Agropolitan Project: Role in Rural Development and Poverty Eradication (original) (raw)
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The issue of poverty is a major problem that has always been given attention in the development of any country in the world. In Malaysia, a variety of measures have been implemented to address the issue of poverty since the country's independence. One strategy adopted is the implementation of the Rural Quantum Leap Programme known as Agropolitan development. The focus of this paper is to impress on the development approach regarding the implementation of the programme by two (2) main implementing agency namely the Ministry of Rural and Regional Development (KKLW) and ECERDC and evaluate the effectiveness of this program of eradicating extreme poverty in the study area. Studies have been made on site in April to June 2012 over two (2) of the projects under the ministry, which is located in Pekan, Pahang and Pulau Banggi, Sabah, and two (2) projects under ECERDC in Tanjung Gahai-Runcang in Pahang and in Gua Musang, Kelantan. A total of 661 participants have been interviewed alongside all implementing agencies. The study found that although there are differences in the approaches by both implementing agencies from various angles, but the result has been an increase in economic status and lifestyle transformation of the participants in the four study areas. The programme has led to improved agricultural productivity and sales through growth of light-medium scale processing base. Agropolitan program implemented have also led to efforts to promote the diversification of economic activities in the market. However, the study found a lack of support activities in the vicinity of the projects which involve the grassroots community. Instead, economic activity is fully driven by the implementing agencies. The economic value that arises is based on wages system that the agency gives to participants either in the form of monthly salary or the distribution system. Farmers cannot freely choose buyers because it has been arranged by the implementing agricultural project. This shows that the dependence of the participants to the implementing agencies is high and thus hinder the speedy achievement of the agropolitant programme's goals and abjectives. At the end of the study, several measures towards the better implementation of the programme are highlighted so that it becomes more meaningful and able to contribute more effectively to achieving the government's goal of eradicating extreme poverty in the rural population.
The Role of Agropolitan Project in Eradicating Poverty: Multidimensional Poverty Index
2018
Objective: This study aims to measure the poverty rate of the participants of the Agropolitan Projects by using the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). Methodology: The measurement of MPI used 14 indicators, which covered the dimensions of education, health, living standards, household income, mindset, and environment. This study measured the poverty rate of smallholders within the same area by comparing the poverty levels between the participants and non-participants of this project. This comparison was done as a foundation to expound the effectiveness of Agropolitan Projects in eradicating poverty. The number of samples for the study consisted of 45 participants from the Gahai Agropolitan Project, Lipis and 45 rubber smallholders in Lipis, Pahang, Malaysia. Results: The findings showed that all household members of the participants from the Gahai Agropolitan Project, Lipis were free from multidimensional poverty. The MPI also shows that 2.91% of household members of rubber smallholders in Lipis were categorised as multidimensional poor. This study proved that the Gahai Agropolitan Project was able to eradicate multidimensional poverty among the participants within the project. Implication: MPI is a comprehensive method in measuring the poverty level, which can help the policymakers to outline an effective poverty eradication programme based on the perspective of multidimensional poverty index.
Gahai Agropolitan Project in Eradicating Poverty: Multidimensional Poverty Index
PLANNING MALAYSIA JOURNAL, 2018
The planning and development of Agropolitan Project in Malaysia began in 2007 and was aimed at eradicating extreme poverty in Malaysia. This study aims to discuss the design and construction of Agropolitan Project in eradicating extreme poverty among its participants. This study uses the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) found in the 11th Malaysian Plan, which includes the dimension of education, health, living standards, and earning. In addition, this study utilizes a survey involving 45 participants of an agropolitan project from Gahai, Lipis,Pahang. The result shows that only 5 of the respondents fall into the multidimensional poverty category, which involves 11.9 percent of the household members. The result of this study shows that the planning and development of Gahai Agropolitan Project, Lipis has succeeded in eradicating extreme poverty among the project participants. Deprivation faced by the respondents based on the MPI analysis can help policy makers in the design and co...
PLANNING AND JOURNALING THE AGROPOLITAN PROJECT: A FOCUS ON INCOME ANALYSIS FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION
International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2024
Although Malaysias poverty rate has decreased, there are still people who suffer from extreme poverty, especially in rural areas. The agropolitan project under the Rural Mega Leap Program (PLMLB) is a program aimed at eradicating extreme poverty and expediting progress in rural regions. The achievements of agropolitan projects are evaluated through the extent to which they help participants to get out of extreme poverty and are measured using Poverty Line Income (PGK). However, PGK only takes into account income and consumption and does not take into account non-monetary aspects such as living conditions, basic facilities and so on. Therefore, this research intends to examinethe effects of the implementationof this project on the participants in eradicating poverty and towards a sustainable livelihood. Multidimensional Poverty Index (IKPD) is used to measure poverty in this study along with its applicationof PGK. A study using the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (KPL), was conducted at the Gahai Agropolitan Project in Lipis, Pahang, involved 45 participants. Research data was obtained through the distribution of questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 22 software and Microsoft Excel. Studies show that theproposed project is useful to eradicating poverty and contributing to sustainable livelihoods. Calculation of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (IKPD) shows that the individuals involved are not subjected to multidimensional poverty.In addition, the participants are also exempted from extreme poverty and experience increased income within five years of participating in the Gahai Agropolitan Project. From the aspect of sustainable living, the results of the study show that the participants experience high vulnerability. Analysis of asset ownership shows that the participants of theAgropolitan Project have good asset ownership. Analysis of the regression model of income determinants for the participants demonstrate that financial assets are an important factor affecting income. According to the findings of this study, there are several recommendations for policy implications to evaluate participants or non-participants of agropolitan projects, which is to consider the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (KPL) in rural development and use the Multidimensional Poverty Index (IKPD) as a complement to the PGK.
Poverty Approach and How to Reduce it with an Agropolitan Program in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development
This study aimed to explain the conditions of poverty in Gorontalo Province, Sulawesi, Indonesia, to identify the causes of poverty in the province, and then to propose efforts to reduce this poverty. Data related to human and economic resources were used in the analysis. The condition of poverty was seen through the DPSIR approach, which consists of the driver (D), pressure (P), state (S), impact (I), and response (R). Poverty in Gorontalo Province could be reduced by utilizing the occupation that dominates the population, which is in agriculture sector. Therefore, developing an agropolitan system is a solution. In the first stage, the location quotient (LQ), shift share (SS), and Klassen typology methods were used to determine regencies or cities that have the potential to develop an agropolitan system. The results of the analysis showed that there were two districts that have the potential to develop agropolitan systems, namely Pohuwato Regency and Gorontalo Regency. Efforts to r...
Rural transformation: a lesson learned from agropolitan development programs in Malaysia
2014
Since last decades, the Malaysian government has applied a commendable path in transforming its socio-economic landscape and the lives of the locals, in line with its vision to become a developed region by 2020. The paper explores rural transformation implementation by presenting the socio-economic development parameters of rural poor based on agropolitan project in the East Coast Economic Region (ECER) of Malaysian Peninsula. This agropolitan project is aimed to boost positive socio-economic alteration among the poor people through commercial-agriculture related activities. The case of this research are two agropolitan projects located at Batu 8 Lepar and Runchang located in Pekan, Pahang and one agropolitan project in South Kelantan located at Gua Musang. The research conducted, aimed to explore incomes achievement and three nexus of agropolitan development goals based on economic-physical-human development accomplishment. As many as 254 agropolitan participants were selected as r...