Surface Modification of Titanium Dental Implants: A Review (original) (raw)
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Surface Modifications and Their Effects on Titanium Dental Implants
Biomed Research International, 2015
This review covers several basic methodologies of surface treatment and their effects on titanium (Ti) implants. The importance of each treatment and its effects will be discussed in detail in order to compare their effectiveness in promoting osseointegration. Published literature for the last 18 years was selected with the use of keywords like titanium dental implant, surface roughness, coating, and osseointegration. Significant surface roughness played an important role in providing effective surface for bone implant contact, cell proliferation, and removal torque, despite having good mechanical properties. Overall, published studies indicated that an acid etched surface-modified and a coating application on commercial pure titanium implant was most preferable in producing the good surface roughness. Thus, a combination of a good surface roughness and mechanical properties of titanium could lead to successful dental implants.
Different Surface Modifications of Titanium Implant: A Review
Titanium implant surfaces have been modified in various ways to improve biocompatibility and accelerate osseointegration, which results in a shorter edentulous period for a patient. This article reviewed some important modified titanium surfaces. Several methods are widely used to modify the topography or chemistry of titanium surface, including blasting, acid etching, anodic oxidation, fluoride treatment, and calcium phosphate coating. Such modified surfaces demonstrate faster and stronger osseointegration than the turned commercially pure titanium surface. Past literature has revealed most of the surface treatments able to brings a good effect to the dental implants.
Surface treatments of titanium dental implants for rapid osseointegration
Dental Materials, 2007
d e n t a l m a t e r i a l s 2 3 ( 2 0 0 7 ) 844-854 a v a i l a b l e a t w w w . s c i e n c e d i r e c t . c o m j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . i n t l . e l s e v i e r h e a l t h . c o m / j o u r n a l s / d e m a Dental implants Surface roughness Nano-sized topography Biomimetic calcium phosphate coating a b s t r a c t
Insights into Surface Treatment Methods of Titanium Dental Implants
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 2012
Titanium is the most widely used material for dental implants, due to its desirable properties, e.g., high biocompatibility, low density, high stiffness and strength, etc. More importantly, titanium implants may osseointegrate with living bone, meaning that new bone grows directly onto the surface of the implant, without any intermediate soft tissue layer. A successfully osseointegrated implant generally has a strong bonding to the adjacent bone; consequently, it usually functions well and remains stable for long service period. It also has been clinically proven that surface treatment methods can improve the rate and quality of titanium implants' osseointegration. This article focuses on two such methods, i.e., surface roughening and hydroxyapatite (HA) coating. In addition, we discuss a promising new methodology, which attempts to modify the surface charge of titanium materials. This paper focuses on the current best surface treatment methods for titanium dental implants developed and improved in the past two decades, i.e., 1990-2010.
The Influence Of Titanium Dental Implant Surface On Osseointegration: A Review
Research journal of pharmaceutical, biological and chemical sciences, 2017
Succes of dental implants relies amongst other factors, on implant surface as it is known that it helps osseointegration. An important challenge in the field of implantology is development of implant coatings which mimic native bone and therefore increase bone in growth. Pubmed was searched in order to find out novelties regarding dental implant surfaces and success of osseointegration. Forty-nine articles were included which were published. Although various dental implant surface technologies are commercially available, new studies are needed as there are no sufficient data which surface treatment is the most suitable one.
Titanium and its alloys are commonly used for dental implants because of their good mechanical properties and biocompatibility. The surface properties of titanium implants are key factors for rapid and stable bone tissue integration. Micro-rough surfaces are commonly prepared by grit-blasting and acidetching. However, proteins and cells interact with implant surfaces in the nanometer range. The aim of this study was to compare the osseointegration of machined (MA), standard alumina grit-blasted and acid-etched (MICRO) and nanostructured (NANO) implants in rabbit femurs. The MICRO surface exhibited typical random cavities with an average roughness of 1.5 lm, while the NANO surface consisted of a regular array of titanium oxide nanotubes 37 ± 11 nm in diameter and 160 nm thick. The MA and NANO surfaces had a similar average roughness of 0.5 lm. The three groups of implants were inserted into the femoral condyles of New Zealand White rabbits. After 4 weeks, the pull-out test gave higher values for the NANO than for the other groups. Histology corroborated a direct apposition of bone tissue on to the NANO surface. Both the bone-to-implant contact and bone growth values were higher for the NANO than for the other implant surfaces. Overall, this study shows that the nanostructured surface improved the osseointegration of titanium implants and may be an alternative to conventional grit-blasted and acid-etched surface treatments.
Characterization of Titanium Surface Modification Strategies for Osseointegration Enhancement
Metals, 2021
As biocompatible metallic materials, titanium and its alloys have been widely used in the orthopedic field due to their superior strength, low density, and ease of processing. However, further improvement in biological response is still required for rapid osseointegration. Here, various Ti surface-treatment technologies were applied: hydroxyapatite blasting, sand blasting and acid etching, anodic oxidation, and micro-arc oxidation. The surface characteristics of specimens subjected to these techniques were analyzed in terms of structure, elemental composition, and wettability. The adhesion strength of the coating layer was also assessed for the coated specimens. Biocompatibility was compared via tests of in vitro attachment and proliferation of pre-osteoblast cells.