Performance Analysis of a Solar-Powered Organic Rankine Cycle Engine (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Electrical, Energy and Power System Engineering, 2021
New and renewable energy sources such as solar, geothermal, and waste heat are energy sources that can be used as a source of energy for Organic Rankine cycle system because the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) requires heat at low temperatures to be used as energy source. The experimental of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems with solar energy as a heat source was conduct to investigate a small-scale ORC system with R134a as a working fluid by varying the heat source at temperature 75⁰C-95⁰C. The experiment resulted a maximum efficiency, power of system is 4.30%, and 185.9 Watt, where the temperature of heat source is 95⁰C, the pressure and temperature of steam inlet turbine is 1.38 MPa and 67.9oC respectively. Solar energy as the main energy source in the ORC system can reduce energy use up to 49.9% or 4080.8 kJ where the temperature of the water as the heat source in the evaporator is 51°C.
SOLAR THERMAL ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE AS A RENEWABLE ENERGY OPTION
2005
The objective of the paper is to study the feasibility of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) driven by solar thermal energy as a renewable energy option for small and medium sized commercial usage, power generation of less than 10MW. ORC is principally a conventional Rankine Cycle that uses organic compound as the working fluid instead of water and it is particularly suitable for low temperature applications. Appropriate organic compound includes refrigerants and azeotropes. The ORC and the solar collector are sized according to the solar flux distribution in Malaysia. According to Malaysia Metrological Department, Kota Kinabalu has the highest yearly average of solar radiation in the country for year 2003, for this reason it is chosen for the location of study. The power generation system consists of two cycles, the solar thermal cycle that harness solar energy and the power cycle, which is the ORC that generates electricity. The solar thermal cycle circulates heat transfer fluid (HTF) in the cycle and harness thermal energy from the sun and transfers it to the organic compound in the ORC via a heat exchanger. Components in the power cycle or ORC include an ORC turbine for power generation, a condenser for heat rejection, a pump to increase the pressure and a heat exchanger. The HTF selected in this analysis is Therminol VP3, which is currently used for commercial solar thermal applications. For this research, 2 organic compounds were analyzed, R123 and isobutane. These two compounds are optimized for selection.
Energy Procedia, 2016
Solar thermal power plants have been widely studied in recent years as solar energy is clean, affordable and largely available. The possibility of converting solar thermal energy into electricity with small scale (lower than 10 kWe) Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) plants operating at low temperature (lower than 130 °C), seems today a viable option. In this paper, the design and development of a prototypal small scale ORC plant ( 2 . In the first part of the paper the experimental data collected during the lab tests are presented. Then, the data collected during the field test are presented and discussed. A gross electrical efficiency up to 8% has been achieved. The value of net efficiency is dependent on the power absorbed by the auxiliary components that have not been optimized yet.
Performance Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle Integrated with a Parabolic Through Solar Collector
Recently, distributed power generation systems especially with renewable sources have shown a promising result all over the world and have been a technical solution to demand growth for electricity. Among these, solar thermal power plants show a trustworthy source for electricity generation especially for rural areas where small scale solar plants are used. Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a suitable means for electricity generation from low grade heat and has shown a good compatibility with parabolic trough solar collectors (PTC). Here, a PTC integrated with an ORC cycle is being investigated for small scale electricity generation near Tehran. The system includes a solar field, a storage tank, and a small scale ORC engine. Performance evaluation has been done by means of commercial software Thermoflex19. Analysis to find the optimal design point turbine pressure and evaporator temperature for obtaining the best performance shows the effect of turbine inlet pressure and evaporator temperature on various cycle characteristics such as net output work, efficiency, solar heat input, oil temperature, collector efficiency and characteristics of heat exchangers such as pinch point and current UA. A comparison of different working fluids is presented. Results show that Benzene has the best performance OPEN ACCESS 2 among fluids butane, n-pentane, Iso-pentane, R123 and R245fa for the system conditions described.
2013
This paper presents operation optimization and performance study of solar powered organic Rankine power plant with regenerative feed using toluene as the cycle working fluid. In the operation optimization, the optimised parameters are : extraction fraction , intermidiate pressure and mass flowrate of the cycle working fluid and they are optimised with respect to efficiency and the net power output. In the performance study, the effects of hot fluid inlet temperature, high pressure turbine inlet temperature, condenser pressure and boiler pressure on efficiency and system net power generation have been investigated. Considered performance parameters are efficiency and the net power output. The optimization result reveals that increasing the extraction fraction, intermediate pressure and working fluid mass flow rate increases the efficiency and the net power output at the beginning until they attain their corresponding maximum values and continuing to increase these values causes the r...
