Impact of Lipid Profile, Cardiac Biomarkers, Serum Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Activity, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant on Blood Pressure Status (original) (raw)
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Biochemical Parameters in Acute Myocardial Infarction with or Without Co-Morbidities
Journal of medical science and clinical research, 2017
Acute myocardial infarction is one of the most common cause of death and one of the most frequent causes of hospitalization. Acute Myocardial Infarction occurs when there is an imbalance between supply and demand for oxygen in the heart muscle resulting in injury and eventual death of muscle cells. Various risk factors for acute myocardial infarction have been reported, including age, family history, smoking, serum cholesterol, diabetes and hypertension. The present study was planned to measure oxidative stress markers as malondialdehyde as lipid peroxidation product and serum lipids such as total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol in acute myocardial infarction with and without co-morbidities. Study includes 140 patients with acute myocardial infarction and 50 normal healthy control. The data were evaluated statistically. We found significantly increase in serum malondialdehyde (p<0.05) in patients as compared to control. Whereas highly significant increase in total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoproteincholesterol (p<0.001) and significantly decreased high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p<0.001) in patients as compared to control. Our study revealed that myocardial infarction patients have elevated levels of serum lipid peroxidation product, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and reduced high density lipoprotein in patients as compared to healthy subjects. High concentration of serum oxidative stress marker and lipids may strongly associated with the risk for coronary heart disease.
Oxidative stress biomarkers as predictors of cardiovascular disease
International journal of …, 2011
Evidence for the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is primarily based on experimental and observational human studies. The aim of this review is to examine the observational longitudinal studies that have investigated the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and CVD. Fifty-one studies were identified with twenty-six of these measuring oxidized (Ox)-LDL, fifteen assessing myeloperoxidase, seven using lipid peroxidation measures and three quantifying protein oxidation. Results of studies using Ox-LDL have been equivocal with sixteen of the twenty-six studies reporting that this measure is predictive of cardiovascular events. These inconsistent results are not explained by differences in the study populations (primary or secondary CVD) or the type of assay used (auto or monoclonal antibodies). Six of the seven lipid peroxidation, and two of three protein oxidation studies found associations. Twelve of fifteen studies assessing the role of myeloperoxidase reported it to be predictive of CVD. However, issues surrounding the specificity of myeloperoxidase as a marker of oxidative stress and the small number of research groups reporting these results, limit this finding. In summary, the ability of oxidative stress biomarkers to predict CVD has yet to be established. Furthermore, it is important to note that the methods used to assess oxidative stress in these studies are indirect, and the evidence that the various methods actually reflect oxidative stress in vivo is limited.
Atherosclerosis, 2000
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in general seems to be the leading cause of death in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) including Iran. This may be due to classic risk factors such as high triglyceride (TG), high total cholesterol (TC), and low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The impact of antioxidants as potentially protective risk factors against early coronary heart disease (CHD) is unknown in Iran. Therefore, relationships between angina and plasma antioxidants and indicators of lipid peroxidation were investigated in a case-control study. In this study, 82 cases of previously undiagnosed angina pectoris (AP), identified by a modified WHO Rose chest pain questionnaire and verified by electrocardiography during treadmill exercise testing, were compared with 146 controls selected from the same population of over 4000 male civil servants aged 40-60 years. Subjects with AP declared significantly less physical activity and had higher serum TG [means (S.E.M.) 2.32 (0.18) versus 1.61 (0.07) mmol/l] but lower HDL-C [1.01 (0.04) versus 1.18 (0.03) mmol/l] than age-matched controls. Levels of total serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] were not significantly different between the two groups, while the ratio of LDL-C/HDL-C was significantly higher [4.51 (0.23) versus 3.54 (0.11)] for subjects with AP than for the controls. There was no significant difference in plasma levels of a-tocopherol, vitamin C, aand b-carotene. However, retinol [1.90 (0.06) versus 2.09 (0.05)] and b-cryptoxanthin [0.398 (0.04) versus 0.467 (0.03)] were significantly lower in AP. Furthermore, angina cases exhibited a higher index of lipid peroxidation than controls (e.g. malondialdehyde, MDA; 0.376 (0.010) versus 0.337 (0.009) mmol/l). On multiple logistic regression analysis, retinol with odds ratio (OR) of 0.644 [95% confidence interval (CI; 0.425-0.978)], b-cryptoxanthin, with an OR of 0.675 (CI; 0.487 -0.940), oxidation indices, MDA with OR of 1.612 (95% CI; 1.119-2.322) and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio with OR of 2.006 (95% CI; 1.416 -2.849) showed the most significant independent associations with AP in this group of Iranians. In conclusion, the state of lipid peroxidation as well as the status of special antioxidants may be co-determinants of AP in Iran, in parallel with the influence of classical risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Different Impacts of Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Oxidative Stress
