Household food insecurity access scale and dietary diversity score as a proxy indicator of nutritional status among people living with HIV/AIDS, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, 2017 (original) (raw)

Performance of individual dietary diversity score to identify malnutrition among patients living with HIV in Ethiopia

Scientific Reports

There is a lack of uniformity in developing and validating indicators of nutritional status among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV). Experiences from low and middle-income countries are scant, and differences in methodological and analytical approaches affect the comparability and generalizability of findings. Therefore, this study investigated the performance of individual diversity score (IDDS) as a proxy indicator of nutritional status among PLHIV. We conducted a facility-based cross-sectional study among 423 PLHIV who were under Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) at clinics in Bahir-Dar, Ethiopia. We collected data on sociodemographic, dietary, clinical, and anthropometric measures. Dietary intake was assessed using 24-Hour dietary recall. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated to assess the nutritional status of study subjects. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the ability of the IDDS and Minimum Dietary Diversity for ...

Household food security and associated factors among Adult people living with HIV/AIDS attending ART clinic in Hospitals of Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia 2018

2019

Objective Food security and adequate nutrition are fundamental to HIV treatment. There is emerging evidence that patients who begin ART without adequate nutrition have lower survival rates. The relationship between HIV epidemic and food security situation in Ethiopia is complex. Hence, it is likely that the epidemic will contribute to worsening widespread food insecurity. The aim of study was to assess the level of food security and associated factors among adult people living with HIV /AIDS attending ART Clinic in Hospitals of Hawassa city Administration 2018. Results: Based on food security assessment core module scale 360 (67.3%) people living with HIV/AIDS were food insecure. People living with HIV/AIDS who disclose HIV status were 3.9 (AOR=3.902, 95% CI (1.238, 12.301) times more likely to be food secured compared with their counterparts. Subjects with Low Dietary diversity were 4.69 times less likely to be food secured than those with high dietary diversity AOR=4.696, 95% CI (...

Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors among HIV Positive Adult Patients Attending Public Health Facilities in Motta Town, East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017

Advances in public health, 2018

Introduction. Dietary diversity is defined as the amount of different food groups or foods that are consumed over a specific reference time. The human immune deficiency virus problem remains one of the main public health challenges, especially in low and middle income countries. Nutrition has been linked to both the transmission of human immune deficiency virus and poor outcomes related to human immune deficiency virus. Objective. To assess dietary diversity and associated factors among human immune deficiency virus positive adult patients in Motta administrative town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017. Methods. A facility based crosssectional study design was conducted on 410 study participants selected using a stratified sampling technique with proportional allocation. The data were collected using semi-structured and pretested questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the number and percentage of the study variables. The bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to identify the independent factors associated with dietary diversity among adult human immune virus (HIV) positive patients. Result. A total of 410 study participants were included in the analysis. Of the total, 121 (29.5%) of adult HIV positive respondents consumed diversified diet with the mean dietary diversity score of 3.2 (SD±1.88). The predominant food item consumed during the study periods was starchy staples (96.1%) and legumes (81.7%). Having means of communication cell phone (mobile phone) [(AOR= 2.13 (1.16, 3.60)], media exposure status in the household [(AOR =1.95 (1.22, 3.11)] and nutrition counselling [(AOR =2.17 (1.09, 4.67)] were significant factors associated with dietary diversified feeding at 95% CI. Conclusion. The study revealed that low dietary diversity score was significant nutritional problem among HIV positive adults in Motta town health facilities. Having mobile cell phone, media exposure status and nutritional counseling were significantly associated with dietary diversity score. Therefore efforts should be strengthened to improve the counseling service at each health institution and encourage the patients to use media for the source of information.

Food access and diet quality independently predict nutritional status among people living with HIV in Uganda

Public Health Nutrition, 2012

ObjectiveAlthough undernutrition is recognized as a risk factor for mortality among people living with HIV (PLWHIV), even among those initiating antiretroviral therapy, few studies have explored the underlying determinants of undernutrition. The objectives of the present study were to: (i) examine the independent association between household food security, individual diet quality and nutritional status; and (ii) determine if any association between food security and nutritional status is mediated through diet quality.DesignCross-sectional baseline survey.SettingGulu and Soroti districts, Uganda.SubjectsNine hundred and two PLWHIV recruited into a study evaluating the impact of a food assistance programme supported by the World Food Programme.ResultsFood security and diet quality were measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and the Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS), respectively. Multivariate regression results demonstrated that HFIAS and IDDS indep...

Undernutrition, Food Insecurity and Associated Factors among Adult HIV Positive people on HAART in Public Health Facility in Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne, Oromia, Ethiopia

2021

Background: Malnutrition is resulted from inequalities in nutrients intake and body demands. People living with Human Immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) are more vulnerable to malnutrition, due to opportunistic infection, metabolic disorder, and increased need of energy during infection. Worldwide, over 800 million people are chronically undernourished. The dual burden in areas of severe food insecurity and Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic are highly contributing to morbidity and mortality of people living with HIV, especially in developing countries particularly Sab- Saharan Africa is considered as home of malnutrition and food insecurity. The major problem of PLHIV in Ethiopia is under nutrition and its complication. Objective: This study aimed to assess magnitude of under nutrition, food insecurity and associated factors among adult clients on ART attending ART clinic, at public health facilities, Oromia regional states central Ethiopia Method: An institution based cross-s...

