Drinking water quality determination through the water pollution indicators, Elbasan district (original) (raw)
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EVALUATION OF DRINKING WATER QUALITY THROUGH MICROBIAL INDICATOR IN ELBASAN DISTRICT
KNOWLEDGE – International Journal, 2020
Clean and safe water is an absolute need for health and productive life. Source waters, susceptible to surface contamination, particularly surface waters and groundwater and spring sources contain microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and protozoan parasites which can present a risk to human health if not effectively treated and disinfected. The quality of the water supplies is important in determining the health of individuals and whole communities. The analysis of drinking water for the presence of indicator microorganisms is the key to determining its microbiological quality. Drinking water supplies in Elbasan village are predominantly sourced from surface waters or groundwater influenced by surface water and soil contamination. Present study aims to assess and compare the ground water quality in Elbasan district, during June-August 2018 and with WHO standards. In order to assess the quality of water, the microbial indicators of drinking water quality have been determined in collective wells (20 sampling points/village). Thus, total coliform, intestinal enterococci bacteria and Escherichia coli have been analyses in water samples taken in the wells of villages Labinot Fushë, Gjergjan, Papër, Shushicë and Bradashesh. Testing for bacteria is the only reliable way to know if your water is safe. The coliform pollution level continues to be serious problem in studied villages. Water sources were contaminated with fecal wastes and posed a health risk to consumers of that water. Community-led sanitation and hygiene education and better water source protection are urgently needed. The philosophy underlying disinfection of all water supplies is to use the best quality source of water available and to provide multiple barriers to the transmission of any pathogenic organisms to consumers.
Al-Qadisiyah Journal Of Pure Science, 2021
Coliform bacteria are important Water quality indicators, related to human health. This study investigated , 30 samples of drinking water from five different sources of drilled well from Kifry city were collected March 2021 and investigated for the levels of their physiochemical characterization and coliform. Chemical tests were performed include tests of some soluble inorganic ions, such as chloride (Cl 1-) and calcium (Ca 2+), potassium (K +) sodium (Na +), magnesium (Mg 2+), the conductivity, pH, total dissolved solid (TDS), and turbidity. The results of chemical and physical test demonstrate the water of drilled wells in study area is possible for drinking according to Iraqi standard limits and international organization World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water. Also collected sample for detection coliform bacteria in the laboratory direct five tubes put the solution each 5ml for one tube and 10 ml sample for each one, after that all the tube put the incubator at 37 °C. After for 24 hour the tubes that show turbidity change red to purple in color and show gas production (bubble in the Durham tube) are considered positive. but the (drilled well) water in Imam Mohamed area isn't suitable for drinking water, according to the (WHO) ranges for drinking water.
2020
Background: In the current scenario, the urbanization is happening at a faster pace and the economy is not able to match at par with urbanization, this In turn is causing problems of unavailability of safe and potable water along with proper sewage system, despecially in urban slums. As a result of the scenario many urban slums are still using poor quality pit latrines and even drawing water from nearby wells, water taps which are not complying with government norms. Space is also a big problem which is being faced by these slums, due to which there is a lack of enough spaces in the houses and nearby areas, therby causing overcrowding. Due to overcrowding, the space between houses, pit latrines, wells, taps and water bodies has decreased and thus the potential of contamination of water bodies by fecal microorganisms has increased drastically. Given the above knowledge, a study is much needed to estimate the presumptive and differential coliform count of water samples from the urban slum area in Lucknow. Subjects & Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the period of January to June 2019. Samples were collected from all the taps, hand pumps that were currently in use, along with potable water stored in households of Sarvodaya Nagar (an urban slum area), Lucknow and were processed in the Microbiology department of IIMS&R, Lucknow. Results: A total of 53(63%) samples were taken from Public supply, out of which 36(67. 9%) were found unsatisfactory and 17(32.0%) were intermediate, were found to be contaminated with Pseudomonas sp., E.coli, Thermotolerent E.coli, Klebsiella Spp. Citrobacter, Enterococcus and Pseudornonas Spp., E.coli, Thermotolerent E.coli, Klebsiella respectively. In the study more than half of the samples were taken from the Public water supply. Out of these about seventy percent were unsatisfactory and were found to be contaminated with Pseudomonas. Conclusion: The proper sanitation, regular treatment, supervision of water sources, arid regular bacteriological assessment of all water sources for drinking should be planned and conducted.