International Journal of …, 2011
The objective of the study was to evaluate oxidative stress (OS) status in subjects with different cardiovascular risk factors. With this in mind, we have studied three models of high cardiovascular risk: hypertension (HT) with and without metabolic syndrome, familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) with and without insulin resistance. Oxidative stress markers (oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio, 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehide) together with the activity of antioxidant enzyme triad (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and activation of both pro-oxidant enzyme (NAPDH oxidase components) and AGTR1 genes, as well as antioxidant enzyme genes (CuZn-SOD, CAT, GPX1, GSR, GSS and TXN) were
Study of Some Markers of Oxidative Stress Statues in Cardiovascular Disease Patients
Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science, 2015
The oxidative stress is one of the main cause for cardiovascular diseases and also one of the results of these diseases, its development. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between of some oxidative stress markers and cardiovascular diseases. This study involved 84 samples matched ages and sex divided into groups; 28 samples cardiovascular and 28 hypertensive in addition to 28 healthy control group. The following analysis were done: lipid profile, malondialdehyde (MDA), and albumin. The results show there is a significant increase in lipid profile between each group and control group. MDA was significantly higher in patients compared to controls whereas no significant difference was found in albumin between patient and control groups. The increase in MDA which is a product of lipid peroxidation is attributed to destruction in body cell caused by free radicals and resulting oxidative stress. It has been concluded that the assessing the lipid ratios is important even in a normal individual as it is one of the factors for development of cardiovascular diseases and their complications. There is a positive relation between oxidation results from these diseases and their developments.
Study of pro-oxidant status in acute myocardial infarction
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018
Background: Apart from several well documented risk factors; oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction. Our study has been designed to investigate the pro-oxidant status in AMI patients who have no previous history of diabetes, hypertension and habit of smoking.Aims and Objectives: To measure the level of serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) to assess the extent of oxidative damage in recently diagnosed cases of AMI and to look for any correlation between this stress marker and some of the lipid profile markers.Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital with 50 non-diabetic, non-hypertensive, non-smoker AMI patients of either sex as Cases and 50 age and sex matched healthy Controls. The biochemical parameters were measured by validated techniques.Results: Level of serum TBARS (4.78 ± 1.06 nmol/ml) has significantly increased…
Disturbed lipid profile is one of the most important and potent risk factors in ischemic heart disease (IHD). In recent years, it has been demonstrated that raised oxidative stress promotes several undesirable pathways including the formation of oxidised LDL (O-LDL) and oxidized cholesterol which encourages cholesterol accumulation in arterial tissues. We, therefore, aimed to ascertain the redox balance by measuring oxidative stress (OS) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) along with lipid profile to determine their possible association with IHD. Our study group comprised of 28 confirmed cases of IHD. The inclusion criterion was history of chest pain, ischemic changes in the ECG and good left ventricular (LV) function. Patients with diabetes mellitus, poor LV function, previous infarct and valvular heart disease were excluded. Lipid profile, plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), plasma total antioxidant activity (TAA) and urinary TBARS were estimated in these patients by standard procedures and the values were compared with 30 age, sex and socioeconomically matched normal healthy control subjects. Body mass index (BMI) and waist/hip ratio (W/H ratio) was also noted in both the groups. Lipid profile and OS (TBARS levels) were significantly raised in IHD patients. Though statistically not significant but TAA tended to be lower and urinary TBARS levels tended to be higher in patients. BMI, W/H ratio, smoking and alcohol did not show discernible association with lipid profile, OS or TAA. OS is significantly raised in majority of IHD patients. The non association of BMI, W/H ratio, smoking and alcohol with lipid profile, OS and TAA suggest that there are other risk factors which primarily contribute to the initiation and progression of IHD.
