Isolation and Characterization of Bio-Degrading Bacteria from Soil Samples (original) (raw)
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Molecular Characterization of Biodegrading Bacteria from Soil Sample
Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal, 2011
In the present study, a total of four species of biodegrading bacteria namely Bacillus subtilis, Eschericia coli, Staphylococcus aereus and Pseudomonas putida were isolated from soil samples collected from the sites where lead and mercury were discharged. 16s RNA is amplified using Polymerase Chain Reaction and the amplified product was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis and it has been subjected to sequencing and the sequence obtained was compared with the sequence obtained from the nucleotide database of NCBI
Evaluating the Potential of Microorganisms in Bioremediation of Lead Polluted Soil
2020
This study evaluated and compared the abilities of indigenous Bacillus sp. and Micrococcus sp. for treating lead polluted soil. The organisms were inoculated into the contaminated soil samples prepared with the optimum values of screened determinant factors and experimented on 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, and 56 days respectively for lead ion residual concentration using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Bacillus sp. showed greater remediation strength than Micrococcus sp. The results show that Bacillus sp. attenuated the Pb initial concentration from 150.74 mg/kg to control level in 40 days while Micrococcus sp. achieved that in 48 days. The 56th day residual concentrations and removal efficiencies were 81.43 mg/kg and 46% for Bacillus sp., and 86.91 mg/kg and 42.34% for Micrococcus sp. The removal rate was higher for Bacillus sp. (-0.0715 d-1) than for Micrococcus sp. (-0.0744d-1); and the remediation process was transport controlled. This information will be useful for remediation ...
PLOS ONE, 2023
Pollution by lead (Pb) is an environmental and health threat due to the severity of its toxicity. Microbial bioremediation is an eco-friendly technique used to remediate contaminated soils. This present study was used to evaluate the effect of two bacterial strains isolated and identified from Bizerte lagoon: Cupriavidus metallidurans LBJ (C. metallidurans LBJ) and Pseudomonas stutzeri LBR (P. stutzeri LBR) on the rate of depollution of soil contaminated with Pb from Tunisia. To determine this effect, sterile and non-sterile soil was bioaugmented by P. stutzeri LBR and C. metallidurans LBJ strains individually and in a mixture for 25 days at 30˚C. Results showed that the bioaugmentation of the non-sterile soil by the mixture of P. stutzeri LBR and C. metallidurans LBJ strains gave the best rate of reduction of Pb of 71.02%, compared to a rate of 58.07% and 46.47% respectively for bioaugmentation by the bacterial strains individually. In the case of the sterile soil, results showed that the reduction rate of lead was in the order of 66.96% in the case of the mixture of the two bacterial strains compared with 55.66% and 41.86% respectively for the addition of the two strains individually. These results are confirmed by analysis of the leachate from the sterile and non-sterile soil which showed an increase in the mobility and bioavailability of Pb in soil. These promising results offer another perspective for a soil bioremediation bioprocess applying bacterial bioremediation.
Microbial Biomass and Activity in Lead-Contaminated Soil
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1999
Microbial community diversity, potential microbial activity, and metal resistance were determined in three soils whose lead contents ranged from 0.00039 to 48 mmol of Pb kg of soil ؊1 . Biomass levels were directly related to lead content. A molecular analysis of 16S rRNAs suggested that each soil contained a complex, diverse microbial community. A statistical analysis of the phospholipid fatty acids indicated that the community in the soil having the highest lead content was not related to the communities in the other soils. All of the soils contained active microbial populations that mineralized [ 14 C]glucose. In all samples, 10 to 15% of the total culturable bacteria were Pb resistant and had MIC of Pb for growth of 100 to 150 M.
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2016
A total of 422 bacterial isolates were obtained from the lead (Pb) ore in northeastern Iran. The Pb tolerances of these strains were studied using microbroth serial dilution approach and 35 strains could grow up to 3250 ppm Pb concentration. Of these strains, 10 of them represented qualitatively high levels of Pb adsorption and were selected for quantitative studies. Strain AS2 which is phylogenetically related to genus Bacillus showed the highest level of Pb remediation. The effects of different factors, including pH, initial Pb concentration, temperature and inoculum size, were studied on the remediation process. Pb remediation capacity was reached at 74.5 mg/g (99.5 % of initial Pb) at pH 4.5, temperature 30°C, inoculum size 1.0 % (v/v) and an initial Pb concentration of 500 ppm after 24 h. Pb desorption capacity of strain was 66 %. The novel isolate could remove 98 % of Pb from the contaminated industrial wastes after 24 h. Pb uptaking to the cell surface was proven using scanning electron microscopic micrograph and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. Most Pb removal efficiency was observed in the active cell culture as compared to the inactive cell and extracellular polymeric substances. The novel strain represents a good candidate for removal of environmental anthropogenic Pb pollutions.
Soil, the basic resource for the life on earth is getting polluted because of the release of different contaminants into it. So, the reduction of soil pollution is the main thrust of most researchers. The contaminants include different components released from different industries and the waste is getting accumulated in the soil because of improper processing. Electronic waste is the most up growing waste in the world. As the electronic industries are progressing the waste that is produced after the usage of the products is also increasing day by day. As a result, the heavy metals which are the main components in electronic goods leach and accumulate in the soil because of informal processing procedures. Poisonous substances such as lead, tin, mercury, cadmium and barium which are the constituents of the electronic goods get discharged into the environment and cause serious health and pollution problems if the electronic waste is not processed properly. The present study focuses on biosorption of lead, an important component of many electronic goods by Bacillus licheniformis isolated from E-waste dump yard soil in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The adsorption studies were carried out using Atomic adsorption spectrophotometer. The adsorption capability of Bacillus licheniformis with different metal concentrations ranging from 10ppm to 25ppm was analyzed and it was observed that the bacteria could reduce 74.94% of 10ppm, 78.9% of 15ppm, 83% of 20ppm and 89.39% of 25ppm lead from the medium. Temperature has a prominent role in metal adsorption by bacteria. At 31 0 C and 37 0 C the adsorption was high. The % of metal adsorbed at 16 0 C was 30.56%, at 31 0 C (Room Temperature) was 56.54 % at 37 0 C was 58.79% and at 60 0 C it was 36.31%. The present study is proposed to explore bacteria for the determination of their tolerance capacity in and around the areas of Hyderabad where heavy metal ions are leached and observe for their biotransformation capabilities.
