, 14 with developed preeclampsia (PEC) and 43 healthy pregnant female subjects matched for gestational age (CG). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) concentration, lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), pro-oxidant antioxidant balance (PAB) and total oxidative status (TOS) were measured as oxidative stress markers, while total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was measured as an antioxidative defense parameter. The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) was calculated as the base 10 logarithm of the ratio of the plasma concentration of triglycerides (TG) to the plasma concentration of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), with each concentration expressed in mmol/L. Results: The results have shown that lipid indices, especially AIP, were significantly higher in the first trimester of HRG (p < 0.001) and PEC (p < 0.001). Oxidative stress parameters were significantlly higher, while TAC was significantly lower in HRG vs. CG [0.7 ± 0.15 vs 1.1 ± 0.16; (p < 0.001)] and in PEC [0.6 ± 0.12 vs 1.1 ± 0.16; (p < 0.001)] vs. CG. Also, in the HRG, results have shown an independent association of AIP with the preeclampsia development (p < 0.05), while placental growth factor did not show the expected level of significance (p = 0.648). Analysis of the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves indicated that certain parameters included in the research model have very good diagnostic accuracy for preeclampsia (AUC = 0.856). Conclusions: AIP is associated with high-risk pregnancies. Furthermore, our results firmly underscored AIP as a potential marker for preeclampsia prediction.
Role of dyslipidaemia and lipid peroxidation in pregnancy induced hypertension
The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research, 2015
Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) contributes greatly to maternal morbidity and mortality. Altered lipid profile and increased lipid peroxidation activate endothelial dysfunction and atherothrombosis leading to PIH. Therefore, estimation of lipid profile with serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in pregnancy may be helpful in predicting the development of PIH and further progression. Material and methods: In this prospective case-control study, serum lipid profile and MDA were estimated in 70 PIH subjects with gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia; and 70 normotensive pregnant women aged 18 40 years, with gestational age of over 20 weeks. Results: A statistically significant higher serum total cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C and MDA, and a significantly lower HDL-C was noted in PIH subjects as compared to control subjects. When compared with the s...
Pregnancy induced hypertension: lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background: Pregnancy is a stressful condition accompanied by a high energy demand and increased oxygen requirement. Oxidative stress has been recognized as a significant factor linked to hypertension. Elucidation of anti-oxidant cascade in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). can give insights about the oxidative stress and lead to better management of the condition. It was a prospective case control study to elucidate the parameters of oxidative stress in patients with PIH.Methods: Levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were eludidated using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in hypertensive mothers and their age matched pregnant and non-pregnant controls to determine the lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress.Results: A total of four hundred and twenty study subjects were enrolled in the study. Malondialdehyde levels from mothers with hypertension were significantly higher than their age matched pregnant controls. The...
Metabolism, 2007
Dyslipidemia is associated with increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) susceptibility to oxidation, a phenomenon associated with endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, cell toxicity, and intrauterine growth retardation. The present study was designed to determine if women developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have both increased plasma lipids and LDL susceptibility to oxidation throughout pregnancy. We also wanted to study the effects of obesity upon these parameters. A nested case-control study was carried out in 45 women with uncomplicated pregnancies and 62 women diagnosed with GDM following the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. In all women, blood was drawn at 15, 24, and 32 weeks of gestation. Low-density lipoprotein oxidation was initiated by the addition of CuCl 2 , and formation of conjugated dienes was monitored. Glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, vitamin E, estradiol, and progesterone were determined. In GDM, elevated levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides were observed when compared with the control group even in the first trimester, before the detection of diabetes. In the control group, the lag phase in the LDL oxidation was 85.3, 84.4, and 95.6 minutes at 15, 24, and 32 weeks of pregnancy, compared with 63.3, 63.4, and 74.5 minutes in the GDM group (P b .001 in the 3 periods). These differences remained when adjusted for the body mass index. In a multiple linear regression analysis, a negative correlation was observed between the lag phase and the body mass index (P b .001) and cholesterol (P b .001), whereas a positive one appeared with vitamin E (P b .05) and time of gestation (P b .001). In pregnancy, GDM increases LDL susceptibility to oxidation. Obesity and hypercholesterolemia further exacerbate this effect.
