Anti-hyperglycemic activity of methanolic extract of Flacourtia montana in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats (original) (raw)
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Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 2010
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder which affects a significant portion of the population worldwide. [1] DM is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia, resulting from defects in insulin secretion, its action or both. [2] Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are known to be multifactorial diseases caused by a combination of genetic (inheritance) and environmental (diet and lifestyle) factors. [3] Non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a multifactorial disease, which is characterised by hyperglycemia and lipoprotein abnormalities. [4] These traits are hypothesised to damage cell membranes, which results in excess generation of reactive ABSTRACT Objective: To study the efficacy of combination of Flacourtia jangomas leaf and stem (1:1) methanolic extract (MEFJ) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and to investigate the qualitative phytochemical present in the extract. The study also aims to evaluate acute and short-term general toxicity of the extract in rats. Materials and Methods: MEFJ of leaves and stem was subjected to preliminary qualitative phytochemical investigations by using standard procedures. The extract (400 mg/kg p.o.) was screened for antidiabetic activity in STZ-induced diabetic rats (30 mg/kg, i.p.). Acute oral toxicity study for the test extract of the plant was carried out using OECD/OCED guideline 425. Results: Phytochemical analysis of MEFJ of leaves and stem revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, carbohydrates, steroids, tannins, and phenolic compounds. In acute toxicity study, no toxic symptoms were observed for MEFJ up to dose 2000 mg/kg. Oral administration of MEFJ for 21 days exhibited highly significant (P < 0.01) hypoglycemic activity and also correction of altered biochemical parameters, namely cholesterol and triglycerides significantly (P < 0.05). Urine analysis on 1 st day showed the presence of glucose and traces of ketone in the entire group except normal control group. However, on 21 st day glucose and ketone traces were absent in MEFJ-and glibenclamide-treated groups while they were present in diabetic control. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Dunnett's test. Conclusion: The observations confirm that methanolic extract of the leaf and stem of the plant has antidiabetic activity and is also involved in correction of altered biological parameters. It also warrants further investigation to isolate and identify the hypoglycemic principles in this plant so as to elucidate their mode of action.
Anti-diabetic activities of Fleurya aestuans (L.) Gaudich in alloxan induced rats
2017
Diabetes mellitus is becoming an increasing concern all over the world and such people especially in some communities have used medicinal plants to treat diabetes and its complications. This investigation aimed to examine the hypoglycemic potential of the methanol extract of Fleurya aestuans leaves in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Thirty five Wistar albino rats were grouped into seven different groups of five per group where diabetes was induced in the rats by intra peritoneal administration of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg) except a control group. F. aestuans methanol extract at a dose of 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg of body weight were administered at a single dose per day for a period of 10 days to the diabetic rats, respectively. Five mg/kg of standard drug, glibenclamide (a positive control) was given to one of the groups. The effects of F. aestuans methanol extract of whole plant, on blood glucose was measured in the diabetic rats. This activity is not dose dependent.
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2023
Objective: Faced with the devastating effect of diabetes, the search for new natural antidiabetic molecules is an exploratory avenue. Methods: In this study, the leaves of Flacourtia indica were collected from the Togolese flora, and their antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays, following a phytochemical screening conducted through colorimetric and precipitation reactions. The content of total phenols was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent and flavonoids by aluminum trichloride. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was evaluated using the method of dilution in agar wells with Muller-Hinton® agar. Additionally, the extracts' antidiabetic effect was evaluated in rats made diabetic by alloxan at a dose of 120 mg/kg. b.w. Results: The results of our work showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins, and saponins in the extracts. The best polyphenol and flavonoid contents were measured in the hydroethanolic extract and were 186.46±0.308 mg EqAG/g and 464.14±17.043 mgEqQ/g. ES respectively. The hydroethanolic extract has a higher antioxidant power with an IC50 = 110.22 µg/ml. The reducing powers of the ferric ions were 3706±12.124 and 3777±9.238 µmol/ml, respectively for the hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts. The extracts were active against Staphylococcus aureus and are bacteriostatic. The hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of Flacourtia indica significantly reduced (p = 0.0014) blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. Conclusion: This plant can therefore be a potential medicine in the treatment of diabetes.
Antidiabetic Potential of Flavones on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus in Rat
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
Objectives: The objective of the study was to develop new antidiabetic agents from synthetic route. Methods: An attempt was made to synthesize various flavones. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by UV, IR, 1 H-NMR and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, an in vivo antidiabetic activity study was carried out by streptozotocin induced model. Biochemical parameters were extensively studied to support anti-diabetic potential of synthesized flavones. Results: The study reveals that flavones such as F1, F2, F3, F5 and F8 were potentially considered for in-vivo antidiabetic activity. Fasting blood glucose and biochemical parameters like total protein, urea and creatinine, SGOT, SALP and SGPT were performed for the biological evaluation and compared with that of standard glibenclamide (5 mg/kg). Among the five consolidated flavones, F8 possess high significant (p < 0.01) results and restores the blood glucose level, liver enzymes and renal parameters. Based on these results, a promising potent drug would be developed in the management of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: In-vivo evaluations of selected compounds were carried out for its antidiabetic activity considering different biochemical parameters. Some of the selected flavones showed excellent and noticeable antidiabetic activity.
