Effect of Curcuma longa or parziquantel on Schistosoma mansoni infected mice liver--histological and histochemical study (original) (raw)
Related papers
Praziquantel (PZQ) is the drug of choice against schistosomiasis. However, PZQ was found not fully effective. A new trend from natural plant sources was used to compete schistosomiasis. In the present study, the antischistosomal activities of Curcumin extract and /or PZQ were evaluated. Parasitological and histopathological examination of liver has been explored. Moreover, Surface topography of the recovered worms was inspected by SEM. On the other hand, the total protein and DNA fragmentation percentage were estimated in infected and infected treated mice as compared to control group. Treatment of infected CD1 mice with curcumin extract alone didn\'t show any detectable changes in the parasitological or histological parameters. The infected mice treated with PZQ only, showed a significant decrease in the total worm burden, egg load (52%), with increase in degenerated eggs (58%) in the oogram pattern. However, treating infected CD1 mice with combined therapy (curcumin extract + PZQ) showed extremely significant reduction in female and male worm count (93% & 84%) respectively. Liver tissue egg load decreased by 88%, intestinal egg load decreased by 97%. Combined therapy decreased granuloma count and diameter with significant increase in degenerated egg in the oogram count. Moreover, the studied biomarkers, related to liver function and DNA damage were significantly improved in infected mice treated with curcumin combined with PZQ as compared to either drug alone. . In conclusion, curcumin extract in combination with PZQ has a synergetic effect and could be more promising in controlling schistosomiasis.
2017
Background: Curcumin is the major active ingredient of Curcuma longa L., traditionally known as turmeric and has been shown to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities including anti-parasitic effect. However, it is found to be water-insoluble and has low bioavailability. The aim of this study was to explore the potential role of turmeric solved in olive oil either alone or in combination with praziquantel (PZQ) in treatment of schistosomiasis mansoni. Methods: The whole turmeric powder suspended in olive oil (as a solvent) is indicated to S. mansoni-infected mice aiming to study its potential therapeutic role, either alone or in combination with PZQ. Results: Turmeric significantly reduced S. mansoni worm burden and complete absence of adult worms achieved in mice treated with combination of turmeric and PZQ. Turmeric has slight non-significant effect on the oogram pattern in all examined S. mansoni infected mice. Turmeric and PZQ found to exert a significant reduction of...
Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 2020
Schistosoma species is a blood-parasite causing schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical pathological disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. This work studied the efficiency of curcumin in restoring liver and spleen ratios to body weight and enhancing the histological architecture in S. mansoni infected mice. Forty CD1 male mice were divided intofour groups (10mice/group). G1 (treated with phosphate buffer and act as control), G 2 (treated with curcumin), G3 (infected-untreated), and G4 (infected & treated with curcumin). After seven weeks of infection, each group was injected for three times/week intraperitoneal. The mice body weights were weekly recorded and they were sacrificed by the end of the 8th week. Liver and spleen were removed immediately and weighted to calculate their ratios to body weight. The histological sections of liver and spleen were prepared to study pathological changes between the different groups. Granuloma number and diameter change rate in liver were...
Molecules, 2021
The active ingredients allicin and curcumin have a wide range of actions against fungi, bacteria, and helminths. Therefore, the study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of allicin (AL) and curcumin (CU) as antischistosomal drugs and their biochemical effects in normal and Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. Praziquantel (PZQ) was administrated for two successive days while AL or CU was given for two weeks from the week 7th postinfection (PI). The possible effect of different regimens on Schistosoma worms was evaluated by measuring the percentage of the recovered worms, tissue egg load, and oogram pattern. Serum alanine transaminase activity and levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, and uric acid were measured. Liver tissue malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione levels besides, the activities of glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were assessed for the oxidative/antioxidant condition. DNA electrophoresis of liver tissue was used to indicate the degree of frag...
American Journal of Life Sciences, 2015
Praziquantel (PZQ), the drug of choice according to the World Health Organization (WHO), causes some side effects. The appearance of drug resistance against PZQ in Schistosoma mansoni infected species leads to must introduce new effective compounds and/or suppress its side effects. The aim of present work is a trial to solve this problem. Chloroform extract of Citharexylum quadrangular jacq leaves was used as a medicinal plant, which affect the Schistosoma mansoni adults. Prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of Schistosoma mansoni infected mice with the plant extract and/or the antioxidants vitamin E and selenium in combination with PZQ was studied. The study revealed that the combination of the chloroform extract together with vitamin E and selenium improved the efficiency of PZQ. These supplementations are very effective in ameliorating the oxidative insult as well as other parameters: glutathione reductase (GR), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation (MDA), hepatic hydroxyproline content, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and total immunoglobulin E (total IgE) associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection.
Ameliorative Effect of Calotropis Procera And/Or Praziquantel on Schistosoma Mansoni Infected Mice
Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 2019
Seventy albino mice were infected with~ 80 S. mansoni cercariae and were classified into: GI: infected non-treated group, GII: treated with C. procera alcoholic extract after infection (therapeutic), GIII: treated with C. procera aqueous extract after infection (therapeutic), GIV: treated with C. procera alcoholic extract before infection (prophylactic alcoholic), GV: treated with C. procera aqueous extract before infection (prophylactic aqueous), GVI: treated with praziquantel, treated group with praziquantel combined with aqueous extract of C. procera and G.VII: infected and treated with half dose of Praziquantel combined with aqueous plant extract. Seven weeks post infection, all mice were autopsied, and livers and ilea were parasitological examined (Tissue egg load) and histological assessments (Number & size of hepatic granulomas). Schistosomes recovered from all groups were processed to calculate total worm burdens. The results showed that mice treated with C. procera alcoholi...
