Tear Film Functions and Intraocular Pressure Changes in Pregnancy (original) (raw)

Comparative study of intraocular pressure variation in pregnant and non pregnant women

2015

Introduction: Hormonal changes occurring during pregnancy have significant effect on the body including eyes. Hormonal changes can affect intraocular pressure (IOP) in pregnancy and are transient. The present study is to investigate the variation of IOP in pregnancy and non pregnant women. Methods: A comparative case control, Hospital based study was done which incorporated 200 patients (100 were pregnant and 100 non pregnant).IOP was measured using a Rebound tonometer for right and left eye for both the groups. Statistical analysis by T- test. Results: 200 patients included in the study (n=100 pregnant and n=100 non pregnant patients).Age group 20 to 35 yrs were included in both the groups with mean age 25.92 years pregnant and 26.31 years non pregnant. Mean IOP of non pregnant women were 16.280 mmHg (Std. Deviation 1.79269) and 16.590 mmHg (Std. Deviation1.1984) for right and left eye respectively. Among 200 eyes of non pregnant women, 133 eyes (67%) had IOP between 16 to 18 mmHg ...

Study of Ocular Changes in Pregnancy

The Journal of medical research, 2016

Introduction: In pregnancy, women undergo a tremendous number of systemic and ocular changes. Physiological changes occur in the cardiovascular, hormonal, metabolic, hematologic and immunologic systems. Hormonal changes are among the most prominent systemic changes in pregnant women with the placenta, maternal endocrine glands and the fetal adrenal glands combining their productivity to make a high-powered hormone factory. Aims: To evaluate the various ocular changes taking place in pregnancy in women with no other co-morbid ocular or systemic diseases and to compare ocular changes in three trimesters of pregnancy with controls of non pregnant women. Materials and Methods: The ocular changes occuring in varying stages of pregnancy in 225 pregnant women were studied and compared with 75 healthy non pregnant women. Results: Age was similar in the pregnant and non pregnant women studied. Headache was significantly more common among pregnant women when compared to non pregnant women. Di...

A Narrative Review of the Complex Relationship between Pregnancy and Eye Changes

Diagnostics, 2021

Pregnancy is a condition often characterized by changes that occur in different parts of the body. Generally, the eyes suffer several changes during pregnancy that are usually transient but may become permanent at times. This may occur due to the release of placental hormones and those of maternal endocrine glands and fetal adrenal glands. Due to hormonal influences, physiological ocular changes during pregnancy have been shown in Caucasian women, so corneal sensitivity, refractive status, intraocular pressure, and visual acuity may change during pregnancy. Within this review, all studies that referred to physiological aspects and to changes of ocular pathology of pregnancy, the effect of the pregnancy on pre-existing (diabetic retinopathy, neuro-ophthalmic disorders) eye disorders, postpartum ocular changes, the intraocular pressure and the effect of hypotensive ophthalmic medicine during pregnancy, the connection between pregnancy and the neuro-ophthalmic pathology, as well as the...

Physiological Ocular Changes in Various Trimesters of Pregnancy

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology

Introduction: A large number of hormonal, metabolic, immunologic and haematological changes occur in all organ system of female body during pregnancy. Human eye and its function are no exception to these changes. Purpose: To evaluate physiological ocular changes in various trimesters of pregnancy and to compare them amongst the three trimesters. Patients and Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study, using judgmental convenient sampling method, was done in both eyes of 120 pregnant females (40 in each trimester), with known last menstrual period, attending antenatal clinic of BPKIHS, Dharan. Women with known systemic or ocular diseases like conjunctivitis, keratitis, iridocyclitis, glaucoma, refractive error, were excluded. Demographic details of all patients were recorded and detailed ocular examination, including best corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination, vertical and horizontal keratometry, central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure were performed and recorded. A comparison of these parameters was made amongst three trimesters. Results: Visual acuity of all the subjects was 0 logMAR. Corneal curvature, both vertical and horizontal, signifi cantly increased towards third trimester. Central corneal thickness progressively increased from fi rst to third trimester (p= 0.019 Right eye, 0.016 Left eye). In contrary to this, intraocular pressure signifi cantly decreased during successive stages of pregnancy (P=0.000 both eye). Conclusion: Signifi cant increase in corneal curvature and central corneal thickness along with, decrease in intraocular pressure occur during successive trimesters of pregnancy. All pregnant women should have routine ocular examination; changes noted, if any, should receive attention and period of gestation should be considered prior to making a diagnosis.