Food Insecurity and its Associated Factors among People Living with HIV/AIDS Receiving Anti-Retroviral Therapy at Butajira Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences, 2015

Background: Food insecurity and HIV/AIDS are common problems in resource limited setting particularly Sub-Saharan countries. Both are intertwined and worsening one another in a vicious cycle through a mixture of various factors. However, the magnitude of food insecurity and its associated factors among People Living with HIV/AIDS are not well studied in Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of food insecurity and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS receiving HAART. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 338 study subjects were enrolled in the study and systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic, clinical and nutrition related data. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the effect of the various factors on food insecurity. P-value ≤ 0.05 at 95% CI was considered statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of food insecurity among PLWHA receiving HAART at Butajira hospital was 78.1% (95% CI: 73.7%-82.8%). Mild, moderate and severe food insecurity was observed on 4.4%, 32.0% and 41.7% participants respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that living in rural area (AOR=1.94; 95% CI: 1.11, 3.38), low monthly income (AOR=7.80; 95% CI: 7.80 (3.55-17.1) and inadequate household dietary diversity (AOR=14.4; 95% CI: 4.90, 42.6) were significantly associated with food insecurity. Conclusion: Food insecurity is high among PLWHA receiving HAART at Butajira Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. Living in rural area, low monthly income, and inadequate household dietary diversity were the significant factors for food insecurity.

Predictors of Under Nutrition and Its Implication toward HIV Continuum Care among Adult People Living with HIV in Jimma Zone Public Hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia: A Mixed Method Study

Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care, 2020

Objectives: The study aimed to see predictors of undernourished and its implication towards HIV continuum care. Study Design: unmatched case-control study was conducted among 678 individuals in Jimma zone, southwest Ethiopia. Methods: Randomly selected data of 339 PLWHA who had poor nutritional outcomes (cases) and 339 without undernourished (controls) were analyzed. Logistic regression was used to identify forecasters of undernutrition. The quantitative results were supplemented from key informants who work closely on HIV care, then data were coded and analyzed thematically. Results: Rural residence (AOR:1.8; 95% CI: 1.2, 6.4), female (AOR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.1, 4.3), unstable livelihood (AOR: 5.1; 95% CI: 4.2, 19.6), low meal frequency (AOR: 6.6; 95% CI: 5.2, 21.1), less diversified foods (AOR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.2, 14.3), and advanced WHO clinical stage (AOR: 4.3; 95% CI: 3.6, 13.7) and were found to be independent predictors of undernourishment. No social support advanced clinical stage...

Food insecurity and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up receiving anti-retroviral therapy at public hospitals of Wollega zones, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2019

2019

Background : Food insecurity and HIV/AIDS are intertwined in a vicious cycle through nutritional, mental health, and behavioral pathways. Food insecurity is a potentially important barrier to the success of antiretroviral treatment, increased hospitalizations, and higher morbidity among HIV-infected individuals in resource-poor settings particularly in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of food insecurity and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up receiving ART at public hospitals of wollega zone, west Ethiopia. Methods : An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a sample of 428 among people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up receiving anti-retroviral therapy at public hospitals of wollega zones. Data was collected using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and dietary diversity scale by interviewer-administered questionnaires. The data was check...

Measuring Food and Nutrition Security: Tools and Considerations for Use Among People Living with HIV

AIDS and Behavior, 2013

As an increasing number of countries implement integrated food and nutrition security (FNS) and HIV programs, global stakeholders need clarity on how to best measure FNS at the individual and household level. This paper reviews prominent FNS measurement tools, and describes considerations for interpretation in the context of HIV. There exist a range of FNS measurement tools and many have been adapted for use in HIV-endemic settings. Considerations in selecting appropriate tools include subtypes (food sufficiency, dietary diversity and food safety); scope/level of application; and available resources. Tools need to reflect both the needs of PLHIV and affected households and FNS program objectives. Generalized food sufficiency and dietary diversity tools may provide adequate measures of FNS in PLHIV for programmatic applications. Food consumption measurement tools provide further data for clinical or research applications. Measurement of food safety is an important, but underdeveloped aspect of assessment, especially for PLHIV.

Food Access and Diet Quality Are Associated with Quality of Life Outcomes among HIV-Infected Individuals in Uganda

PLoS ONE, 2013

Background: Food insecurity is associated with poor nutritional and clinical outcomes among people living with HIV/AIDS. Few studies investigate the link between food insecurity, dietary diversity and health-related quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS. Objective: We investigated whether household food access and individual dietary diversity are associated with healthrelated quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda. Methods: We surveyed 902 people living with HIV/AIDS and their households from two clinics in Northern Uganda. Healthrelated quality of life outcomes were assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS)-HIV Survey. We performed multivariate regressions to investigate the relationship between health-related quality of life, household food insecurity and individual dietary diversity. Results: People living with HIV/AIDS from severe food insecurity households have mean mental health status scores that are 1.7 points lower (p,.001) and physical health status scores that are 1.5 points lower (p,.01). Individuals with high dietary diversity have mean mental health status scores that were 3.6 points higher (p,.001) and physical health status scores that were 2.8 points higher (p,.05). Conclusions: Food access and diet quality are associated with health-related quality of life and may be considered as part of comprehensive interventions designed to mitigate psychosocial consequences of HIV.