Experimental testing of a low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engine coupled with concentrating PV/thermal collectors: Laboratory and field tests (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Electrical, Energy and Power System Engineering, 2021
New and renewable energy sources such as solar, geothermal, and waste heat are energy sources that can be used as a source of energy for Organic Rankine cycle system because the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) requires heat at low temperatures to be used as energy source. The experimental of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems with solar energy as a heat source was conduct to investigate a small-scale ORC system with R134a as a working fluid by varying the heat source at temperature 75⁰C-95⁰C. The experiment resulted a maximum efficiency, power of system is 4.30%, and 185.9 Watt, where the temperature of heat source is 95⁰C, the pressure and temperature of steam inlet turbine is 1.38 MPa and 67.9oC respectively. Solar energy as the main energy source in the ORC system can reduce energy use up to 49.9% or 4080.8 kJ where the temperature of the water as the heat source in the evaporator is 51°C.
2015
A prototype two-stage heat-to-power engine based on the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) has been developed for operation at a wide thermal load input range, coming from variable thermal sources, such as evacuated tube solar collectors. The system is used to produce electrical energy through the expansion of a refrigerant (R245fa) in two scroll expanders which are connected in series. The intense fluctuation of the temperature and heat input dictates the use of a two-stage engine, for flexible and efficient operation even at low thermal load, thus these expansion machines can operate within a narrow pressure ratio range, showing high expansion efficiency up to 70%. When operating at high heat input both expanders operate, while for low heat input, the first expander is completely bypassed. The net capacity of the ORC engine is 10 kWe, when supplied with 100 kW of heat at a temperature of 130 °C. This engine has been tested in an appropriate test-rig at the laboratory, using a controllabl...
Performance Analysis of a Solar-Powered Organic Rankine Cycle Engine
Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2011
This paper presents the performance analysis of a power plant with the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). The power plant is supplied by thermal energy utilized from a solar energy collector. R245fa was the working fluid in the thermodynamic cycle. The organic cycle with heat regeneration was built and tested experimentally. The ORC with a heat regenerator obtained the maximum thermodynamic efficiency of approximately 9%.
Design of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Power Plant Systems by Using Flat-Plate Solar Collector
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research, 2019
⎯ electrical energy is the most used energy today in daily activities and industry is increasing. In rural areas that do not have electricity still exists in Indonesia. In this study, it can be used as an alternative power plant that can be used by the countryside. The system used in this study is the new types of power plants, namely the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system. In connection with the problems stated above, through this research, an effort will be made to design an ORC power generation system. The ORC power plant system that will be designed utilizes solar energy sources and working fluids. Solar power is used to heat the heating fluid in the form of water. This heating water is used to vaporize the working fluid which can evaporate at low temperatures and high pressures. So that the working fluid gas can be used to rotate the turbine shaft and produce electrical energy through a generator. Simulation is done using energy system software. In addition to simulations, examples of manual calculations are also needed for validation. The simulation results of the ORC generating system design on the two working fluids produce the greatest power at the pump outlet pressure of 6 bar with Ẇnet of 13.61 kW and the smallest power is generated by the pump outlet pressure of 5.03kW. While the design simulation of the ORC generating system produces power close to 10 kW at the pump outlet pressure of 5 bars with 11.38 kW. The flat collector solar-plate system gets the energy that is useful for collectors of 191.92 W and an efficiency of 9.8%.
COMMISSIONING, INITIAL TESTING AND RESULTS FROM AN EXPERIMENTAL ONE KILOWATT ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems are capable of utilising low-enthalpy heat sources to generate power. The aim of the Above Ground Geothermal and Allied Technologies (AGGAT) research programme is to develop ORC systems within New Zealand. For the design, component selection and operation of ORC systems, it is important to understand process parameters and component behaviour. An experimental scale ORC system, known as ORC-B, has been built and tested at the University of Canterbury to assist in furthering our knowledge of ORC system design and construction. This paper presents experimental results from running a 1 kW ORC-B system using HFC-M1 refrigerant, a zeotropic mixture of R245fa and R365mfc as the working fluid under several operating conditions. Hot exhaust combustion products from a 30kW Capstone TM Gas Turbine are used as the heat source and heat is transferred via a thermal oil loop to the working fluid through a plate heat exchanger. A scroll expander magnetically coupled to an AC generator is used for work extraction and energy conversion. A thermodynamic analysis of the component performance is undertaken, factoring in several practical aspects of the system and its design. Details on the applied aspects of obtaining accurate results from an experimental ORC system are included, such as the effect of restriction to the flow path, heat losses, pump motor slippage and measurement uncertainty.