Ocular anterior segment changes in pregnancy

Journal of cataract and refractive surgery, 2014

To evaluate the changes occurring in the cornea, anterior segment anatomy, and intraocular pressure (IOP) in pregnant women. Department of Ophthalmology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel. Prospective single-center comparative study. The Ocular Response Analyzer dynamic bidirectional applanation device and the Pentacam HR Scheimpflug imaging system were used to obtain data on the anterior eye segments of healthy pregnant and nonpregnant women. Sixty pregnant and 60 nonpregnant women were enrolled. The Goldmann-correlated IOP and corneal-compensated IOP were significantly lower in the pregnant group (mean 10.96 mm Hg versus 12.97 mm Hg, P<.001; and 10.97 mm Hg versus 13.16 mm Hg, P<.001, respectively). The corneal front steep keratometry value was statistically significantly higher in the pregnant group (44.81 diopters [D] versus 44.1 D, P=.039). No significant difference was found in corneal hysteresis, the corneal resistance factor, corneal posterior curvature, ce...

[Ocular changes during pregnancy]

Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia

Pregnancy can cause several alterations in human eye function in healthy condition as well in ocular disease; these effects on the eyes are divided into three categories: physiologic alterations, ocular diseases changes already existing before the pregnancy, and pathological alterations. The present text proposes a bibliographical revision on the theme. The authors researched PubMed (MEDLINE) and LILACS databases.

A review of the changes in the ophthalmic and visual system in pregnancy

African Journal of Reproductive Health, 2008

Pregnancy is often associated with ocular changes which may be more commonly transient but occasionally, permanent. It may be associated with the development of new ocular conditions, or can exacerbate pre-existing conditions. The ocular effects of pregnancy may be physiological or pathological or may be modifications of pre-existing conditions. Adnexial changes include chloasma, spider angiomas and ptosis. Anterior segment changes include a decrease in conjunctival capillaries and an increase in the granularity of conjunctival venules and in corneal curvature, changes in corneal thickness, refractive index, accommodation and refractive errors, and a decrease in intraocular pressure. Posterior segment changes include worsening of diabetic retinopathy, central serous chorioretinopathy, increased risk of peripheral vitreochorioretinal dystrophies and retinal detachment, and a beneficial effect on non-infectious uveitis. Systemic disorders of importance include preeclampsia, Graves dis...

Measurements of Pupillary Diameter and Wavefront Aberrations in Pregnant Women

Scientifica, 2016

Purpose. To show whether pregnancy affects the measurements of pupillary diameter and wavefront (WF) aberrations.Methods. This was a case-control study including 34 healthy pregnant women in the third trimester and age-matched 34 nonpregnant women. Only women who had no ocular abnormalities and no refractive error were included. We measured photopic and mesopic pupil diameter and WF aberrations at the third trimester and at the second postpartum month. Measurements of the right eyes were used in this study. The differences between groups were analysed by pairedt-test andt-test.Results. Pregnant women’s mean photopic pupil size in the third trimester was significantly higher than in postpartum period and in control group (3.74 ± 0.77, 3.45 ± 0.53, and 3.49 ± 0.15 mm,p<0.05, resp.). Mesopic pupil size in the third trimester was also higher than in postpartum period and in control group (6.77 ± 0.52, 6.42 ± 0.55, and 6.38 ± 0.21 mm,p<0.05, resp.). RMS-3 and RMS-5 values were high...

Eye Changes In Pregnancy : Many Things Can Be Missed

2017

The virtue of becoming a mother is God’s greatest gift to womankind. However, sometimes the mother has to pay a heavy duty for this privilege. During pregnancy, there are progressive anatomical, physiological, and/or may be even some pathological changes which involve not only the reproductive system but also all other organ systems of the body even including the eyes. Pregnancy can affect the eyes in many ways (i.e. physiological or pathological) which are being described in this article.

Ophthalmic considerations in pregnancy

Medical Journal Armed Forces India, 2013

The eyes are our window to the world and offer us an island of vision in the sea of darkness. Equally, the eyes are also a window to peep into what is going on in the milieu interior. Pregnancy is a natural state of physiological stress for the body. Each organ system of the body in a pregnant lady behaves at variation than in a non-pregnant state. A complex interplay exists between how the pregnancy affects the eye and how ocular physiology and pathology may lead to the modification of the management of pregnancy. Added to this is the effect of systemic conditions on the eye which gets modified by pregnancy. An awareness of the interaction of Ophthalmology and Obstetrics for the benefit of the mother and the child requires a basic understanding of these complex interactions. This article aims at presenting to the reader in a simplified and organized manner the common ophthalmic issues encountered in a pregnant woman, their management and the effect of various ophthalmic medication on the fetus. ª 2013, Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS). All rights reserved. "The woman about to become a mother, or with her newborn infant upon her bosom, should be the object of trembling care and sympathy wherever she bears her tender burden or stretches her aching limbs.. God forbid that any member of the profession to which she trusts her life, doubly precious at that eventful period, should hazard it negligently, unadvisedly or selfishly."