THERMODYNAMIC INVESTIGATION OF ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE (ORC) ENERGY RECOVERY SYSTEM AND RECENT STUDIES
Recently, new environment-friendly energy conversion technologies are required for using energy resources valid to power generation. Accordingly, low-grade heat sources as solar heat, geothermal energy, and waste heat, which have available temperatures ranging between 60 and 200°C, are supposed as applicants for recent new generation energy resources. As an alternative energy source, such low-grade heat sources usage generating electricity with the help of power turbine cycles was examined through this study. Such systems have existing technologies applicable at low temperatures and a compact structure at low cost, however, these systems have a low thermal efficiency of the Rankine cycles operated at low temperatures. An Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is alike to a conventional steam power plant, except the working fluid, which is an organic, high molecular mass fluid with a liquid-vapor phase change, or boiling point, at a lower temperature than the water-steam phase change. The efficiency of an ORC is about between 10% and 20%, depending on temperature levels and availability of a valid fluid.
Thermodynamic analysis of solar power organic Rankine cycle based on experimental data
International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2018
In current work, analytical expressions have been coded in MATLAB 9.0 linked with REFPROP 9.0, for solar powered ORC system integrated with conventional compound parabolic concentrator using environmental friendly hexane/R1234yf zeotropic mixture in order to calculate hourly (8 AM to 4 PM) combined performance of solar power ORC, based on experimental data. It has been observed that maximum heat gain in the collector is 5.132 x 10 5 W at 1 PM for the mass fraction (0.7/0.3). Moreover , maximum overall thermal efficiency 17.65 % is attained at 1 PM for the mass fraction 0.3/0.7 whereas overall exergetic efficiency 49.23 % is achieved at the same time for the mass fraction 0.3/0.7.
Energy, 2016
A detailed experimental investigation of a small-scale low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) with R-404A is presented. The tests are first conducted at laboratory conditions for detailed evaluation of the main components at both design and off-design conditions, for variable heat input up to 48 kW th and hot water temperature in the range of 65e100 C. A scroll compressor in reverse operation is used as expansion machine and a dedicated helical coil heat exchanger is installed, suitable for high-pressure and temperature operation. The ORC pump is a diaphragm pump coupled with an induction motor. The rotational speeds of both the expander and pump are regulated with frequency inverters, in order to have the full control of the engine operation. The ORC has been then connected with concentrating PV/ thermal collectors, which produce electricity and heat and provide it to the ORC. These field tests are also presented with the overall focus on the performance of the whole ORC unit and its power contribution to the solar field. The tests have revealed that such low-temperature ORC unit can have adequate efficiency and that its coupling with a solar field is feasible, increasing the power production of the whole system.
Procceedings of the 19th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering
In this study, a non-regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) has been thermodynamically analyzed under superheated conditions, constant evaporator pressure of 2.5 MPa, and condenser temperature of 300 K. R113, R601, R11, R141b, Ethanol and Methanol were employed as the working fluid. A parabolic dish concentrator with a square prismatic tubular cavity receiver was used as the heat source of the ORC system. The effects of the tube diameter, the cavity depth, and the solar irradiation on the thermodynamic performance of the selected working fluid were investigated. Some thermodynamic parameters were analyzed in this study. These thermodynamic parameters included the thermal efficiency, second law efficiency, total irreversibility, availability ratio, mass flow rate, and net power output. The results showed that, among the selected working fluids, methanol had the highest thermal efficiency, net power output, second law efficiency, and availability ratio in the range of turbine inlet temperature (TIT) considered. On the other hand, methanol had the smallest total irreversibility in the same range of TIT. The results showed also that mass flow rate and consequently the net power output increased for higher solar irradiation, smaller tube diameter, and for the case of cubical cavity receiver (i.e. cavity depth h equal to the receiver aperture side length a).
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2023
The temperature utilization rate of heat source is defined to evaluate the energy utilization rate of organic Rankine cycles (ORCs). Rotary vane pump, plate heat exchangers and scroll expander are adopted to compare the performance of ORCs with expansion from superheated zone or two-phase zone. The results show that temperature utilization rate increases with the increase of mass flow rate of working fluid and the decrease of mass flow rate of heat source. The working conditions are classified into three types of A, B and C according to starting zone of expansion. The temperature utilization rate keeps almost unchanged for types B and C, but the net electric power output efficiency decreases obviously with the increase of working fluid mass flow. The maximum thermal efficiency, net electric power output efficiency and isentropic efficiency of expander are obtained as 6.1%, 3.01% and 83.5%, respectively. The maximum temperature utilization rate can reach 64.4% with the decrease of heat source mass flow. Furthermore, the rotary van pump is suitable for small-scale ORC with stable volume flow rate, relative high efficiency, good sealing condition and long service life. The highest isentropic efficiency and electricity consumption efficiency of pump are 46.1% and 39.8%, respectively.