Design, construction, and preliminary results of a 250-kW organic Rankine cycle system
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015
h i g h l i g h t s A 250-kW ORC system using turbine expander was studied for waste heat recovery. The experimentally maximal net power output was 219.5 ± 5.5 kW. The experimentally maximal system thermal efficiency was 7.94%. The turbine isentropic efficiency was 63.7% with a rotational speed of 12,386 rpm. The system responded very rapidly as the heat source temperature changed.
Energy Procedia, 2016
Solar thermal power plants have been widely studied in recent years as solar energy is clean, affordable and largely available. The possibility of converting solar thermal energy into electricity with small scale (lower than 10 kWe) Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) plants operating at low temperature (lower than 130 °C), seems today a viable option. In this paper, the design and development of a prototypal small scale ORC plant ( 2 . In the first part of the paper the experimental data collected during the lab tests are presented. Then, the data collected during the field test are presented and discussed. A gross electrical efficiency up to 8% has been achieved. The value of net efficiency is dependent on the power absorbed by the auxiliary components that have not been optimized yet.
REVIEW OF ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE USED IN SMALL-SCALE APPLICATION
International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research, 2020
Organic Rankine cycle an alternative way of generating energy from waste heat, fuel and gases at low-temperature. Method (ORC) proved successful and high efficiency to reduce environmental pollution, fuel consumption and convert low to medium heat sources. The paper will be presenting a review investigation on the organic Rankine cycle(ORC), cycle Background, (ORC) configuration, and selecting of working fluids and experimental studied of expansion apparatuses, which are classified into two type volumetric type such as (expander of rotary vane, scroll, reciprocating piston expander and screw) velocity kind (for example axial and radial turbine). Heat exchanger and expander apparatuses are considered economically expensive parts in (ORC).
Energies
Based on a 10-kW organic Rankine cycle (ORC) experimental prototype, the system behaviors using a plunger pump and centrifugal pump have been investigated. The heat input is in the range of 45 kW to 82 kW. The temperature utilization rate is defined to appraise heat source utilization. The detailed components’ behaviors with the varying heat input are discussed, while the system generating efficiency is examined. The exergy destruction for the four components is addressed finally. Results indicated that the centrifugal pump owns a relatively higher mass flow rate and pump isentropic efficiency, but more power consumption than the plunger pump. The evaporator pressure drops are in the range of 0.45–0.65 bar, demonstrating that the pressure drop should be considered for the ORC simulation. The electrical power has a small difference using a plunger pump and a centrifugal pump, indicating that the electric power is insensitive on the pump types. The system generating efficiency for the...
Design and Build of a 1 Kilowatt Organic Rankine Cycle Power Generator
2013
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems are capable of utilising low-enthalpy geothermal sources. The aim of the Above Ground Geothermal and Allied Technologies (AGGAT) research programme is the development of ORC systems within New Zealand. An experimental scale ORC system, known as ORC-B, was built at the University of Canterbury to assist with the research and development of the system design and component selection process. The unit is a 1 kW ORC consisting of four key components: evaporator, expander, condenser and pump. Selection of the working fluid was found to be a constraining factor in the design. A refrigerant mix known as HFC-M1 was selected due to its desirable performance, high safety and ease of availability in New Zealand. The heat source for the system is the exhaust of a Capstone gas turbine. Heat is transferred to the unit’s plate-type evaporator by a thermal oil extraction loop. Cooling is supplied to the plate-type condenser from the available water supply. A scrol...