Assessment of Pigeonpea Restorers on Morphological Basis of Host Plant Resistance against Pod Borers (original) (raw)
Related papers
Insect pest succession and screening for spotted pod borer tolerance in short duration pigeonpea
Journal of food legume, 2020
Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L) is a major legume crop cultivated in India and insect pests inflict heavy yield loss. The insect pest succession and population dynamics varies according to agro-climatic zones. In Kanpur, six insect pests viz., leaf webber, blister beetle, spotted pod borer, pod bugs, gram pod borer and pod fly infested ICPL 67B during Kharif 2013. Spotted pod borer (SPB), Maruca vitrata Fabricius is a serious pest that causes severe flower and pod damage. Hence in the present study 30 different pigeonpea genotypes were screened under field conditions against SPB. The larval webbing per plant varied from 0.13 (JA 4) to 10.13 (MN 5), while the pod evaluation index ranged from 1.12 (ICPL 88039) to 66.08 (JA 4). Among the 3 morphological parameters studied, inflorescence stalk length was found to be negatively correlated with spotted pod borer infestation. The results of field infestation and morphological parameter correlation revealed JA 4 as a SPB resistant genotype. Further confirmatory tests like no choice assay coupled with biochemical and biophysical analysis may reveal the mechanism of resistance in this genotype
2016
Twenty-five long duration pigeonpea genotypes were screened for the reaction against pod bug and gram pod borer during Kharif season of 2014-15 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. The first incidence of pod bug, Clavigralla gibbosa (Spinola) was observed in 4th standard week and continued to 12th standard week in all genotypes The population of pod bug was found to be highest in genotype Bahar (check) and ICP 7035-1 in 11th standard week with population of 10.3 bugs/plant and 10.2 bugs/plant, respectively. The mean population of pod bug was recorded highest in genotypes Bahar (check) and ICP 7035-1 i.e. (6.8 bugs /plant) and lowest in genotype ICP 13212-1 (3.0 bugs/plant). The first incidence of pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) larvae was observed in 4th standard week in fifteen genotypes out of the total twenty-five genotypes. The mean population of pod borer was recorded highest in genotype ICP 13198-1 ...
Ten promising short duration genotypes of pigeonpea were screened under field conditions for two years (2013-15) to identify sources of resistance against pod borers. On the basis of per cent pod damage and Pest Susceptibility Rating (PSR) index, genotypes PUSA-2012-1, PA 409, PA 406, AL1747 were found to be least susceptible (PSR= 4 to 5) while two genotypes, AL 1790 and AL 1770 were ascertained highly susceptible against pod borers having damage rating of 8 over the susceptible check cultivar (Manak). Phenol and flavonoid content present in the pod wall of all the test genotypes/cultivars were also estimated. Highest phenol and flavonoid content was recorded from PUSA-2012-1 while the lowest content was obtained from the genotype AL 1790. Correlation studies made with these biochemical constituents revealed a significant and negative association of pod damage (%) with phenol (r =-0.896**) and flavonoid (r =-0.872**) content in pod walls. Thus the genotypes having higher content of phenols and flavonoids in their pod walls offered resistance against pod borer complex.
LEGUME RESEARCH - AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, 2019
The experiments were conducted at CCS HAU, Hisar (Haryana) to study the morpho physico-chemical components of resistance to pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera in pigeonpea with different sowing dates. In different four sowing dates, the minimum pod infestation (1.70%) was recorded in (D4) 3rd week of July sown crop, whereas, it was observed maximum (4.54%) in (D2) 1st week of July sown crop. In different pigeonpea varieties, the minimum mean pod infestation (2.45%) was recorded in AL-201, whereas, the maximum mean pod infestation (3.72%) was recorded in Pusa-992. The glandular (type A) and non-glandular (type B) trichomes on pods of top and middle canopy of the plant and pod wall thickness were associated with resistance to H. armigera, whereas, the non-glandular lengthy (type C) trichomes and pod length were associated with susceptibility to this insect. The expression of resistance to H. armigera was also associated with the high amount of fat, phenol and tannin content. Crude protei...
SCREENING OF PIGEONPEA GENOTYPES AGAINST POD BORER (HELICOVERPA ARMIGERA HUBNER
The present investigation entitled "Screening of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) genotypes against pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) was conducted at the research-cum Instruction farm of Raj Mohini Devi College of Agriculture (C.G.) during Kharif season 2021-22. Pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) was one of the major damaging pests of pigeonpea crop. Damaging stage of pod borer was caterpillar. Pod borer was recorded weekly interval that is 53 SMW (26 th December to 1 st January) and 1 SMW (2 nd January to 8 th January) then pod damage per cent reached minimum
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2018
Field investigations were conducted during kharif 2016-17 and 2017-18 at the experimental field of Research cum Instructional Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh to the screening of Screening of twenty five pigeonpea germplasm against the pod borer complex viz. M., vitrata, H. armigera, Exelastis atomosa and M. obtusa,under field conditions in which recorded lowest larval population in ICP 7398 with 3.73, 3.38, 4.05 and 2.57 larvae per plant, respectively, but it was highest in RP3 with 9.93, 6.69 and 6.84 larvae per plant of M. vitrata, H. armigera and M. obtusa respectively, whereas in case of E. atomosa it was highest in RP8 with 8.14 larvae per plant. However, overall in pod borer complex minimum pod damage and minimum grain damage of borer complex was found in ICP 7398 with 18.73 percent and 10.25 percent, respectively and also highest yield was obtained in ICP 7398 during both years with 12.23 and 13.65q/ ha. But the germplasm RP3 recorded highest ...
