Gahai Agropolitan Project in Eradicating Poverty: Multidimensional Poverty Index (original) (raw)
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The Role of Agropolitan Project in Eradicating Poverty: Multidimensional Poverty Index
2018
Objective: This study aims to measure the poverty rate of the participants of the Agropolitan Projects by using the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). Methodology: The measurement of MPI used 14 indicators, which covered the dimensions of education, health, living standards, household income, mindset, and environment. This study measured the poverty rate of smallholders within the same area by comparing the poverty levels between the participants and non-participants of this project. This comparison was done as a foundation to expound the effectiveness of Agropolitan Projects in eradicating poverty. The number of samples for the study consisted of 45 participants from the Gahai Agropolitan Project, Lipis and 45 rubber smallholders in Lipis, Pahang, Malaysia. Results: The findings showed that all household members of the participants from the Gahai Agropolitan Project, Lipis were free from multidimensional poverty. The MPI also shows that 2.91% of household members of rubber smallholders in Lipis were categorised as multidimensional poor. This study proved that the Gahai Agropolitan Project was able to eradicate multidimensional poverty among the participants within the project. Implication: MPI is a comprehensive method in measuring the poverty level, which can help the policymakers to outline an effective poverty eradication programme based on the perspective of multidimensional poverty index.
PLANNING AND JOURNALING THE AGROPOLITAN PROJECT: A FOCUS ON INCOME ANALYSIS FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Although Malaysias poverty rate has decreased, there are still people who suffer from extreme poverty, especially in rural areas. The agropolitan project under the Rural Mega Leap Program (PLMLB) is a program aimed at eradicating extreme poverty and expediting progress in rural regions. The achievements of agropolitan projects are evaluated through the extent to which they help participants to get out of extreme poverty and are measured using Poverty Line Income (PGK). However, PGK only takes into account income and consumption and does not take into account non-monetary aspects such as living conditions, basic facilities and so on. Therefore, this research intends to examinethe effects of the implementationof this project on the participants in eradicating poverty and towards a sustainable livelihood. Multidimensional Poverty Index (IKPD) is used to measure poverty in this study along with its applicationof PGK. A study using the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (KPL), was conducted at the Gahai Agropolitan Project in Lipis, Pahang, involved 45 participants. Research data was obtained through the distribution of questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 22 software and Microsoft Excel. Studies show that theproposed project is useful to eradicating poverty and contributing to sustainable livelihoods. Calculation of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (IKPD) shows that the individuals involved are not subjected to multidimensional poverty.In addition, the participants are also exempted from extreme poverty and experience increased income within five years of participating in the Gahai Agropolitan Project. From the aspect of sustainable living, the results of the study show that the participants experience high vulnerability. Analysis of asset ownership shows that the participants of theAgropolitan Project have good asset ownership. Analysis of the regression model of income determinants for the participants demonstrate that financial assets are an important factor affecting income. According to the findings of this study, there are several recommendations for policy implications to evaluate participants or non-participants of agropolitan projects, which is to consider the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (KPL) in rural development and use the Multidimensional Poverty Index (IKPD) as a complement to the PGK.
The issue of poverty is a major problem that has always been given attention in the development of any country in the world. In Malaysia, a variety of measures have been implemented to address the issue of poverty since the country's independence. One strategy adopted is the implementation of the Rural Quantum Leap Programme known as Agropolitan development. The focus of this paper is to impress on the development approach regarding the implementation of the programme by two (2) main implementing agency namely the Ministry of Rural and Regional Development (KKLW) and ECERDC and evaluate the effectiveness of this program of eradicating extreme poverty in the study area. Studies have been made on site in April to June 2012 over two (2) of the projects under the ministry, which is located in Pekan, Pahang and Pulau Banggi, Sabah, and two (2) projects under ECERDC in Tanjung Gahai-Runcang in Pahang and in Gua Musang, Kelantan. A total of 661 participants have been interviewed alongside all implementing agencies. The study found that although there are differences in the approaches by both implementing agencies from various angles, but the result has been an increase in economic status and lifestyle transformation of the participants in the four study areas. The programme has led to improved agricultural productivity and sales through growth of light-medium scale processing base. Agropolitan program implemented have also led to efforts to promote the diversification of economic activities in the market. However, the study found a lack of support activities in the vicinity of the projects which involve the grassroots community. Instead, economic activity is fully driven by the implementing agencies. The economic value that arises is based on wages system that the agency gives to participants either in the form of monthly salary or the distribution system. Farmers cannot freely choose buyers because it has been arranged by the implementing agricultural project. This shows that the dependence of the participants to the implementing agencies is high and thus hinder the speedy achievement of the agropolitant programme's goals and abjectives. At the end of the study, several measures towards the better implementation of the programme are highlighted so that it becomes more meaningful and able to contribute more effectively to achieving the government's goal of eradicating extreme poverty in the rural population.
Poverty Approach and How to Reduce it with an Agropolitan Program in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development
This study aimed to explain the conditions of poverty in Gorontalo Province, Sulawesi, Indonesia, to identify the causes of poverty in the province, and then to propose efforts to reduce this poverty. Data related to human and economic resources were used in the analysis. The condition of poverty was seen through the DPSIR approach, which consists of the driver (D), pressure (P), state (S), impact (I), and response (R). Poverty in Gorontalo Province could be reduced by utilizing the occupation that dominates the population, which is in agriculture sector. Therefore, developing an agropolitan system is a solution. In the first stage, the location quotient (LQ), shift share (SS), and Klassen typology methods were used to determine regencies or cities that have the potential to develop an agropolitan system. The results of the analysis showed that there were two districts that have the potential to develop agropolitan systems, namely Pohuwato Regency and Gorontalo Regency. Efforts to r...
Eradication of poverty is the main agenda of the country since independence (1957) and a main trust of the New Economic Policy (NEP) when it was introduced in 1970. As a result, Malaysia has been able to achieve the goal of reducing poverty, from 52.4% in 1970 to 1.7% in the year 2012. This study examines the impact of non-farm income on poverty and its effect on the time taken to attain relief from poverty. Face-to-face interviews with 220 households of farmers in the Area of Integrated Agricultural Develoment (IADA) in Samarahan, Sarawak were conducted from December 2005 to February 2006. The objective was to investigate the effect of non-farm income on poverty and to measure the length of time out taken for farmers to emerge out of poverty. The analysis on poverty measurement was done using FGT indices as proposed by Foster, Greer and Thorbeck; and the index introduced by Murdoch was also employed in this study. The result showed that non-farm income reduced poverty by 47.06%, while the poverty gap declined by 58.67% and the intensity of poverty (severity of poverty) decreased by 80.69%. The time required to break away from poverty for poor and hard-core poor farmer households with non-farm income were 8.16 years, respectively compared with 11.49 years for poor and 8.67 years for hard-core poor farmers without non-farm income. This proved that non-farm income sources were essential in reducing the transition period from poverty reduction to poverty relief for farmers in the IADA.
Agropolitan Project: Role in Rural Development and Poverty Eradication
Agricultural Economics [Working Title], 2020
Theoretical discussions on vicious cycle of poverty shows poverty is a societal problem involving various factors and difficult to overcome. Hence, the efforts to resolve it are necessary as it gives negative impression to society and country. In Malaysia, poverty rate in rural areas remain higher than in urban areas. The situation has prompted the government to focus its efforts to eradicate poverty in the rural area. The Agropolitan project is an incentive by Malaysian government, introduced in 2007 to eradicate poverty in rural areas by increasing the income of participants. This chapter will consider the Agropolitan Project of Gahai, Malaysia as a case study. Discussion of the case study for Agropolitan Gahai Project has shown how its implementation can contribute to the alleviation through increasing income of participants whereby participants were not categorized poor and helped them move out of the vicious cycle of poverty.
2015
Eradication of poverty is the main agenda of the country since independence (1957) and a main thrust of the New Economic Policy (NEP) when it was introduced in 1970. As a result, Malaysia has been able to achieve the goal of reducing poverty, from 52.4% in 1970 to 1.7% in the year 2012. This study examines the impact of non-farm income on poverty and its effect on the time taken to attain relief from poverty. Face-to-face interviews with 220 households of farmers in the Area of Integrated Agricultural Development (IADA) in Samarahan, Sarawak were conducted from December 2005 to February 2006. The objective was to investigate the effect of non-farm income on poverty and to measure the length of time out taken for farmers to emerge out of poverty. The analysis on poverty measurement was done using FGT indices as proposed by Foster, Greer and Thorbecke; and the index introduced by Murdoch was also employed in this study. The results showed that non-farm income reduced poverty by 47.06%...
Multidimensional Poverty Index in Agricultural Households in Indonesia.pdf
POVERTY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION CONFERENCE , 2016
Poverty is one of the central issues in the development program of Indonesia. In 2014, more than 27 million people in Indonesia live in poverty and over than 60 per cent of them lived in rural areas which heavily rely on the agriculture sector as their livelihood (BPS-Statistics Indonesia, 2014). This fact confirms that poverty eradication in agriculture is the key factor in reducing poverty in Indonesia. Data and information about poverty are really needed in the fight against poverty. However, the formal poverty data that available counts only direct monetary income and neglects other qualitative dimensions of poverty like health and education. Therefore, researchers are interested in measuring the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) in an agricultural household in Indonesia. This research used secondary data from the latest 2014 National Social Economic Survey of Indonesia (SUSENAS 2014). The total number of sample in this research was 285,400 household. The measurement of MPI was conducted exploratory by factor analysis. Data was entered and analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) computer program. The analysis was performed on the 33 provinces in Indonesia. Based on the result of the analysis, we found that, in term of multidimensional poverty, poverty in Indonesia is also an agricultural phenomenon. Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) in an agricultural household in Indonesia was 0.30 and much higher than MPI in a non-agriculture sector that was only 0.11. More than 60 per cent of people in the agricultural household were considered as poor multidimensionality. The intensity of poverty in agriculture household was 0.50. It is also much higher than the intensity of poverty in non-agricultural sector and intensity of poverty in total that was 0.45 and 0.48, respectively. Therefore, we conclude that any effort to address poverty must consider the central place of agriculture in Indonesia. Besides, poverty reduction must not only focus on improving the income of farmers but also on boosting the capability (level of health and education) of poor people.