Causative Organisms in Neonatal Sepsis and Their Antibiotic Sensitivity and Resistance Pattern (original) (raw)
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Abstract: Background: Sepsis is one of the most common causes of neonatal hospital admissions and is estimated to cause 26% of all neonatal deaths worldwide. While waiting for results of blood culture, it is necessary to initiate an empirical choice of antibiotics based on the epidemiology of causative agents and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in a locality. Objective: To determine the major causative organisms of neonatal sepsis at the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital (NDUTH), as well as their antibiotic sensitivity patterns, with the aim of formulating treatment protocols for neonates. Methods: Within a 27-month period (1st of October 2011 to the 31st of December 2013), results of blood culture for all neonates screened for sepsis at the Special Care Baby Unit of the hospital were retrospectively studied. Results: Two hundred and thirty-three (49.6%) of the 450 neonates admitted were screened for sepsis. Ninetyseven (43.5%) of them were blood culture positive, with 52 (53.6%) of the isolated organisms being Gram positive and 45 (46.4%) Gram negative. The most frequently isolated organism was Staphylococcus aureus (51.5%) followed by Escherichia coli (16.5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.4%). All isolated organisms demonstrated the highest sensitivity to the quinolones. Conclusion: Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of morbidity among neonates admitted at the NDUTH. There is a need for regular periodic surveillance of the causative organisms of neonatal sepsis as well as their antibiotic susceptibility pattern to inform the empirical choice of antibiotic prescription while awaiting blood culture results. Key words: neonatal sepsis, bacterial isolates, antibiotic sensitivity
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International
Background: The drug resistance and pathogens are different in various Hospitals of any country. Very high resistance pattern is observed nowadays to the frequently used antibiotics. The important observation has been noted that most of the doctors do not obtain blood cultures before start of the antibiotics, which becomes competent source of resistance. For the same purpose, this study has been done to find out the responsible microbes causing ailment and their susceptibility towards antibiotics to plan early and effective management. Materials and Methods: A number of 100 new borns admitted in the NICU CMC Children Hospital Larkana with signs and symptoms of sepsis were included in this research work. The study will help in provision of a comprehensive record on microorganisms causing sepsis in the neonates and their antibiotic sensitivity. The epidemiology and presence of neonatal sepsis in particular area makes it more easy and convenient to implement the rationale of empirical ...
Neonatal sepsis is one of the most important causes of infant mortality and morbidity. In spite of availability of broad spectrum antibiotics, treating sepsis has become a challenge due to emergence of resistant strains from time to time. The present study is aimed at to isolate the organisms causing sepsis in neonates and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. From April 2013 to June 2014, 167 blood samples were collected from clinically diagnosed cases of neonatal sepsis. The samples were conventionally processed and the isolated organisms and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern were analysed. There are 38 (22.75%) samples which are culture positive out of 167 samples. There are almost equal culture positivity in early onset sepsis (23.64%) and late onset sepsis (23.32%). The most common isolated organism is Coagulase Negative Staphylococci. All isolates are resistant to penicillin, amoxicillin and third generation cephalosporins. All isolates except pseudomonas are susceptible to Piperacillin/Tazobactum and all Gram positive isolates are susceptible to Vancomycin. As the most of the isolates are multidrug resistant, it is essential to do regular studies to know the changing trends in causing organisms and their susceptibility patterns which helps not only in effective management of sepsis but also in choosing empirical antibiotic of choice.
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2013
Neonatal sepsis is one of the most common causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity, particularly in the developing countries. Its causative bacteria and their respective sensitivity patterns are different in each hospital and region. The objective of this study was to determine the causative bacteria and pattern of susceptibility to antibiotics in NICU of a tertiary care centre, which in turn may help in implementation of empirical therapy. This prospective study was carried out at a medical college during the period from 1st April 2011 to 31st March 2013. A total of 364 cases of suspected sepsis were admitted in our NICU during the mentioned period. Out of which, 137 cases were positive for culture. All the neonates of suspected sepsis were screened by using a panel consisting of CRP, ANC, I/T ratio, micro ESR and culture and sensitivity. A total of 137 cultures were found to be positive out of 364 cases. The most common organism isolated was Staphylococcus aureus (37.22%) follow...
Journal of Chittagong Medical College Teachers' Association
Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in newborn. The spectrum of organisms causing sepsis is different in developing countries. Data on the recent trends of organisms causing sepsis are limited. There are many factors that contribute to neonatal sepsis. The organisms responsible for early and late onset sepsis are different. This study was conducted to analyze the organisms responsible for early and late onset neonatal sepsis and to see the sensitivity of drugs. Materials and methods: A prospective hospital based study over the period of one year (January 2015 to December 2015) was conducted at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in Bangabandhu Memorial Hospital, USTC, Chittagong. Results: A total of 114 neonates were enrolled during the study period. Among them 98 neonates were selected considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood culture was positive in 44(44.9%) neonates. The male female ratio of culture proven sepsis was 1.2:1. More than...