Potential atherogenic roles of lipids, lipoprotein(a) and lipid peroxidation in preeclampsia
Gynecological Endocrinology, 2005
Aims. To evaluate changes in lipid profile, serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) and placental MDA in preeclamptic women, and to evaluate the atherogenic role of these changes in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Method. A cross-sectional study was performed in 20 normal pregnant women, 25 women with mild preeclampsia and 28 women with severe preeclampsia in the third trimester. MDA, which is the endproduct of lipid peroxidation, was measured in placental tissue by the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method of Ohkawa and colleagues and in serum by the TBA method of Asakawa and Matsushita. Serum lipid levels were measured by with an autoanalyzer, serum apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I and Apo B were measured by nephelometric assay and serum Lp(a) level using a nephelometric agglutination assay method. In preeclamptic and normal pregnant women, multiple comparisons between groups were performed by one-way analysis of variance supplemented with Tukey's HSD post hoc test. The association between placental and serum concentrations among groups was analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. Results. Serum levels of MDA, Lp(a), total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and placental MDA were significantly higher, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and Apo A-I levels were significantly lower, in severely preeclamptic and mildly preeclamptic women than in the normal pregnant women, but no difference was observed in Apo B among groups. Serum level of Lp(a) was positively correlated with body mass index in severely preeclamptic women (r = 0.489, p = 0.008). A significant positive correlation was also found between serum level of MDA and systolic blood pressure in women with severe preeclampsia (r = 0.375, p = 0.049). Conclusions. Our findings suggest that high Lp(a), lipid peroxidation, LDL-C and TG, and low HDL-C and Apo A-I levels, are important risk factors for atherosclerosis among preeclamptic women.
LIPID PEROXIDATION AND LIPOPROTEIN CONCENTRATIONS IN CORD BLOOD OF PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION
ABSTRAC¬T Hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy are common and form one of the deadly triad, along with hemorrhage and infection that contribute greatly to maternal morbidity and mortality. The present study was undertaken to determine the changes in lipid peroxidation and lipoprotein concentrations in cord blood of pregnancy induced Hypertensive patients. The MDA levels in cord blood of Pregnancy induced Hypertension patients. MDA levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.001). Supporting a concept of elevated oxidative stress in fetal circulation in pregnancy induced hypertension. Hydrolysis of Tgs compared with normal gestation, resulting in impaired Generation of LDL particles from Tg rich lipoproteins. Plasma Uric acid in Pregnancy induced Hypertension cases were raised significantly in comparison with controls (p < 0.001). KEYWORDS: lipid peroxidation,pregnancy induced hypertension, lipoprotiens.
Preeclampsia is a metabolic syndrome and a major cause of maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality that amounts to 10% of the pregnancy complications. To determine Malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl and total antioxidant status in preeclampsia and normal pregnant women during pre and post labour within 48 hours. A prospective case control study (n= 60), preeclampsia (n=30) and normal pregnant women (n=30) during pre and post labour within 48 hours. 3 ml of blood samples were collected during pre and post labour of normal pregnant and preeclampsia. MDA, Protein Carbonyl Content and Total Antioxidant Status were measured using spectrophotometric method. Mean ± SD were determined by using student "t" test. The Mean ± SD values of MDA µmol/L (4.7 ±1.8), Protein Carbonyls (168.9±70.5) nmol/, Total Antioxidant Status mmol/L (537 ± 451) in normal pregnant during pre-delivery and MDA µmol/L(2.4 ±0.1), Protein Carbonyls (169±67.2)nmol/L , Total Antioxidant Status mmol/L ...
Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity in patients in labor with nonreassuring fetal status
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 2006
Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant enzyme activity in placental tissue and umbilical cord blood, as a marker for fetal hypoxia in patients in labor with nonreassuring fetal status. Study design: Umbilical cord arterial blood and placental tissue samples were collected from 24 patients with term pregnancies in labor and nonreassuring fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns (study) and 24 women with normal pregnancies in labor and normal FHR tracings (controls) for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker for lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) for the antioxidant activity. Measured values were compared statistically between two groups using independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: The median 1 min Apgar score was 8 (range 4-9) in the study group and 9 (range 8-10) in the control group, respectively ( p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between study and control groups in terms of mean 5 min Apgar scores ( p > 0.05). Placental MDA levels in patients with nonreassuring fetal status were found to be significantly elevated compared to the control group (12.14 nmol/g tissue versus 9.75 nmol/g tissue; p < 0.01). The placental SOD activity in the study group was significantly higher ( p < 0.01) compared to controls (3.57 U/mg protein versus 2.63 U/mg protein). The umbilical cord blood MDA levels in the study group were higher than in normal pregnancies (4.99 nmol/mL, 3.88 nmol/mL; p < 0.05). The activity of SOD in umbilical cord blood was significantly higher ( p < 0.001) in patients with nonreassuring fetal status when compared with the control group (11.62 versus 6.95 U/mL). Conclusion: Lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant functions were elevated in the umbilical cord blood and placenta of patients having nonreassuring FHR tracings during labor. These findings indicate that lipid peroxidation products in placenta and umbilical cord blood can be used as a possible marker for fetal hypoxia during labor and SOD levels may discriminate acute from chronic hypoxia. Further investigations are needed with large number of series to clarify the variations of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity due to acute or chronic fetal hypoxia. #