Corynebacterium Prosthetic Joint Infection (original) (raw)
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Corynebacterium Species Rarely Cause Orthopedic Infections
Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Corynebacterium spp. are rarely considered pathogens, but data on Corynebacterium spp. as a cause of orthopedic infections are sparse. Therefore, we asked how often Corynebacterium spp. caused an infection in a defined cohort of orthopedic patients with a positive culture. In addition, we aimed to determine the species variety and the susceptibility of isolated strains to define potential treatment strategies. We retrospectively assessed all bone and joint samples that were collected between 2006 and 2015 from an orthopedic ward and that were positive for Corynebacterium spp. by culture. The isolates were considered relevant to an infection if the same Corynebacterium sp. was present in at least two samples. We found 97 orthopedic cases with isolation of Corynebacterium spp. (128 positive samples). These were mainly Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum (n = 26), Corynebacterium amycolatum (n = 17), Corynebacterium striatum (n = 13), and Corynebacterium afermentans (n = 11). Compared t...
Corynebacterium Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasy Prosthetic Joint Infections
Arthroplasty today, 2020
Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococci species. Corynebacterium species are microorganisms of the human skin and mucous membranes that are often considered contaminants when grown in culture. In the past, Corynebacterium species were often classified as diphtheroids based on growing as gram-positive rods in aerobic environments, but with advances in technology, the identification of Corynebacterium species has improved. Corynebacterium can cause infection, but there are few case reports of orthopaedic infection. We present 3 cases of total hip arthroplasty and 3 cases of total knee arthroplasty PJI caused by Corynebacterium species. We found a high failure rate of surgical treatment of Corynebacterium PJI, defined as reoperation for infection. This information adds to the limited literature on these organisms in total joint arthroplasty PJI.
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 2003
Over a five-year period, 163 strains of Corynebacterium sp. were recovered from different clinical specimens of patients from a Brazilian University hospital. Genitourinary tract and intravenous sites specimens were the most frequent sources of corynebacteria (46.62%). Corynebacterium amycolatum (29.55%), Corynebacterium minutissimum (20.45%) and Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum (13.63%) were the predominant species found in genitourinary tract. C. minutissimum (24.14%) and Corynebacterium propinquum (17.24%) in surgical and/or other skin wounds and abscesses; Corynebacterium xerosis (25%), C. amycolatum (21.87%) and C. pseudodiphtheriticum (18.75%) in intravenous sites; C. pseudodiphtheriticum (33.33%) and C. propinquum (33.33%) in lower respiratory tract. Microorganisms were all susceptible to vancomycin and most of the species was predominantly resistant to b-lactams. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of corynebacteria were not predictable. Multiple antibiotic resistance observed in C. jeikeium was also found among C. xerosis, C. minutissimum, C. afermentans, C. propinquum, C. amycolatum and C. pseudodiphtheriticum strains. Data suggest awareness of clinicians and microbiologists to nosocomial infections especially due to antimicrobial multiresistant strains of Corynebacterium sp.
Hardware Infection with Corynebacterium spp.: a Case Report and Review of the Literature
Clinical Microbiology Newsletter, 2014
A 58-year-old man with a history of psoriatic arthritis presented with a post-operative spine infection 4 months following an L3-4 spinal fusion and laminectomy. His past medical history included coronary artery disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia, type II diabetes, squamous cell skin cancer, and an initial post-operative course complicated by a surgical site infection due to group B streptococcus approximately 1 month after initial hardware placement, which was managed by irrigation and debridement (I&D), 9 days of parenteral therapy (predominantly cefazolin), and 8 weeks of cephalexin. Several subsequent I&Ds produced no organisms recovered by culture. At the time of presentation, he had a large amount of drainage from the distal aspect of his surgical wound, which again required I&D. The patient's intraoperative cultures included three swabs and one tissue sample taken directly from the surgical site. White blood cells were present in low density in 3 of 4 smears, but no organisms were seen in any of the four direct Gram stain smears. Only the lumbar tissue sample was positive for growth. Growth on sheep blood agar at 35°C in CO 2 revealed an essentially pure culture of 0.5mm pinpoint, grey-white, round, non-hemolytic colonies, and the Gram stain demonstrated palisading coryneform gram-positive bacilli. No fungi, anaerobes, or acid-fast bacteria (AFB) were recovered by culture.. The organism was phenotypically identified as Corynebacterium jeikeium by the API ® Coryne test kit (identification number 2100304; bioMériuex, Marcy l'Etoile, France). However, 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the sequence was not identical to that of C. jeikeium but was found in a closely related genogroup (Fig. 1) that differed by ten base pair deletions (Fig. 2). The organism was resistant to penicillin, erythromycin, and clindamycin (by disk diffusion using Staphylococcus breakpoints according to CLSI M100 (1). It was susceptible to vancomycin (MIC, 1.0 μg/ml), linezolid (MIC, 0.38 μg/ml), doxycycline (MIC, 0.38 μg/ml), and rifampin (MIC, 1.0 μg/ml) but resistant to ciprofloxacin (MIC, 12 μg/ml) by
Emergence of coryneforms in osteomyelitis and orthopaedic surgical site infections
Australasian Medical Journal, 2011
Coryneform species other than Corynebacterium diphtheriae are coming up as important pathogens with the potential to cause serious and life--threatening infections not only in immunocompromised but in immunocompetent individuals as well. The exact infectious potential of these bacteria and their rational antimicrobial treatment is a challenging but essential task.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, 2009
Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from the blood of a patient with endocarditis (strain 5401744 T) and from the hip joint fluid of a patient with an infected orthopaedic prosthesis (strain 5402485 T). These strains were characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Based on cellular morphology and biochemical criteria the two isolates were tentatively assigned to the genus Corynebacterium, although they did not correspond to any recognized species. The predominant fatty acids were a mix of C 18 : 2 v6,9c and anteiso-C 18 : 0 (32.1
Isolation of Corynebacterium ureicelerivorans from normally sterile sites in humans
Fifteen Corynebacterium ureicelerivorans isolates were recovered in pure culture from six patients during a five-year period. Five patients had bacteremia and the other was an infection of ascitic fluid. The API Coryne™ numerical profile obtained corresponds to the profile for C. bovis, while Biolog™ GP2 identified four out of the six isolates as C. jeikeium. The organisms were molecular identified by 16S rDNA and rpoB. The present report also includes information on new phenotypic tests and, for the first time, antimicrobial susceptibility data of C. ureicelerivorans and their rpoB sequences. All macrolideresistant isolates presented a constitutive MLS phenotype. This organism must be differentiated from other slowgrowing, lipophilic, and urea-splitting corynebacteria.