Growth and Yield Performance of Oyster Mushroom Cultivated in Combined Cassava Peels, Coconut Residue and Coffee Waste Substrates (original) (raw)
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Performance of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in different local agricultural waste materials
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2012
The present study was conducted to evaluate different substrates for establishment of yield performance of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). The substrates were prepared from single or mixture of different agricultural waste materials supplemented with lime and water as additive to each substrate. A total of eight substrates labeled 1 to 8 were prepared. Substrate 4, which is a mixture of palm kernel cake and maize cob, had the highest mycelia growth rate (80%), sprouted 15 days after inoculation and yielded the highest total fresh weight for a period of 10 harvests (2957.5 g). Substrate 3, a mixture of palm kernel cake and sawdust, had 78% mycelia growth rate, sprouted 16 days after inoculation and yielded 2535.7 g fresh mushroom. Substrate 2 is a mixture of maize straw and sawdust and had 75% mycelia growth rate, sprouted 17 days after inoculation and a total of 2207.4 g fresh weight. The mushroom grown in substrates 4, 3 and 2 produced bigger and firmer fruiting bodies, which differed significantly (P < 0.05) from the other substrates. Substrates 1 and 5 which had 50% mycelia growth rate, sprouted 31 and 33 days after inoculation and 1408.8 and 1092.6 g, respectively, were recorded after a period of 10 harvests. Substrate 4, 3 or 2 is therefore recommended for cultivation of oyster mushroom.
King oyster mushroom production using various sources of agricultural wastes in Iran
Background King oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) contains many medicinal and nutritional values, excellent flavors, and a long shelf life. Cultivation of edible mushroom on agricultural and lignocellulosic waste like wheat straw and wood chips gives a high yield and nutritional contains. In present study, the effects of lignocellulosic organic wastes, such as wood chips, wheat and barley straw, sugar beet pulp, sawdust and maize stem residue as basal substrate and wheat and rice bran, soybean powder and their combinations were used as supplements. We analyzed mushroom production gap, mushroom fresh weight, moisture content, dry matter, and protein content of fruit body traits. A factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. Results Supplementation of wheat bran in wood chips increased the mushroom production gap and dry matter content. The highest mushroom fresh weight and moisture content were achieved on barley straw and sugar beet pulp substrate complemented with rice bran, respectively. In addition, protein content ranged from 4.64 % (barley straw ? wheat bran and wood chips ? soybean powder ? rice bran treatments) to 13.66 % (wheat straw ? wheat bran ? soybean powder treatment). Conclusions The quality of P. eryngii was significantly affected by substrate ingredients. The type of substrate as well as the type and quantity of supplement appeared to have a substantial effect on prolonging the delayed-release nutrients.
International Journal of Agronomy
Mushroom is a fungus growing on decomposing substrates. It is the substrate type that affects the yield and quality of oyster mushroom. It can be cultivated by landless people to alleviate poverty. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and yield performance of oyster mushroom in waste leaves and sawdust. Spawn were purchased from YB Plant Micropropagation Plc; Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia. Euclea racemosa waste leaves, Cordia africana waste leaves, and sawdust were prepared and inoculated with the spawn. Cotton husks were used as a control. 60 grams of spawn was used for 1000 g of each substrate and supplemented with 3% wheat bran and 1% gypsum. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. A one-way ANOVA model was used to indicate significant mean differences at 95% confidence interval between flushes. Treatment means were compared using Turkey’s t test. In the first flush, primordial initiation was fastest and took 6.33 days in Cordia africana waste leaves and provi...
Usm R D Journal, 2010
This study aimed to determine which of the three common agro-industrial wastes, namely, rice hulls, fresh coco coir, and banana leaves, is the best substrate for oyster mushroom culture. Data gathered were on the number of days for complete mycelial growth, appearance of pinheads and the maturation of fruiting bodies, the number of fruiting bodies, size of individual mushrooms, and total yield. Data analysis using ANOVA showed significant differences between substrates. Results revealed that rice hull substrate was the best for oyster mushroom cultivation since it manifested positive results for all parameters evaluated. As for the coir dust substrate, mushroom growth did not progress past the spawn running stage. Possible explanations to this are the high salinity and phenolic content, high nitrogen immobilization, and the high C:N ratio in coco coir. This cessation of growth in the coir could be explained by the phytotoxic effects of the phenolic compounds. It is suggested therefore that coco coir should be used with caution and that it should be pre-processed before use as substrate for mushroom production.