Evaluation of Coliform in Tap Water of Forty one Town of Ten Districts of Kashmir Valley
2012
The coliform group has been used extensively as an indicator of water quality and has historically led to the public health protection concept. The aim of the study was to evaluate the status of tap water of Kashmir valley, and to monitor coliforms through multiple tube methodMost Probable Number (MPN). MPN proved highly successful when it was used to detect faecal pollution and to monitor water quality during outbreaks of water borne hepatitis A & E infection in the valley. Total forty one towns of ten districts of three subdivisions were studied. The coliform count of tap water of Kashmir valley varied greatly. District Srinagar shows lowest level of MPN ? 2/100ml of tap water. However bacterial count of tap water of majority of the towns exceeded the recommended permissible level of WHO. Introduction of sewage into the drinking water system was the main reason for the bacterial contamination. The sewage water recycling was necessary to minimize the water borne diseases. During th...
Journal of Human Environment and Health Promotion, 2017
"Background: Providing safe drinking water has critical importance to human societies. The aim of this study was to investigate microbiological quality of drinking water in distribution system of urban and rural regions of Ijroud, in Zanjan province. Materials and Methods: In present descriptive study, the microbiological examination of drinking water was conducted in 15 facilities with 401 samples. Transportation and test procedures were according to standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Results: Total number of microbial samples were 401 and 66.66% of them were positive for total and fecal coliforms. Also, water of 10 villages were not suitable for drinking with respecting to national standards. In addition, samples of only 5 villages were suitable for human consumption. The range of fecal coliforms in distribution networkschr('39') samples were from 4 to 75 MPN/100 ml. This study showed that as microbiological aspect, drinking water is not potable in some rural communities. The consumption of drinking water in this distribution networks can threaten the health of consumers, thus, the water supply organizations have to improve operation and maintenance measurements due to prevent the spread of water-borne diseases. Conclusion:This study showed that as microbiological aspect, drinking water is not potable in some rural communities. The consumption of drinking water in this distribution networks can threaten the health of consumers, thus, the water supply organizations have to improve operation and maintenance measurements due to prevent the spread of water-borne diseases."
Journal of Vocational Health Studies
Background: Refilled drinking water given by depots that currently have a permit for operation can be used to meet the community's drinking water demands. However, the quality of refilled drinking water has been tainted with pathogens that can cause health problems. Purpose: To assess the quality of replenished drinking water in Sesetan Village using Most Probable Number (MPN) Coliform and Escherichia coli as indicators. Method: A qualitative approach to descriptive observational research. The Ministry of Health standard 492/Menkes/PER/IV/2010 is used to assess drinking water quality. In this investigation, ten samples were used. Sampling was conducted in Sesetan Village, South Denpasar, Bali. Result: MPN Coliform was found in four samples: 96 MPN/100 mL (X1), 38 MPN/100 mL (X7), 15 MPN/100 mL (X8), and 5 MPN/100 mL (X10). Meanwhile, all of the samples tested negative for Escherichia coli. Conclusion: Based on drinking water quality criteria, 4 (40%) refilled drinking water depo...
