Development of Preventing Means for Rabbits’ Coccidiosis (original) (raw)

The Study of Effectiveness of Coccidiosis Prophylaxis in Young Rabbits

International Scientific Conference, 2019

Coccidiosis (eimeriosis) is an animal disease that is widespread in the world and causes significant economic damage to the agriculture. Due to the technological features of keeping rabbits in cages, they are massively susceptible to this disease. Studies show, that the infection of rabbits with coccidiosis in different areas varies from 30 to 100 %. The death of infested young rabbits reaches 80-100 %. Sick animals lag behind in growth and lose from 12 to 30 % of their weight. Adult animals are less sensitive to coccidiosis, but they are carriers and sources of the eimeric infection [2, p. 46-47; 4]. Thus, the protection from coccidiosis is an important area of veterinary medicine. In connection with the rapid adaptation of the simplest Eimeria to the drugs used, it is necessary to constantly search for new treatment regimens and to replace them reasonably [5, p. 159-162; 6]. The aim of this research is to determine the time of occurrence of resistance of the coccidiosis causative agents to the acidifier "Kronocide-L" as well as to develop recommendations on prevention the reduction of treatment effectiveness. Scientific novelty of the workthe relationship between the drugs used for the treatment of rearing females and underperformance of these drugs in the treatment of young animals was determined, as well as schemes and recommendations to prevent this phenomenon were developed.

Treatment of Rabbit Coccidiosis with Combination of Herbal Extract II toward Oocysts Excretion and Hematology Parameters

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science

This study aims to determine oocysts excretion and hematological profile in coccidiosis rabbits given a combination of herbal extract II. Hematological profiles observed were red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), granulocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC). This study used 40 rabbit coccidiosis material with ± 3 months age of ± 650 g weight, a combination of herbal extracts consisting of banana stem extract (BSE), papaya seeds (PSE) and garlic (GE), a set of tools and materials for rabbit maintenance and a set of hematological examination tools. The research method was carried out experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The analysis used variance analysis followed by Honest Real Difference (HRD). The combination of herbal extract II consists of BSE: 40 mg; PSE: 20 mg; GE: 40 mg. Rabbits were divi...

Field trial with the coccidiostatics metichlorpindol and robenidine in a rabbit farm

Annales de recherches vétérinaires. Annals of veterinary research, 1980

The effect of metichlorpindol and robenidine in broiler rabbits was examined. Administration of 125 ppm metichlorpindol did not reduce mortality and oocyst output significantly. In comparison with unmedicated rabbits, weight gain of metichlorpindol medicated rabbits was 4.76% lower after seven seeks of treatment, whereas feed conversion was improved by 1.87%. There was no effect on the production index. Medication with 33 and 66 ppm robenidine resulted in a significant reduction of mortality and oocyst output (0.05 > P > 0.01). The effect on oocyst reduction became already significant after two weeks of treatment. After four weeks both robenidine medicated groups gained significantly (0.05 > P > 0.01) more weight than metichlorpindol medicated and non medicated rabbits. After seven weeks of medication only the 66 ppm medicated group gained significantly (0.05 > P > 0.01) more weight than the 125 ppm metichlorpindol medicated group. In comparison with non medicated ...

Hematological Changes and Comparative Efficacy of Allopathic and Herbal Drugs on Coccidiosis in Rabbits