Nutritional profile and yield of oyster mushroom cultivated on selected agricultural wastes
African Crop Science Journal, 2016
Research on mushroom production and products is gaining more grounds globally and in particular Nigeria. This study was carried out to determine nutritional relationship between the substrate used for cultivation and the fruiting body on each of the substrates. Agro-wastes, namely: palm (Elaeis guineensis) fruit shaft, plantain (Musa paradisiaca) leaves, sawdust and kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) stem, were assessed for suitability as substrates for cultivation of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus floridanus Singer). The spawn of the mushroom was used to inoculate each of the substrates, using a complete randomised design, with five replicates for each substrate. Results showed that all the substrates supported mycelia growth and development of fruiting bodies of the fungus. There were significant differences (P<0.05) among substrates in terms of number of days to complete mycelia run, with the least recorded in palm fruit shaft (25.20), and the highest in kenaf (32.40). Total yield also differed significantly (P<0.05), with the highest in palm fruit shaft (51.4 g 100 g-1) and lowest in plantain leaves (6.0 g 100 g-1). There was also significant difference (P<0.05) in the nutritional content of fruiting bodies, the highest fat content being on plantain leaves (1.72 g 100 g-1) and the lowest on palm fruit shaft (0.55 g 100 g-1). The trend was similar for mushroom substrates, plantain leaves having (2.55 g 100 g-1) and palm fruit shaft, (0.41g 100 g-1). Starch content for fruiting bodies was highest on sawdust (5.31 g 100 g-1) and lowest on kenaf (2.66 g 100 g-1), while for mushroom substrates, kenaf was (0.33g 100 g-1) and palm fruit shaft was (4.45g 100 g-1). There was a positive correlation (r = 0.24) between the nutrient of fruiting bodies and that of the substrate on which it was cultivated.
Journal of Biological Sciences
Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) production is low despite its high demand in Swaziland. Most communal farmers dispose of their agricultural waste while it can be used usefully as substrates for the production of mushrooms. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of different agricultural wastes used as mushroom substrates on growth, development and yield of mushroom. The substrates investigated were banana leaves, sugarcane tops, maize stover and maize stover and cobs (1:1 dry mass/dry mass). The study was conducted at the University of Swaziland, Faculty of Agriculture-Luyengo Campus, at the Crop Production's mushroom laboratory. Sterilization of substrates was done at the Malkerns Research station. Pleurotus ostreatus was evaluated for growth and yield using four replicate bags of sugarcane tops, maize stover, maize stover and cobs and banana leaves as substrates. The moist substrates were sterilised, packed in heat-resistant plastic bags, seeded with 2-4% ...
Substrate type is one of the major factors affecting the yield and quality of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Six substrates: wheat straw, cotton waste, maize stover, Jatropha cake, corncobs and wood shavings were used in an experiment to evaluate their productivity and effects on mushroom quality of Pleurotus ostreatus at Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe. The principal objective of the study was to come up with the best substrate(s) with highest productivity and mushroom quality recommendable for use by oyster mushroom growers. The experiment was laid in a randomised complete block design (RCBD), with each treatment replicated 4 times. The bags containing the pasteurised substrates were spawned at a rate of 8% per 1000g of dry substrate. Harvesting was done by hand and the harvest from each bag was weighed separately on each day of harvesting. Only first 3 harvests (flushes) were considered, as they are the most productive ones. Substrate productivity was evaluated by determining mean number of mushrooms (MNM), mean mushroom weight (MMW) and biological efficiency (BE) while mushroom quality was evaluated on the basis of 4 mushroom cap size groups (>7cm, 5-7cm, 3-5cm and <3cm) and a deformed group. There were significant differences in MMW (p<0.001), MNM (p=0.022) and BE (p<0.001) among the substrates, with cotton waste generally having the highest productivity. In mushroom quality, significant differences (p=0.02, p=0.011 and p=0.013) among the treatments were found in the >7cm, 5-7cm and 3-5cm cap size groups respectively. There were, however, no significant differences (p=0.222 and p=0.107) in the <3cm size group and the deformed group respectively. Wheat straw and cotton waste were more productive and produced high quality mushrooms hence they can be opted for by farmers for oyster mushroom cultivation while Jatropha cake and wood shavings should not be used as they have low productivity and poor mushroom quality.
Growth and yield performance of oyster mushroom on different substrates
Cultivation of mushrooms on lignocellulosic wastes represents one of the most economic organic recycling processes. In this research, three Pleurotus species viz., P. nebrodensis, P. ostreatus and P. eryngii were cultivated on cotton waste, saw dust, paddy straw and mixture of these substrates (cotton waste + saw dust, cotton waste + paddy straw, saw dust + paddy straw + cotton waste). Mycelial growth (days), stalk length and diameter (mm), emergence of primordia (days), time period from primordial initiation to harvesting (days), number of fruiting bodies, average individual weight of fruiting bodies (g), number of flushes, total yield (kg), interval between flushes (days) and biological efficiency were recorded. Amongst the three fungi, P. ostreatus showed the best growth and productivity. Saw dust gave the best results in spawn running, time interval between primordial initiation to harvesting stage and in number of flushes. Combination of saw dust, paddy straw and cotton waste gave the best results in emergence of primordia, fruiting bodies weight, moisture percentage, biological efficiency and total yield.
Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is known to utilize a wide range of agricultural by-products and organic wastes from agro-processing industries. This study was carried out in order to evaluate the usability of maize stem along with different proportion of cotton seed waste for the growth, yield and yield related parameters of oyster mushroom. From all the different treatments tested, those composed the maize stem: cotton seed waste in the ratio of (60:40 and30:70) showed fastest mycelial run, 3.6 and 7.2 cm respectively, on 7 th and 14 th days of incubation. Maize stem: cotton seed waste (60:40 and 80:20) took shortest time from incubation to 1 st flush 30 days; while maize stem: cotton seed waste (90:10 and 80:20) showed shortest pinning to maturation throughout the flushes. Maize stem: cotton seed waste (30:70) observed to have higher number of aborts 105, higher number of fruiting bodies 125 and maize stem: cotton seed waste (30:70) showed larger pilus diameter 9.2cm, higher fresh weight of matures 795g and highest biological efficiency 159%. Although the total yields of the mushroom biomass, as well as the biological efficiency were greatly affected by the different substrate compositions, all combination of the substrate gave more than 100% biological efficiency which makes maize stem together with cotton seed waste a good option for mass production of oyster mushroom which can produce good quality mushroom fruit bodies. Introduction Mushroom is fruiting bodies of fungus growing on damp rotten log of wood, decaying organic matter and soil rich in organic substances. Edible mushrooms are highly nutritious and can be compared with eggs, milk and meat (Caglarimak, 2007; Stamets, 2005). Edible mushrooms on dry basis contain about 19-40% protein; that is its protein content is twice that of vegetable and four times that of oranges, and they are rich with vitamins, minerals, less percent of unsaturated fatty acid and carbohydrate which makes it so ideal for diabetic and the obesity patient (Ogundana and Fagede, 1982). Most mushrooms have exceptional medicinal potentials and properties; curative and prophylactic especially in diseases such as high blood pressure, asthma, respiratory tract infections, anemia, hepatitis, cancer, tumor, etc (Wasser, 2002, 2008). Mushrooms are also important for cholesterol reduction, immune enhancement, cancer, anti allergic activities, antimicrobial and cardiovascular treatment. They also have a long history of use as traditional medicine in China. Their legendary effects on promoting good health and increasing adaptive abilities have been also been demonstrated (Wasser, 2002). Mushroom cultivation also serves as the most efficient and economically-viable biotechnology for the conversion of ligno-cellulosic waste materials into high-quality protein food for revenue generation (Ortega et al, 1992;Berch et al., 2007).However, the cultivation of mushroom is still at its infancy in some parts of Africa, especially in Ethiopia. The major problem associated with the transfer of technology for mushroom cultivation is the lack of technical know-how for its cultivation (Dawit, 1998). In Ethiopia more than 80% of the population is engaged in agricultural activities and huge amount of residues are produced as by products during the harvest season. Maize production has been wide spread in low high land areas through cultivation of improved varieties. Four different by products are produced from maize production including: stems, leaves, maize stover and comb. Each one of the residues has been observed to be greater than the produces. The agricultural residues are generally burnt in the fields leading to emission of green house gases and the environmental degradation. The best way of minimizing these wastes is recycling through utilizing these products as substratum for growing mushroom. The mushrooms can use the plant derivatives as source of carbon and other nutrients and convert the waste biomass in to value added mushroom fruit bodies besides, contributing to the environmental sustainability. Mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus belonging the family Tricholomataceae are commonly known as oyster mushrooms which occupy the second position among cultivated edible mushrooms worldwide due to their nutritional and medicinal values (Khan et al., 2008). The present paper was designed following the above objective in order to understand the effect of different proportion of maize stem together with cotton seed waste on growth, yield and yield related parameters of the oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus.
Comparative study on effect of different substrates on yield performance of oyster mushroom
2019
The research was carried out at Mushroom house, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Paklihawa, Bhairahawa during January to March 2015. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of different substrates on the performance of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus sajor caju). Various substrates as treatment, selected for the cultivation of oyster mushroom were rice straw (T1), wheat straw (T2), banana leaves (T3) and sugarcane bagasse (T4) each of 4.5 kg and replicated for 4 times. The experimental design used was single factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The highest yield (1515 gm) with highest stipe length (4.86 cm) and cap diameter (5.14 cm) was obtained from the rice straw followed by other substrates. The colonization duration (19 days) was lower for wheat straw and banana leaves while fruiting duration (20.5 days) was lower in case of wheat straw. The analysis showed that mushroom production was best suitable in terms of economic return from the rice st...