Water is essential to sustain the life. Water samples have collected from a different urban area of H. D. Kote town of Mysore district from different sources such as hand pump, public taps, and stored household drinking water. Physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of the water samples were analysed following the standard methods to evaluate the quality of drinking water. All physic-chemical parameters are within the permissible limit to WHO. The microbiological analysis shows that that t nearly 53 % of the samples were observed with coliform contamination. The significant difference among water sources regarding total plate count was observed, where stored household water has relatively higher compared to tap and borewell water exceeding the standard limit. Both hand pump and the tap water were not detected with any E. coli contamination whereas 80% of the household stored water samples have shown E. coli contamination. The presence of significant counts of coliforms in stored household water indicates post poor sanitation and existence of human activities. Attention should be given to the collection, storage, and management by additional treatment to maintain and prevent excessive microbial growth
Bangladesh Research Publication Journal, 2010
Safe drinking water and good sanitary measures are important determinants of public health of a community. The aims of the present study were to assess the bacteriological quality of water supplies to the different communities of Mymensingh district during the period from March, 2007 to November, 2007 relating to the socioeconomic status of the inhabitants and to suggest interventions in minimizing microbial contamination. The communities were of enlighten, slum, densely populated, urban, rural and BAU campus. Microbiological and orgnanoleptic quality test of water were carried out in this study. For determination of microbiological quality total viable count (TVC), total coliform count (TCC), total streptococcal count (TStC) and for determination of organoleptic quality taste panel score attributes (color, odor, taste and transparency) were studied. The result showed that there was a significant (p<0.01) relationship between the mean values of TVC, TCC, TStC and taste panel scores of water samples of different communities. Moreover, the water quality of enlighten community was superior and the slum community was poor. TCC was considerably present in slum, densely populated, rural and BAU campus communities. Salmonella and E. coli were found in water supplies to the slum and densely populated communities. In conclusion, most of the communities in the study area were consuming unhygienic water and maintaining poor sanitary measures which warrant further major improvement of the utility services owing to good public health.
Detection of Escherichia coli and Total Coliform in Refill Drinking Water at Jepara Regency
International Journal of Research Publications
Introduction: Water are important for human life. The Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia stipulates the Minister of Health Number 492 of 2010 about drinking water quality requirements to ensure drinking water are safe for consumption. One of the requirements are free from Escherichia coli or total Coliform. When these bacteria are found in drinking water, it can cause diarrhea. In Province of Central Java, diarrhea is the biggest cause of death for children under five. Therefore, one of the locations in Province of Central Java was chosen, namely Jepara Regency, more precisely, Jepara District. Methods: This study used descriptive with a cross-sectional design. Data collection using total sampling technique and obtained 28 samples. Then the examination was carried out at the Regional Health Laboratory of Jepara Regency using the filter membrane method and Chromocult Coliform Agar Plate. Results: From 28 samples, 11 samples (39.3%) were contaminated by Coliform with 8 samples (72.72%) contaminated by Escherichia coli. Conclusion: Following up the finding of the study, it is hoped that further researchers will carry out researches on the hygiene sanitation of drinking water depot, so the cause of contaminations in drinking water refill are known.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
This study aims to determine the quality of groundwater in densely populated areas in the Pasar Minggu district, which focuses on examination of Escherichia coli bacteria as biological parameters. E.coli analysis was conducted in 3 sub-districtin the Pasar Minggu district, South Jakarta (106° 45'0''E-6° 15'40''S), which included Pejaten Barat, Jati Padang and Kebagusan sub-district based on topography. The method used is Most Probable Number (MPN), referring to SNI 01-2332.1-2006. The results showed that the presence of E. coli in the highest groundwater ranged from 1100 MPN/100 ml to > 1100 MPN/100 ml, present in Pejaten Barat sub-district (06° 16'39 "S-106° 49'48" E) whereas the lowest number ranged from 11.5 MPN/100 ml to 23 MPN/100 ml occurred in Jati Padang sub-district (06° 17'6 "S-106° 49'48" E).The correlation test results show that the amount of E.coli in ground water is affected by the distance of the septic tank to the groundwater well. The amount of E.coli contained in groundwater is also increasing, 1100 MPN/100 ml in groundwater samples at <10 m and < 20 MPN/100 ml in groundwater samples at> 15 m depth. This study provides information that topography and water flow affect the amount of E. coli.