Objectives: Rabbit coccidiosis is caused by Eimeria sp. inhabiting the liver and intestine. The present study investigated the coccidiosis in rabbits in terms of age, humidity, sex variations and temperature and chemotherapy was used in the form of allopathic and herbal drugs. Methods: A total of 112 rabbits possibly infected during coccidiosis outbreak were obtained from different locations of Lahore, Pakistan. The faecal examination was performed using direct smear, floatation to observe the oocyst of Eimeria spp. Results: It was observed that females were slightly more susceptible (47.2 %) than males (44.7 %); also the incidence of coccidiosis was more prevalent in baby kits from 1-3 months (25.3 %) as compared to adults (15.2 %). Month-wise analysis depicted that, the infection was more prevalent in the month of March, and July (58.3 %, 60.7 %, and 73.9 % respectively due to high humidity. Coccidiosis also changes in blood parameters with increased level of WBCs (20.8 %), neutrophils (17.5 %), monocytes (29.1 %) and basophils (11.3 %) while decreases RBCs (44.9 %), lymphocytes (18.3 %) and haemoglobin level (35.4 %). Chemical drugs minimize OPG (Oocyst per Gram) dramatically such as Sulphadimidine sodium and toltrazuril efficiently decreases the OPG to 48 % and 74.4 %, respectively. Herbal drugs in the form of Nigella sativa L. seeds (kalonji) minimized the OPG gradually 57 % and 53.4 % oocysts respectively in 14 days. Garlic extract reduces 57.8 % oocytes in faeces. Conclusions: The chemotherapy suggested that toltrazuril is more efficient for quick action compared to Sulphadimidine Sodium. In addition, we found that garlic and black seeds were more effective in reducing the OPG level.

Activity of diclazuril against coccidiosis in growing rabbits: experimental and field experiences

World Rabbit Science, 2012

The efficacy of diclazuril in growing rabbits was investigated under experimental and field conditions. In a first experimental trial, the susceptibility of recent isolated French Eimeria field strains to in-feed use of diclazuril, salinomycin and robenidine was studied in fattening rabbits. Rabbits were challenged at the age of 31 d with a mixed inoculum of Eimeria magna, E. media and E. perforans. Production data and oocyst excretion were compared with an infected-untreated control group and an uninfected-untreated control group. Infection resulted in significantly lower production data and higher oocyst excretion in the infected-untreated control group. Salinomycin and diclazuril treated rabbits were able to control the infection, demonstrated also by comparable weight gain and final weight to those of the uninfected-untreated control rabbits and significantly higher than those of the infected-untreated control rabbits. Based on the production data and oocyst excretion, robenidine was not able to control the infection adequately. Economic performance (weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion) and oocyst excretion were significantly worse than in the uninfecteduntreated controls. In a second trial, a 1 yr longitudinal study was carried out in Italy to evaluate the excretion of coccidia in growing rabbits from 8 meat farms applying a 2-phase anticoccidial programme (diclazuril and robenidine). Parasitological parameters (oocyst counts and species identification) were measured monthly. Seven of the 11 known coccidial rabbit species were identified. Variable levels of oocysts per gram were detected in the farms, but on all farms lower oocyst per gram and a reduced number of Eimeria spp. in rabbit faeces were recorded in the 8-mo treatment period with diclazuril.

Comparative efficacy of sulphadimidine sodium, toltrazuril and amprolium for Coccidiosis in Rabbits

Coccidiosis is a parasitic protozoan that is caused by Eimeria species and it can cause weight loss or failure to gain weight, diarrhoea, which can be watery and bloody, dehydration and death, thus leading major economic losses. The coccidiosis is of two types i.e. hpatic coccidiosis and intestinal coccidiosis. The aim of the current study was to check the prevelance of the coccidiosis of rabbits and compared the different drugs in the control and trearment of coccidiosis of rabbits. The fecal sample was examined by different techniques i.e. direct smear and simple test tube flotation. The oocyst of Eimeria species were found abundantly in fecal sample of rabbits. Quantitative analysis was also done by using McMaster technique that gives egg per grem (EPG) to determine the severity of infection. The drugs that were used are sulphadimidine sodium, toltrazuril and amprolium. The efficacy of these drugs is 71%, 66.6% and 60% respectively. So the sulphadimidine sodium and toltrazuril can be used as anticoccidial. KEY WORDS: Coccidiosis, sulphadimidine sodium, toltrazuril and amprolium