Study on Bacteriological Profile and Sensitivity Pattern of the Organisms in Neonatal Sepsis
2021
Background: Sepsis in neonates by resistant strains remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. This study attempted to find out the organisms responsible for early onset sepsis (EOS) and late onset sepsis (LOS) and determine their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. Materials & Methods: This prospective observational single centre study was conducted on 1000 neonates during January to September 2018, that were investigated for rule out sepsis, at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Ad-din Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Results: Fifty-four neonates were found with culture proven sepsis.Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CONS) (68.42%)was the commonest and followed by Acinetobacter (18.42%) were found on culture isolates in EOS. In LOS, CONS (75%) is the most predominant organism. Among the gram negative Acinetobacter (50%) was the most prevalent bacteria followed by E.coli (28.57%). None of the gram positive isolates were sensitive to Amikacin. Ma...
Neonatal sepsis: causative bacteria and their resistance to antibiotics
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. The objective of this study was to determine the causative bacteria and level of their resistance to commonly used antibiotics. This descriptive study was carried out at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad from April 2009 to January 2010. All neonates of either gender admitted in neonatology unit with clinical sepsis and positive blood culture were included in the study. Neonatal period was defined as 28 days of life at term and up to 44 weeks of gestational age in preterm babies. One hundred and thirty neonates of either gender were studied during the period. Blood sample for culture was taken from a peripheral vein or an artery ensuring standard anti-septic measures. BACTEC technique was used for obtaining bacterial growth and drug sensitivity after incubation of 24-48 hours. Second blood culture was also performed in few cases which were not showing improvement aft...
2012
We aimed to determine the bacterial profile and describe the drug susceptibility pattern of neonatal sepsis in patients seen at Gondar University Hospital neonatal unit, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. A cross sectional study was conducted involving patients with clinical signs of sepsis who were admitted to Gondar University Hospital neonatal unit between July 2011 and June 2012. Venous blood sample was collected aseptically and inoculated in to Trypton soya blood culture medium for 2-14 days aerobically, checking for growth of bacteria every 3 days. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard procedures and antibacterial susceptibility test was done following agar disc diffusion method. A total of 181 neonates (99 male and 82 female) were included in the study. Out of this, 58 showed positive blood culture for bacteria with infection rate of 32.1%. The most common bacterial isolate was Staphylococcus aureus (29.3%) followed by Klebsiella ozaenae (17.2%), Escherichia coli (10.3%), non lactose fermenter gram negatives (10.3%), K. pneumoniae (8.6%) and coagulase negative staphylococci (6.8%). S. aureus showed high level of drug resistance for tetracycline (16, 94.1%), ampicilln (14, 82.4%), amoxicillin (14, 82.4%), chloramphenicol (4, 82.4%), trimetoprim sulphametoxazole (14, 82.4%) and ceftrioxone (13, 76.4%). Among the total isolates of S. aureus, 41.2% of them were found to be methicillin resistant (MRSA). K. ozaenae showed extremely high level of resistance against amoxicillin (10, 100%), chloramphenicole (10, 100%), ampicillin (9, 90%) and tetracycline (7, 70%). Multiple drug resistance was observed in 85.7% of gram positive and 92.1% of gram negative isolates. There is exceedingly high rate of resistance of bacterial isolates to different antibiotics commonly prescribed. Bacterial profile suggesting the best choice of antibiotics are important for physicians when treatment of the septic neonates has to be initiated before the result of the blood culture is known.
2016
Background: Neonatal sepsis is a life threatening problem in neonates which is one of the major contributor of neonatal mortality especially in developing countries.The aim of our study is to enlist the organisms predominantly responsible for neonatal sepsis in our hospital and todeterminetheirantimicrobialspectrumofsensitivity. Surveillance should be conducted shortly apart (every 3-6 months) to update the causative organisms and their sensitivity spectrum in particular localities.The administration of organism specific antibiotics will be helpful in decreasing the number of multidrug resistant strains which are spreading due to the administration of broad spectrum antibiotics, being given to patients on empirical grounds. Aims & Objective: The aim of our study is to determine the bacterial pathogens commonly responsible for neonatal sepsis in our setup and to determine their antimicrobial spectrum of sensitivity. This will help us deciding which antibiotic should be administered e...
Causative bacteria and antibiotic resistance in neonatal sepsis
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Neonatal sepsis is characterised by bacteraemia and clinical symptoms caused by microorganisms and their toxic products. Gram negative bacteria are the commonest causes of neonatal Sepsis. The resistance to the commonly used antibiotics is alarmingly high. The major reason for emerging resistance against antibiotics is that doctors often do not take blood cultures before starting antibiotics. We have carried out this study to find out various bacteria causing neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility to antibiotics for better management of neonatal sepsis. A total of 130 neonates with sepsis who were found to be blood culture positive were taken in this study. Culture/sensitivity was done, isolated organisms identified and their sensitivity/resistance was noted against different antibiotics. Data were arranged in terms of frequencies and percentage. Out of 130 culture proven cases of neonatal sepsis, gram negative bacteria were found in 71 (54.6%) cases and gram positive bacteria in ...