Schistosomiasis is a major public health problem worldwide. Schistosome eggs are responsible for most pathology. The organs affected are liver and spleen. There has been very little progress on schistosomiasis chemotherapy in Kenya due to the high costs and unavailability of known drugs to the local masses. There has been a resurgence of interest in the study of antischistosomal medicinal plants of local origin. Plants seem to be a cheaper source for drug development. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a herbal drug, Schitozim over Praziquantel in the management of S. mansoni infection in BALB/c mice and to provide defined information of the parasitological and immunological responses towards this herbal drug. BALB/c mouse strains, was used. The experimental groups included; normal/naive control; infected and not treated control group; infected groups administered with three different doses (50 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg) of Schitozim and infected group administer...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 2014
Schistosomiasis in humans is a major public health problem worldwide. Schistosomiasis occurs in 76 tropical countries and it is estimated that 85% of the infections are in Africa. In Kenya, it is estimated that 3 million people are infected. The Conventional drugs are effective in the treatment of the disease but very little progress has been achieved on treatment of Schistosomiasis in Kenya. Any effort towards developing alternative drugs for the disease is worthwhile. Praziquantel is the most effective drug against all adult stages of human Schistosomiasis, being the drug of choice for morbidity control of Schistosomiasis. However it is not a satisfying situation to have one drug used for the treatment. Ideally other drugs should be availed in order to avoid development of drug resistance. The use of plant extracts in treatment of diseases is universal. The results obtained showed that Ocimum americanum and Bridelia micrantha plant extracts had antischistosomal activity as indicated by high worm reduction and reduced gross pathology. Histopathology showed no or few granuloma in the liver tissue. Further work should be done on the efficacious extracts, towards drug development.
Mohammad Aziza, Amer Ragheb Adel Azizb,* a Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute ,Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. Safepharma Research Laboratory, Alexandria, Egypt. b Department of Parasitology, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Souhag University, Souhag; Egypt, 82524., 2017
Schistosoma mansoni worms inhabit the portal triad affecting blood elements. Therefore, the current study aimed to compare ameliorative effects of Commiphora molmol extract (Mirazid, MZD) and praziquantel (PZQ) on some biochemical parameters in S. mansoni-infected mice. Accordingly, Swiss albino mice (n=72) were used and were divided into 4 equal groups; 18 mice each. Group (1) was uninfected non-treated control. Mice in infected groups administered 100 S. mansoni cercariae/mouse. Group (2) contained infected non-treated mice. Group (3) was infected and treated with MZD at a dose of 500 mg/kg for 5 successive days. Group (4) was infected and treated with PZQ in a dose of 500 mg/kg for 2 successive days. Treatment started 7 weeks post infection (WPT) by the oral route. Blood samples were collected at the 1st, 2nd and 4th weeks post treatment for liver functions (ALT, AST and ALP), kidney functions tests (blood urea and serum creatinine) and cholinergic function (serum cholinesterase level). PZQ ameliorated activities of serum enzymes; alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase more than MZD compared to infected untreated group. PZQ significantly decreased ALT at 1, 2 and 4 WPT as well as AST and ALP activity at 2 and 4 WPT whereas, MZD resulted in significant reduction in ALT activity at the 1st, 2nd and 4th WPT. AST and ALP activities appeared at the 2nd and 4th WPT. PZQ caused progressive significant reduction in elevated levels of urea and creatinine at the 1st, 2nd and 4th WPT, respectively that produced by MZD. PZQ and MZD induced a significant elevation in the level of AChE. Such effect was early detected MZD, and it was showed at the 2nd and 4th WPT for PZQ. It was concluded that PZQ and MZD were safe drugs with no adverse biochemical effects on S. mansoni-infected treated mice with potential action done by PZQ rather than MZD.
This study assessed the effectiveness of an aqueous extract of Moringa Oleifera Lam. leaves (MOL) alone or in combination with praziquantel (PZQ) drug targeting-infected mice with Schistosoma mansoni-induced liver and spleen damage. Mice were divided into eight groups control mice group treated orally with saline. PZQ group: non-infected mice treated orally with 300 mg/kg bwt PZQ three consecutive days. MOL group: non-infected mice treated orally with 150 mg/kg bwt MOL extract for 15 days. PZQ/ MOL group: non-infected mice treated orally with 300 mg/kg bwt PZQ for three consecutive days and 150 mg/kg bwt MOL extract for 15 days. IF group: infected mice with 100 cercariae/ mouse of the Egyptian strain of S. mansoni. IF/PZQ group infected mice with S. mansoni cercariae and treated orally with 300 mg/kg bwt PZQ for three consecutive days. IF/MOL group: infected mice with S. mansoni cercariae treated orally with 150 mg/kg bwt MOL extract for 15 days. IF/PZQ +MOL group: infected mice with S. mansoni cercariae treated orally with 300 mg/kg bwt PZQ for three consecutive days and 150 mg/kg bwt MOL extract for 15 days. Blood, liver, spleen, worm, and eggs were collected at the end of the experimental period. Treatment of infected mice with MOL and PZQ together significantly reduced the number of ova/g tissue and eliminated the parasites. In addition, the liver and spleen of infected mice showed less histopathological alteration and immunohistochemical expression of nuclear factor kappa β (NF-Kβ). We can conclude that MOL extract combined with PZ has a curative effect on S. mansoni infection and helped to lessen its pathological effects.