Mutual-implication Interaction between Social Identity and Social System: an Analytic Approach to Social Identity Formation (original) (raw)
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Presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, New Orleans, LA.
Identity orientations refer to the relative importance of various identity attributes in the construction of self-definitions. For Cheek and Briggs (1982), social identity orientation referred to the importance of James’ (1890) social me: one's popularity or social reputation deriving from interpersonal relationships. Abrams (1988), however, criticized their social identity scale for failing to capture European social identity theory’s emphasis on sociological aspects of self-definition (for example, cultural or ethnic group membership; Tajfel, 1981). To avoid confusion between these Jamesian and European meanings of social identity, some psychologists have argued that the term collective identity should be used to capture the parts of self-definition encompassed by social identity theory (e.g., Ashmore, Deaux, & McLaughlin-Volpe, 2004; Brewer & Gardner, 1996; Cheek, 1989). We report a factor analysis yielding distinct social and collective identity orientation scales (N = 511), ethnic group differences for collective but not social identity orientation (N = 441), and differential correlations with relevant self-concept measures that support maintaining two separate scales. Moreover, relational self-concept is clearly distinguishable from both social and collective identity orientations, indicating the need to measure all three of them as distinct aspects of interdependent self-construal in future research.
The Critical Examination of Social Identity Theory
The Journal of Political Psychology, 2021
The Social Identity Theory (SIT) is a very influential theory in social psychology that has been utilized in various areas, including examining individual differences in task performance, leadership styles, and refining intergroup relations. This paper is a critical examination of SIT, discussing its achievements (strengths), limitations (weaknesses) along with responses to its critics (SIT defences). To provide the readers with a focused perspective, the discussion will be limited to intergroup relations, excluding other applicable research areas. In this framework, the original assumptions of SIT as postulated by Tajfel and the subsequent interpretations and contemporary applications is discussed. While acknowledging the significant contributions of SIT, I argue that it can still be further advanced in several ways. First, incorporating enhancement and positive distinctiveness motives at the group level and addressing personal motivational and affective processes at the individual level can further refine SIT. Second, there have been many studies on SIT conducted in experiments with artificially created social groups whereas only few studies investigated the theory in real life settings with existing social groups. This type of research can particularly be significant in applied fields (e.g., political psychology). Third, SIT could also benefit by considering of cross-cultural differences, (e.g., individualistic versus collectivist cultures), in relation to social identity formation and maintenance.
Self-Perceived Identity Scale: A Scale Development Study
Self-perceived identity means individuals' having a state of cognitively, emotionally and behaviourally consistent interpretation of themselves, the environment and all factors of their lives, which is specific but also in compliance with the society. In that sense, it is considered to be a very important concept in psychology, especially for the adolescence period. Considering that it will contribute to the literature, it was intended in this study to develop a valid and reliable liker type scale to identify the level of such a substantial perception. Findings of the confirmatory factor analysis also indicated that the obtained fit indices confirmed a two-dimensional structure. Results of reliability analysis for the negative perception of identity and positive perception of identity factors were .87 and .86, respectively. Psychometric characteristics of the Self Perceived Identity Scale suggested that it is a valid and reliable scale to be used for determining the Self Perceived identity level of university students.
2017
The chapter provides an overview of the methods used in the investigation of youth social identities in the Western Balkans. For quantitative part of the study, 767 young people aged 20–30 years from four Western Balkan countries were surveyed. Each country sample includes an ethnic majority and an ethnic minority with a history of tensions or violent conflict. The survey measured their identifications with a wide range of social groups, from local, ethnic, religious, and national to the overarching identities (Balkans, Europe). The chapter further describes the qualitative portion with focus groups and case studies in each city, the guidelines followed in conducting the studies, and the data analysis procedures. The chapter closes with remarks on the importance of integrating quantitative and qualitative data.
The Social Identity Perspective
Small Group Research, 2004
The historical development, metatheoretical background, and current state of the social identity perspective in social psychology are described. Although originally an analysis mainly of intergroup relations between large-scale social categories, and more recently an analysis with a strong social cognitive emphasis, this article shows that the social identity perspective is intended to be a general analysis of group membership and group processes. It focuses on the generative relationship between collective self-conception and group phenomena. To demonstrate the relevance of the social identity perspective to small groups, the article describes social identity research in a number of areas: differentiation within groups; leadership; deviance; group decision making; organizations; computer mediated communication; mobilization, collective action, and social loafing; and group culture. These are the areas in which most work has been done and which are therefore best placed for further developments in the near future.
Social Identity: Clarifying its Dimensions across Cultures
2012
Sažetak Social identity has been linked to a number of work-relevant constructs. Specifically, researchers have investigated the role of social identity in cross-function teams, its impact on team performance and willingness to engage in OCBs, just to name a few. Furthermore, this construct has been cited as one of the most relevant constructs when understanding inter-group relations (Sohrabi, Gholipour, & Amiri, 2011).
Do Social Interactions with Peers Affect Student Identity
2020
This research is based on the observations and experiences of researchers, that at SMP Pawyatan Daha there are some students who are still doing things based on following along with friends, not based on themselves. For example, when a friend has a problem with a gang then triggers a fight, then his other friends will join in a fight with the intention of defending a friend even though they don't know what the problem is. This study aims to determine the effect of peer relations on self-identity. This study uses a quantitative research approach with comparative or ex-post facto causal techniques. The study population was 185, and the sample consisted of 47 research subjects of class VI students of SDN 26 Ampenan. Collecting data using peer questionnaire instruments and self-identity then based on the results of the distribution of questionnaires it was found that peers had a significant influence on the self-identity of grade VII students of SMP Pawyatan Daha 1 Kediri. Based on ...