Gene therapy in cancer (original) (raw)
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Gene Therapy for Cancer: Is there Light at the End of the Tunnel?
Journal of the Indian Institute of Science, 2012
Gene therapy is a novel modality of treatment which is being explored as a treatment option. Majority of the ongoing gene therapy clinical trials are for cancer, a disease difficult to treat with the existing therapies. Hence newer modalities of treatment are emerging. In cancer gene therapy, a gene or DNA is introduced into the tumour cell which would induce the tumour cell to die either directly or indirectly. Although this therapy is still in an experimental stage, it has shown some promise and there are at least two drugs for cancer which have been approved in China-the only country to have approved gene therapy based drugs. The different strategies of tumour cell kill as well as the various methods of gene delivery will be discussed in the following sections. For any new drug or treatment to be accepted in the clinics, it has to undergo rigorous clinical trials and approval by regulatory bodies. For gene therapy, it is a long and arduous path from research in laboratories to the clinics.
Application of Gene Therapy towards Treatment of Cancer: Potentials and Future Developments
Gene therapy is an exciting new field of personalized medicine, allowing for medical procedures that can target disease Cancer which is significant health burden, especially in developed countries, and the most lethal diseases that affect the major population in the world . Thus, a more selective method of targeting tumor cells is needed. In particular, gene therapy holds great potential to selectively target cancer cells, to destroy it .Technologies that involve gene transfer treatments allow for the insertion of foreign DNA into tumour cells, resulting in restored protein expression or altered function. Gene therapy can also be used as a form of immunotherapy, Cancer gene therapy using Mesenchymal stem cells, Nanotechnology for Cancer Treatment Additionally, oncolytic virotherapy uses classes of genetically modified viruses that can specifically target and interfere with tumour cells. The ongoing development of the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool may also have promise in future therapeutic applications, with the tool being capable of removing cancer-causing. There are still many questions of safety, efficacy, and commercial viability which remain to be resolved with many gene therapy procedures. There is also emerging controversy over the ethical, legal, and moral implications that modifying the genetic content of human beings will have on society.
Gene Therapy for Cancer Treatment
2019
Gene therapy is a new tool used in combating different diseases. The majority of gene therapy clinical trials are focused on cancer and so it was no coincidence that the first commercial treatment in 2003 was for neoplasia. Currently there are a wide variety of gene therapy proposals involving a large number of anti tumour molecular mechanisms that will conceivably pave the way for highly effective a treatment options. Despite the significant advances that how been made in gene therapy in the fight against cancer, its efficacy,safety and commercial availability are still limited. Ms. Chetana D. Patil | Ms. Siddhi Chavan | Mr. Ritesh Kadam "Gene Therapy for Cancer Treatment" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26537.pdf
Is cancer gene therapy an empty suit?
The Lancet Oncology, 2013
Gene therapy as a treatment for cancer is regarded as high in promise, but low in delivery, a deficiency that has become more obvious with ever-increasing reports of the successful correction of monogenic disorders by this approach. We review the commercial and scientific obstacles that have led to these delays and describe how they are progressively being overcome. Recent and striking successes and correspondingly increased commercial involvement suggest that gene transfer could finally become a powerful method for development of safe and effective cancer therapeutic drugs.
InTech eBooks, 2015
Cancer treatment has been the major goal of the gene therapy studies over the decades. Although there is no cancer gene therapy drug in the market yet, substantial progress has been made in defining potential targets and in developing viral and nonviral gene delivery systems recently. Numerous genes have been studied as the targets for cancer gene therapy so far. Various gene therapy strategies, including suicide gene therapy, oncolytic viral therapies, antiangiogenesis, and gene therapy vaccines have been developed. The combination of gene therapy with conventional methods, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, has further improved the therapeutic efficacy. Although the preclinical and experimental studies have yielded highly encouraging results, there are still few gene therapy agents at phase III trials. In the current chapter, we will review gene transfer systems, targets, gene targeting strategies, and cancer gene therapy in the clinic.
Challenges and Opportunities of Gene Therapy in Cancer
OBM genetics, 2024
Gene therapy involves either the direct introduction of genetic material (DNA or RNA) into the host cell (or organ), known as in vivo gene therapy, the re-introduction of the modified target cells taken out of the host, or ex vivo gene therapy. Cancer is mainly caused by the nonfunctioning of genes required for normal cell proliferation, and it has emerged as the leading cause of death globally due to the absence of efficient and safe therapies as well as early diagnostic modalities. Therapeutic trials using gene therapy have shown that they considerably increase the survival rate and life expectancy of patients with cancer. There are
Gene therapy for cancer (present status)
Neoplasma
The present status of cancer gene therapy is reviewed here in short Two of the main gene therapy strategies for the treatment of cancer are discussed. The first main strategy is direct gene therapy which involves insertion of a functioning tumor suppressor gene or suppression of expression of a known oncogene. The second main strategy is indirect gene therapy which involves the insertion of a gene that modifies the cell to be more immunogenic for the host. The main clinical gene therapy trials are reviewed in their present state, including the replacement of defective tumor suppressor genes, the inser tion of suicide or sensitivity genes, the insertion of prodrug-activating genes, and the use of virally directed enzyme prodrug therapies. Other topics discussed are the protection of stem cells from toxic effects of chemotherapy and new directions for gene therapy of neoplastic disease.
Gene therapy for cancer: regulatory considerations for approval
Cancer gene therapy, 2015
The rapidly changing field of gene therapy promises a number of innovative treatments for cancer patients. Advances in genetic modification of cancer and immune cells and the use of oncolytic viruses and bacteria have led to numerous clinical trials for cancer therapy, with several progressing to late-stage product development. At the time of this writing, no gene therapy product has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Some of the key scientific and regulatory issues include understanding of gene transfer vector biology, safety of vectors in vitro and in animal models, optimum gene transfer, long-term persistence or integration in the host, shedding of a virus and ability to maintain transgene expression in vivo for a desired period of time. Because of the biological complexity of these products, the FDA encourages a flexible, data-driven approach for preclinical safety testing programs. The clinical trial design should be based on the unique featu...