Biology
Pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) causes the highest yield losses in pigeonpea, followed by pod fly (Melanagromyza obtusa). High levels of resistance to pod borer are not available in the cultivated genepool. Several accessions of wild Cajanus species with strong resistance, and different resistance mechanisms (antixenosis and antibiosis) to pod borer have been identified. These accessions can be utilized to improve the pod borer resistance of cultivated pigeonpea. Using pod borer resistant Cajanus scarabaeoides and Cajanus acutifolius as pollen donors and popular pigeonpea varieties as recipients, pre-breeding populations were developed following simple- and complex-cross approaches. Preliminary evaluation of four backcross populations consisting of >2300 introgression lines (ILs) under un-sprayed field conditions resulted in identifying 156 ILs with low visual damage rating scores (5.0–6.0) and low pod borer damage (<50%). Precise re-screening of these ILs over different loca...
Indian journal of entomology, 2021
This study evaluates sources of resistance to the pod borer Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in 15 long duration pigeonpea genotypes with experiments done during 2017-19. Association of morphological and biochemical traits was also evaluated. The results revealed that the least pod damage was attributed to high phenol content in pods (-0.668**), seeds (-0.719**) and high trichomes density (-0.637*). The susceptibility of genotypes (IVT-1-903, IVT-12-904, IVT-703) was indicated by their high pest susceptibility rating (PSR), and due to greater pod length (0.563*) and width (0.603**). The activity of protein, reducing sugars, chlorophyll, carbohydrates, pod wall thickness and number of seeds/ pod was also studied. Genotypes IVT-705, IVT-706 and IVT-1-901 emerged out to be the least susceptible (PSR = 4). Role of these traits are discussed to identify basis of resistance.
Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 2017
Experiments on validation of integrated pest management (IPM) module against insect pest of pigeonpea in comparison with the Non-IPM (farmer's practices) were conducted at N.E.B. Crop Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar during Kharif 2014 and 2015. Adopted IPM module contained Seed treatment with Trichoderma spp. @10g/kg of seed, Sole crop, Bird perches @ 50/ha, need based insecticides spray (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5SC @ 30 g a. i./ha; Neem soap@10g/lit; Acetamiprid 20SP @ 20 g a. i./ha). The results indicated that minimum population of pod borers (Helicoverpa armigera, Maruca vitrata and podfly) and sucking insects (aphids, jassids, pod bug) was reported in IPM plots and maximum population of insects was observed in Non-IPM plots. Percent insect control over non-IPM was 50.98 % for H. armigera, 44.69 % for M. vitrata and 19.17 % for Maruca webbing were recorded. While, for sucking pest complex, insect control over non-IPM was 51.59 %, 40.36 % and 36.17 % against jassids, aphids and tur pod bug, respectively. Similarly, minimum pod borer damage (6.48 and 7.71 %) was recorded in IPM plots as compared to maximum pod borer damage (8.37 and 8.22 %) in non-IPM plots, respectively during 2014 and 2015. Whereas, pooled grain yield for IPM plots was 1286.5 kg/ha for both seasons as against 888 kg/ha in non-IPM plots with 1:2.89 benefit cost ratio. Hence, It is apparent that studied IPM module was able to increase the yield of pigeonepea with lower cost of production as against non-IPM thus it would be benefiting the farmers.
Legume Research An International Journal, 2019
The present study intends to screen 52 pigeonpea genotypes for bruchid infestation under controlled conditions using nochoice assay. The results revealed significant differences among the genotypes considering parameters like growth index (GI), egg numbers and adult emergence. The genotypes viz., ICP 89049, IPA 37 and Dholi dwarf DB had low average values for GI (0.45, 0.48 and 0.48 respectively), number of eggs after 20 days (14.5, 21.5 and 28), and adults emerged after 30 days of oviposition (9.0, 7.0 and 4.5, respectively) when compared to the genotypes Asha (higher GI: 1.10), and IPA 7-6 (having 98.0 eggs after 20 days of incubation). Concerning associations among different traits, the GI had significant positive correlations with number of eggs laid (0.484), and number of adults emerged at 15-30 days (0.638). The GI showed a negative relationship with proportion of seed coat (-0.162) and seed hardness (-0.197). The traits that are less preferred by the bruchids include hard seed with less seed diameter and high proportion of seed coat. The tolerant genotypes viz. ICP 89049, IPA 37 and Dholi dwarf DB identified here could be deployed in breeding programs for reducing post harvest losses in pigeonpea.