Preventive treatment of rabbit coccidiosis with α-difluoromethylornithine

Veterinary Parasitology, 1988

The effect of o~-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) administered in drinking water (0.2 and 0.5%) against liver and intestinal coccidioses in experimentally infected rabbits was studied. Zootechnical and clinical parameters were used to assess the efficacy of the compound. In both coccidioses the lower dose did not show any important effect. The higher dosage (0.5%) however, reduced the lesions induced by coccidia to an important extent. The animals infected and treated with 0.5 % DFMO showed similar weight gain, food intake and relative liver weight figures to the non-infected controls. Serum transaminase levels in the rabbits infected with Eimeria stiedai and treated with 0.5% DFMO were close to those of the non-infected animals. Infected rabbits treated with this dosage also showed reductions (over 80%) in faecal oocyst output.

Coccidiosis: A Parasitic Disease of Significant Importance in Rabbits

World Vet. J., 2020

Rabbits are considered an important and healthy source of animal protein all over the world. They are susceptible to important diseases that can reduce their productivity, causing severe economic losses. Coccidiosis is one of the important protozoon diseases caused by Eimeria species. Rabbits are highly susceptible to coccidiosis, especially after weaning time. Coccidiosis in rabbits has two forms, namely hepatic and intestinal. Affected animals indicated the symptoms of diarrhea, reduced appetite, dehydration, and weight loss as well as liver and intestinal lesions. Diagnosis is based on the detection of the infective stages of the protozoon in feces or affected tissues. Prevention and control are achieved by adopting hygienic measures and using different anticoccidial drugs. The use of natural alternatives for the prophylaxis of coccidiosis in rabbits indicated promising results. Vaccine production trials are still under investigation. Accordingly, this review article aims to shed light on coccidiosis in rabbits considering pathology, diagnosis, and control.

Effect of Calotropis Procera on Rabbits Coccidiosis

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry and Environmental Health

Medicinal plants being an effective source of both traditional and modern medicines. They are genuinely useful for primary health care so that the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Calotropis Procera plant on rabbits coccidiosis. Fresh leaves of C. Procera were collected from Qena Province, and properly cleaned and dried. The powdered leaves were mixed with rabbit ration at ratio of 10-20-50 and 100g / kg rabbit ration. A total of 36 white New-Zealand male rabbits at 8 weeks old were divided into 6 groups each of 6 rabbits. 1 st group used as negative control (coccidian free) and fed on ration free of C. Procera, 2 nd group used as positive control, naturally infested rabbits with coccidia and fed on ration free of C. Procera, 3 rd , 4 th , 5 th and 6 th groups naturally infested rabbits and fed on pelleted ration contained 10, 20, 50 and 100g of C. Procera / kg ration respectively for 15 days. Clinical signs and post-mortem lesions were recorded all over the 15 days of the experimental period. Fecal samples were collected for detection and counting of Eimeria oocysts. Blood samples were collected for estimation of RBCs count and Hemoglobin concentration and for biochemical parameters. Samples from livers and intestines were collected for histopathological examination at the end of the experiment. Rabbits fed on 10g/kg pelleted ration of C. Procera had an increase in Eimeria oocysts count, so it hasn't effect on Eimeria Sp. as well as it hasn't toxic effect. While rabbits fed on 20g/kg pelleted ration of C. Procera showed reduction in the number of oocysts in faeces as well as it hasn't toxic effect on hematological, biochemical parameters and biological organs so it can be used as a therapeutic agent against rabbit coccidiosis. With regarding to rabbits fed on 50 and 100g/kg pelleted ration of C. Procera there were an increase in the number of Eimeria oocysts in faeces as a result of off food of rabbits due to the bitter taste of the plant and the toxicity of these doses on rabbits so that high doses cannot be used as anticoccidial agent. disappearance of tissue alterations in the intestine and liver of rabbits infested with coccidian in histopathological examination after feeding of 20g/kg pelleted ration of Calotropis Procera suggest that this plant is safe and have a potential anticoccidial effect at this dose.