International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics
Soil environment is a major sink for a multitude of chemicals and heavy metals, which inevitably leads to environmental contamination problems. Various human activities including agricultural, urban or industrial, or landfilling are major contributors to heavy metal contamination in the environment. Since landfilling is one of the ultimate waste disposal methods, the generation of leachate is inevitable. Leachate from landfill is highly heterogeneous and consist high amount of heavy metal. Subsequent movement of the leachate into the surrounding soil, ground water or surface water could lead to severe pollution problems to and cause toxicity to human and other living organisms. Microorganisms has the ability to solubilize the metals (or increase their bioavailability) via the production of siderophores and adsorb the metals in their biomass on metal-induced outer membrane proteins and by bio precipitation. Therefore this study aimed to remediate heavy metal in leachate contaminated soil from a closed non-sanitary landfill in Kuala Lumpur. Preliminary soil and leachate characterization revealed high amount of metal contaminants as compared to the prescribed limit by local and international standard. Total of eighteen microbes were isolated from the contaminated site and were grouped into two treatments, proteobacteria and non-proteo bacteria. Comparison between the treatments revealed that proteobacteria (Treatment A) were performing higher metal removal activity compared to non-proteobacteria (Treatment B) and control (Treatment C). Out of four metals tested in this study, three of the metals (As (71.86%), Ni (50.8%), Al (87.15%)) were removed significantly by the addition of Treatment A. Highest metal removal rate constant was obtained for Al at 0.02 day-1. Therefore, it can be concluded that the addition of microbes, namely proteobacteria to leachate contaminated soil can remove the heavy metal content at a significant rate.
2020
Pseudomonas aeruginosa was used as a biosorbent for biosorption of lead from heavy metal contaminated gold mining soil of Anka, in Zamfara State. The effects on the degree of biosorption by Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied: these include Contact time, pH, Temperature, Biomass load and Agitation speed. The effects of contact time were studied at 24, 48, and 72h. Results show highest uptake (98.3%) of lead at 48h and the least (97.8%) at 24h. Effect of pH studied at pH 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, with pH 6 recording the highest lead removal of 99.0% while pH 3 recorded the least percentage biosorption. The effect of Temperature was studied at 25, 35, 45, 55, and 65 0 C, the highest percentage biosorption (99.3%) recorded at 55⁰C and the lowest 98.1%) was at both 35 and 45⁰C. Effect of biomass load was studied using different volumes (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5ml) of the innoculum: generally the values obtained did not show variation with change in biomass load. Effect of agitation speed was studied at 2000, 2500, and 3000rpm; the highest lead removal was at 2000 rpm. Biosorption of heavy metals is an excellent technology and represents a potentially cost-effective way for heavy metal decontamination from the environment.
Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology
Excessive lead accumulation is a severe concern for the environment as its toxicity is associated with soil microbial diversity, agricultural production, and human health. Physico-chemical methods of remediation of lead from the existing environment are generally costly and also not efficient due to the production of another form of the toxic compound. Bioremediation has been now considered the most efficient method to remove heavy metals from the surrounding by using microorganisms and plants. Microbes are generally more resistant than any eukaryotic organism and act as a key player in mitigating lead toxicity. The absorption and accumulation of toxic metals by bacteria exhibit many metabolically related and independent processes. Biotransformation, biosorption, precipitation, and encapsulation are the most efficient strategies opted by the microbial system to remediate lead metal from wide sources such as soil, sludge, and wastewaters to clean the environment. Genetically improved bacterial strains have good efficiency and have multiple modes of remediation from soil and other industrial waste. However, environmental biotechnology has not yet explored many aspects of the interaction between metals and microorganisms, and further development and applications are needed to deliver the non-toxic form of lead into the ecosystem. This review also highlights the potential of lead-resistant bacteria used as a biosensor for lead contamination sites.
Lead (Pb) bioaccumulation; genera Bacillus isolate S1 and SS19 as a case study
2017
Lead (Pb) includes a group of large heavy metal in nature was toxic either on animal or human and did not provide an advantage function biologically. Bacillus isolates S1 and SS19 known resistant to lead up to 50 mg / L PbCl2. In this research will be examined whether genera Bacillus isolates S1 and SS19 could accumulate metal lead (Pb), their capability in accumulating and profile protein differences when the bacteria genera Bacillus isolates S1 and SS19 get exposed metal lead (Pb). Inoculum at age ± 9 hours are used, with a Nutrient Broth (NB) containing 50, 75 and 100 mg / L PbCl2. Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP) used to assessed Pb2+ concentrations. Bioaccumulation levels of Pb2+ by Bacillus isolate S1 and SS19 related to the distinction of beginning concentration to the final concentration. Bacillus isolate S1 achieved 53% and 51% bioaccumulation efficiency rate in lead presence concentration (75 and 100 mg/L) and 51% (50 mg/L). Another way Bacillu...