Evaluation of Hypoglycemic Effect of Two flavonoidic Compounds Isolated from Iraqi Phoenix dactylifera (Gintar) Leaflets in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits. World J Pharm Sci 2017; 5(7): 61-71. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which allows adapt, share and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. ABSTRACT Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder disease resulting from lack in action of insulin hormone. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) results showed presence of two flavonoidic spots from phoenix dactylifera(Gintar) leaflets have rate of flow equal to 0.35 , 0.4. So These compounds were separated by column chromatography (CC) then they were identified by infra-red spectrum and gas chromatography-mass spectrum technique and they were phenol,2,2 '-methylene bis[6-(1,1-dimethyl)-4-methyl and phenol,2,2 '-methylene bis [6-methoxy-3-(2-propenyl). Hypoglycemic effects of these active compounds were investigated and estimated in normalglycemic and hyperglycemic rabbits. The blood glucose levels in fasted normal rabbits were 137.66, 117.5, 106.88, 100.50 and 80.66 mg/100ml at 0,2,4,6 and 24 hr respectively from oral administration time. Also the blood glucose levels in fasted diabetic rabbits were 375.83, 315.50, 213.66, 152.35 and 145.50 mg/100ml at 0,2,4,6 and 24 hr respectively. The two flavonoids had no toxic effect on hemolysis of red blood cells so these active compounds can be used safely to treat diabetes mellitus disease.
Hypoglycemic Effects of Plant Flavonoids: A Review
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder with chronic high blood glucose levels, and it is associated with defects in insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both. It is also a major public issue, affecting the world's population. This disease contributes to long-term health complications such as dysfunction and failure of multiple organs, including nerves, heart, blood vessels, kidneys, and eyes. Flavonoids are phenolic compounds found in nature and usually present as secondary metabolites in plants, vegetables, and fungi. Flavonoids possess many health benefits such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, and naturally occurring flavonoids contribute to antidiabetic effects.Many studies conducted in vivo and in vitro have proven the hypoglycemic effect of plant flavonoids. A large number of studies showed that flavonoids hold positive results in controlling the blood glucose level in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and further prevent the complications o...
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Objective: Faced with the devastating effect of diabetes, the search for new natural antidiabetic molecules is an exploratory avenue. Methods: In this study, the leaves of Flacourtia indica were collected from the Togolese flora, and their antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays, following a phytochemical screening conducted through colorimetric and precipitation reactions. The content of total phenols was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent and flavonoids by aluminum trichloride. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was evaluated using the method of dilution in agar wells with Muller-Hinton® agar. Additionally, the extracts' antidiabetic effect was evaluated in rats made diabetic by alloxan at a dose of 120 mg/kg. b.w. Results: The results of our work showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins, and saponins in the extracts. The best polyphenol and flavonoid contents were measured in the hydroethanolic extract and were 186.46±...
Flavonoids as Antidiabetic Agents
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Flavonoids are polyphenol compounds that exert many potential health benefits, including diabetes type-II, which is the third most common disease that causes death, right after cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The excessively high level of blood glucose has been believed to trigger type II diabetes. The aim of this review is to describe the flavonoid's ability as an alternative treatment for diabetes type-II patients. This paper addresses several aspects in which flavonoids may impart a pivotal role in starch digestion, such as the interaction of flavonoids with enzymes involved in starch hydrolysis, the role of flavonoids in inhibiting glucose absorption, as well as the interaction of flavonoids with starch to form a complex resistant to hydrolysis. Further studies, however, are suggested to extensively carry out, particularly the ones dealing with the intervention study using human volunteers to reveal the role of flavonoids in the real applications. The data on human inter...
Potential Role of Flavonoids as Anti-diabetic Agents-A Comprehensive Review
Texila International Journal of Public Health, 2024
Diabetes mellitus is a widespread and debilitating metabolic disorder marked by sustained elevated blood glucose levels, which can culminate in a range of severe complications if unmanaged. Flavonoids, polyphenolic chemicals originating from plants, have attracted a great deal of attention in the field of diabetes research because of their antidiabetic properties. These naturally occurring substances, which are 15 carbons in structure, are widely distributed in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based diets, have been shown to offer a number of positive benefits, including the capacity to regulate many facets of insulin and glucose homeostasis. These compounds are classified into six major subclasses based on their structural differences. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies have looked at the antidiabetic potential of flavonoids. Flavonoids have been found to modulate enzymes such as ά-glucosidase and ά-amylase, which are the key enzymes for the reduction of blood glucose levels. Emerging evidence suggests that flavonoids may exert their antidiabetic effects through their ability to modulate various cell signaling pathways involved in glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation. It has been demonstrated that flavonoids contain anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities. These qualities are vital for reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, which are crucial factors to the onset of diabetes. This review aims providing comprehensive elucidation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the antidiabetic effects of flavonoids, considering their potential impact on various metabolic pathways involved in diabetes.
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2017
Three plants from indian origin like aerial parts of Schrebera swietenoides, roots of Barleria montana and aerial parts of Rotula aquatica were extracted with methanol and metanolic extracts were evaluated for antidiabetic activity against streptozotocin induced diabetes for their study. Oral administration of these plant extracts at different dose levels of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg were screened in comparision with the standard drug glibenclimide. Among these plant extracts, extract of Barleria montana at a dose of 400 mg/kg b.w exhibited significant activity within 4th and 8th hour intervals showing a reduction in blood glucose levels are 293.94± 4.63 and 235.04± 2.93 mg/dl. preliminary phytochemical screening also conducted which revealed presence of triterpenes, flavonoids and steroid