Lipid peroxidation the levels of antioxidant enzymes in hypertension
Free Radicals and Antioxidants, 2012
There is substantial evidence that oxidative stress plays a major role in hypertension and subsequently the atherosclerotic process. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of oxidative stress in hypertension. Materials and Methods: The study included 46 hypertensive and 48 control subjects. Superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase activity and malondialdehyde level were measured in serum samples of the participants along with fasting lipid levels. Statistical Analysis Used: All data was entered into an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using standard statistical software like Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Chi square test was used for categorical variables. Results: Serum malondialdehyde level was significantly raised in the study group as compared to control group (p < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase activity, whole blood glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase activity were significantly decreased in all the subgroups of study group as compared to control group (p < 0.05). Cholesterol, low density lipoproteins and triglycerides showed significant rise, whereas high density lipoprotein was decreased as compared to normal. Conclusions: The higher malondialdehyde level and lower activity levels of other antioxidant molecules measured in this study could have resulted from increased free radical generation, which may confirm the presence of oxidative stress in hypertension. However, further elaborate clinical studies are required to evaluate the role of such antioxidant enzymes.
Oxidant–antioxidant Status and Lipid Profile in the Hypertensive Patients
Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, 2009
Background: Hypertension is associated with an elevation of ROS and frequently also with an impairment of endogenous antioxidant mechanisms. Increased level of serum cholesterol, TG, VLDL has been observed in patients with hypertension. It has been shown that oxidized lipoprotein inactivates NO and aggravates hypertension. This study intends to know the association of oxidative stress and lipid profile with hypertensive patients of the Western Nepal.
High oxidative stress in patients with stable coronary heart disease
Atherosclerosis, 2003
Oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) plays a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between oxLDL and other oxidative stress biomarkers with stable coronary heart disease (CHD). We compared the degree of oxidative stress in patients with CHD and sex-matched healthy control subjects in a case-control study. The study included 64 male subjects: 32 patients with stable CHD and 32 normal control subjects. Levels of circulating oxLDL were measured by a monoclonal antibody 4E6-based competition ELISA. Comparison of oxidative stress marker levels between cases and controls, adjusted for age, revealed significantly higher plasma oxLDL levels (63.329/25.49 vs. 37.739/20.58 U/l, P 0/0.001), lower serum levels of autoantibodies against oxLDL (341.539/350.46 vs. 796.459/1034.2 mU/ml, P0/0.021), higher activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase in erythrocytes (9519/70.2 vs. 771.69/191.2 U/g, P 0/0.032) and glutathione peroxidase in whole blood (GSH-Px: 10 714.49/3705.4 vs. 5512.29/1498.1 U/l, P B/0.001). The risk of having CHD was 20.6-fold greater (95% CI, 1.86 Á/228.44, P 0/0.014) in the highest tertile of the oxLDL distribution than in the lowest, determined by logistic regression analysis on the combined study population after adjustment for age and other potential confounding factors. When the risk associated with GSH-Px levels was calculated, the odds ratio was 305.3 (95% CI, 5.07 Á/18369.95, P0/0.006) in the highest tertile compared with the lowest. Our results showed that an oxidative stress occurs in patients with CHD despite being clinically stable and under medical treatment. The combination of oxLDL levels and GSH-Px activity may be useful for the identification of patients with stable CHD. # (T. Weinbrenner), mcladellas@imas.imim.es (M. Cladellas), mcovas@imim.es (M. Isabel Covas), mfito@imim.es (M. Fitó), mtomas@imim.es (M. Tomás), msenti@imim.es (M. Sentí), jbruguera@imas.imim.es (J. Bruguera), jmarrugat@imim.es (J. Marrugat). 1 SOLOS (Spanish Olive Oil Study) investigators: