Burden of Moderate and Severe Head Injury in Kashmir Valley (original) (raw)
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The profile of head injuries and traumatic brain injury deaths in Kashmir
This study was conducted on patients of head injury admitted through Accident & Emergency Department of Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences during the year 2004 to determine the number of head injury patients, nature of head injuries, condition at presentation, treatment given in hospital and the outcome of intervention. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) deaths were also studied retrospectively for a period of eight years (1996 to 2003).
A STUDY OF HEAD INJURY PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF TRIPURA, INDIA.
Background: India has the rather unenviable distinction of having the highest rate of head injury in the world. In India, more than 100,000 lives are lost every year with over 1 million suffering from serious head injuries. In India, 1 out of 6 trauma victims die, while in the United States this figure is 1 out of 200. This seemingly unbreachable gap speaks volumes of the perfected trauma management procedures in US and their near absence in India. The global incidence rate of traumatic head injury is estimated at 200 per 100 000 people per year; however, this rate is uncertain and a likely underestimate. Traumatic brain injury according to the World Health Organization, will surpass many diseases as the major cause of death and disability by the year 2020. With an estimated 10 million people affected annually by traumatic head injury, the burden of mortality and morbidity that this condition imposes on society, makes traumatic head injury a pressing public health and medical problem. Methods: Hospital based Cross Sectional study. Results: Road Traffic Accident(RTA) was found to be the leading (65.7%) cause of traumatic brain injury mostly in the age group of 21-30 years of age. However, in case of age group 1-10 years, fall was found to be the most common factor. Injuries ranged from scalp hematoma (75%) cases followed by cerebral contusions in 26.3%. Conclusion: Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) was the most common cause of head injury, with most common affected group being the young adult males. As much as 40% of these injuries were found to be in urgent need of medical attention.
Pattern of head injury in central India population
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2017
Background: In India, the developing economy and growing population simultaneously made a strong impact on increase in motor vehicle population. This increase in motorization has some adverse effects such as increase in road accidents with economic and functional loss. Head injury is the most common cause of mortality in road traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to know the incidence, pattern, mechanism, mode of head injury along with its distribution in relation to site of vault fracture and intracranial hemorrhage.Methods: Total 391 post-mortem cases of head injury were enrolled during study period. The information regarding age, sex, residence, marital status, date and time of time of accident and of death was gathered from police inquest report, relatives, dead body challan and clinical details from hospital records. During autopsy, detailed examination was carried out and data regarding both external and internal injuries were carefully recorded and analyzed.Results: Th...
IP innovative publication pvt. ltd, 2019
Introduction: Traumatic brain injuries represent 12% global burden of disease and main cause of death among 1-40 year old. Though some studies have described about traumatic brain injuries in India, very limited information is available from central part of India Aims and objectives: To evaluate the incidence, Mode, severity, 128 Slice Computed tomography scan findings, and clinical outcome of head injuries at central part of India (Haroti area of Rajasthan and Malwa area of Madhya Pradesh). Materials and Methods: For the study 800 patient’s of Traumatic head injuries that admitted between April 2018-march 2019 in Jhalawar medical College Jhalawar Rajasthan India were included. Their medical records were reviewed and data on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes analysed. Results: Among 800 patient’s of head injuries, median age was 28 year (range 1-90 years) Road traffic accident (60%) was most common mode of injuries followed by accidental fall from height (25%). Cerebral contusion (16%) was most common finding on 128 slice Computed tomography scan followed by acute subdural hematoma (11%) and skull bones fracture (10%). Good recovery (independent for day to day activities) was seen in 70%, mild disability was seen in 27%, severe disability in 3% and persistent vegetative state seen in 1% patient’s. Conclusion: Road traffic accident are the most common cause of traumatic head injuries in central part of India and mainly occurs in young productive age groups. At least 10% mortality or severe disability occurred in Traumatic head injury patients. Knowledge about epidemiology, etiology, clinical outcome are extremely helpful for further policy making, research and health management at national level in developing countries. Higher incidence of Post traumatic seizures occurred in severe head injuries (12.5%) followed by Moderate (2%) and least (1%) in mild head injuries patient’s.
New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6, 2021
The present was the prospective study prospective on head injury cases admitted at tertiary care centre. Cases with the history of head injury which are admitted to the hospital are included in this study. The cases which were brought dead and which were having other visceral injury other than brain are excluded from this study. The present study was carried out in the department of Forensic medicine and Toxicology, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur during the period of November 2011 to October 2013. Aim of this study was to asses the age and sex wise distribution of head injury cases, type of skull fracture and intracranial hemorrage, survival time. In the present study 21 to 30 year was the most commonly involved group in which male outnumbered the female. Out of 103 cases, road traffic accident was the most common cause of head injury followed by fall from height and assault. Most of the cases (i.e.61 cases) died during the first 24 hours of admission. Fissured (Li...
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2018
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury is an alarming and rising epidemic disease affecting the majority of population of Indore. A detailed epidemiological study was therefore much needed to analyse its impact on the health of people, availability of health resources and plan future strategies based on them. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of head injury cases admitted at MYH Indore, between January 2011 and December 2013. RESULTS A total of 2822 cases of head Injury were admitted. 1291 patients of head injury were victims of RTA. Of these 51% were occupants of two-wheeler, 31% were of four-wheeler and 18% were pedestrians. The head injury victims between the ages of 21 and 40 years accounted for 46.7% of all. Of the total 2822 patients of head injury, 55.5% patients suffered from mild head injury, while 44.5% patients had moderate-to-severe head injury. 7.8% of mild head injury still needed emergency neurosurgical intervention. In comparison 71% of all patients were having moderate-to-severe head injury, did not need neurosurgical procedure. CONCLUSION The severity of head Injury can be reduced by enforcing existing traffic rules strictly which includes use of helmets for two wheelers, safety seat belts for four wheelers and setting speed limits. This study clearly highlights the fact that even mild head injury patients need observation and may need referral to a suitable neurosurgical centre, whereas majority of patients with moderate-to-severe head injury could also be managed at nearest urban and rural centres with ICU care setup under active supervision of neurosurgeons to optimise their management.
Pattern of head injury cases admitted at tertiary care centre in central India
IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd., 2017
The present was the prospective study prospective on head injury cases admitted at tertiary care centre. Cases with the history of head injury which are admitted to the hospital are included in this study. The cases which were brought dead and which were having other visceral injury other than brain are excluded from this study. The present study was carried out in the department of Forensic medicine and Toxicology, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur during the period of November 2011 to October 2013. In the present study 21 to 30 year was the most commonly involved group in which male outnumbered the female. Out of 103 cases, road traffic accident was the most common cause of head injury followed by fall from height and assault. Most of the cases (i.e., 61 cases) died during the first 24 hours of admission. Fissured (Linear) fracture was the most common type of skull fracture observed in the present study (41.35% cases).Temporal bone was the most common bone involved. Subdural and subarachnoid haemorrhages are the most common type of intracranial haemorrhage observed in the present study.
Clinical profile and management of head injury at tertiary health care center in rural area, India
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2015
Background: Trauma is a major public health issue and head injury is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Head injury is the injury on head with alteration in the level of consciousness with or without vomiting. Alcohol is the major contributing factor causing majority of cases. Methods: This study analyzes the increasing occurrence of head injury in the developing rural area in India. Because of increasing trend of head injury, a total of 100 cases were studied from a period of March 2012 to July 2015. Results: Most of the cases were due to road traffic accident, assault and fall from height with maximum cases in young age group. In our study CT scan was decisive in 43% cases which were operated. The role of paramedical staff taking care at the site of accident and on the way up to hospital causing reduction in the death and disability. For the improvement of outcome there should be easily recognition and prevention of secondary insults and for this CT scan has a decisive and important role. Conclusions: By studying the common causes of head injury, identifying the preventable factors causing mortality and morbidity and explaining the important role of pre hospital management, we would like to conclude how we can prevent the morbidity and mortality and improving the overall outcome of head injury from road traffic accident by early treatment in the tertiary hospital.
The incidence and severity of injury in children hospitalised for traumatic brain injury in Kashmir
Injuries are a focus of public health practice because they pose a serious health threat, occur frequently, and are preventable. They are the neglected epidemic of modern society. 2,18 Head injuries are the most serious and preventable major public health problem and a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in young people and children. In developing countries accident rates are increasing as traffic increases, and they greatly exceed those of Injury, Int. Summary A large number of people experience traumatic brain injury each year, often with severe consequences. This is a public health problem that requires ongoing surveillance to follow trends in the incidence, risk factors, causes, and outcomes of these injuries. In 2003, a prospective study of all children below 15 years admitted to hospitals with a diagnosis of head injury was conducted in the Accident & Emergency Department of Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar (India) to determine the incidence and severity of accidental head injury among children and the circumstances of injury. The highest incidence of head injury was seen at ages 6-10 years. Head injury rates were higher in males than in females. The leading causes include falls and motor vehicle accidents. More than 50% falls occurred in the age group of 4-6 years. Ninety per cent patients, who recovered, were discharged within 16-24 h after admission. Lack of supervision, non-implementation of safety measures and poor implementation of traffic rules leads to many injuries. The ability of the health care system to deal with increasing trauma in Jammu & Kashmir is limited. Nevertheless, prevention can be low cost strategy to overcome this problem. The results of epidemiological studies are affected by factors like demography, geographic region and socioeconomic status. This study emphasizes the need for intensified effort for prevention, minimising risk factors, strict legislative measures, observing traffic rules, implementation of safety measures, establishing appropriate trauma care at district level, adult supervision, and creating awareness. #
Study of cases of head injury in a government hospital in rural Indian setting
International Surgery Journal, 2018
Background: Head injury can be defined as trauma in which the head is struck or moves violently, resulting in transient or permanent alteration of consciousness of an individual. We profiled and analyzed the cases of head injuries reporting to a government hospital a rural Indian setting.Methods: All the patients with history of antecedent head injury were firstly assessed by detailed history, with emphasis on history of unconsciousness/vomiting/convulsions/ENT bleed. Then a thorough clinical examination was undertaken, including Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scoring. Further, all the patients were subjected to CT scan of head for correlation of clinical findings, confirmation of diagnosis, delineation of extent of disease and suitability of operative intervention etc.Results: Majority of the patients belonged to 15-44 years age group (30, 60%) and were males (38, 76%). Road traffic accidents accounted for majority (38, 76%) of the cases. GCS score was found to range between 13-15 (mild)...