Quantum-Mechanical Monopoles (original) (raw)
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New symmetries in microphysics, new stable forms of matter around us
2006
Extension of particle symmetry implies new conserved charges and the lightest particles, possessing such charges, should be stable. Created in early Universe, stable charged heavy leptons and quarks can exist and, hidden in elusive atoms bound by Coulomb attraction, can play the role of dark matter. The problem of this scenario is that in the expanding Universe it is not possible to recombine all the charged particles into elusive "atoms", and positively charged particles, which escape such recombination, bind with electrons in atoms of anomalous isotopes with pregalactic abundance, generally exceeding terrestrial upper limits. Realistic scenarios of composite dark matter, avoiding this problem of anomalous isotope over-production, inevitably predict the existence of primordial "atoms", in which primordial helium traps all the free negatively charged heavy constituents with charge -2. Study of the possibility for such primordial heavy alpha-particle with compensated charge to exist as well as the search for the stable charged constituents in cosmic rays and accelerators provide crucial test for the new forms of stable matter.
2014
Scientists have identified a sub-atomic particle that could have formed the "dark matter" in the Universe during the Big Bang. [20] Physicists at the University of California, Davis are taking the temperature of dark matter, the mysterious substance that makes up about a quarter of our universe. [19] According to a new study, they could also potentially detect dark matter, if dark matter is composed of a particular kind of particle called a "dark photon." [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called "dark photons" in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron-proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
The Dark Matter Electron In Ferent Quantum Gravity: “The Dark Matter electron is the Dark Matter inside the electron” Adrian Ferent “Between the Ferent time t = 1.294 × 10^(-86) s and the Planck time t = 5.391 × 10^(=44) s were created the Dark Matter electrons” Adrian Ferent “When the photons were created, the photons with the energy 0.5 MeV and the Dark Matter electrons created the electrons” Adrian Ferent “The electron is a photon around Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “The high energy Gravitons emitted by Dark Matter keep the photon inside the electron” Adrian Ferent “The Spin of the electron is the Orbital angular momentum of the photon within the electron” Adrian Ferent “The energy of the photon inside the electron is around 0.5 MeV” Adrian Ferent “The electron is a photon around Dark Matter and interacts with photons, because the electric fields satisfy the superposition principle” Adrian Ferent “The electron has an electric field due to the photon inside the electron” Adrian Ferent “Due to the photon inside the electron, the electron interacts with the electromagnetic field” Adrian Ferent “The photon inside the electron is the charge, is the electric field inside a volume equivalent with the electric field created by an electric charge. An electric field surrounds an electric charge; the same thing inside the electron, the electric field of the photon surrounds the center of the electron. Electric charge doesn't exist, was invented by scientists because they were not capable to explain the electric charge and what is inside the electron!” Adrian Ferent “I calculated the charge created by the photon with f = 10^(20) Hz inside the electron Q = 1.6 × 10(-19) C, the electron charge” Adrian Ferent “Ferent electron and positron collision:” Adrian Ferent “I discovered Dark Matter in electron and positron collision” Adrian Ferent DMe is the Dark Matter inside the electron DMp is the Dark Matter inside the positron “In Ferent Quantum Gravity is important the energies of the Gravitons emitted by Dark Matter, not the Dark Matter mass” Adrian Ferent “Because the elementary particles contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than particles mass, Dark Matter is not detected at CERN” Adrian Ferent “Ferent equation for N elementary particles:” Adrian Ferent “Ferent equation for elementary particle, made of 2 particles, a Matter particle and a Dark Matter particle, is the Unification between Matter and Dark Matter!” Adrian Ferent I discovered during the Big Bang: “Two important walls: The Ferent wall: here at time t = 1.294 × 10(-86) s were created Dark Matter, Dark Photons and Gravitons. The Planck wall: here at time t = 5.391 × 10(-44) s were created Matter and Photons” Adrian Ferent I discovered the equation of the Dark Matter universe: “In our Universe at Ferent wall emerged the Dark Matter universe, at Planck wall emerged the Matter universe and at Spiritual wall emerged the Spiritual universe.” Adrian Ferent “I discovered that: a < h < s” Adrian Ferent “Ferent equation of the material and spiritual Universe:” Adrian Ferent Where: Ψ – the wave function of the Universe, material and spiritual m1i – the mass of Matter elementary particle i m2j – the mass of Dark Matter elementary particle j m3k – the mass of Spiritual Matter elementary particle k r1N – the position of Matter elementary particle N r2M – the position of Dark Matter elementary particle M r3L – the position of Spiritual Matter elementary particle L The Ferent wall: here at time t = 1.294 × 10^(-86) s were created Dark Matter, Dark Photons and Gravitons. This means: “Between the Ferent time t = 1.294 × 10(-86) s and the Planck time t = 5.391 × 10^(-44) s were created the Dark Matter electrons” Adrian Ferent “When the photons were created, the photons with the energy 0.5 MeV and the Dark Matter electrons created the electrons” Adrian Ferent “The Dark Matter electron is the Dark Matter inside the electron” Adrian Ferent Today all the Nobel Laureates, the greatest scientists, your professors… were not capable to explain Dark Matter, they talk about Transparent matter because they can not see Dark Matter, they talk about Baryonic matter, Non-baryonic matter like axions, they talk about cold, warm or hot Dark Matte, about Spersymmetric Particles as Dark Matter…but NOT BEYOND THE PLANCK WALL. Now they Stole my theory and they went beyond the Planck wall! Before me nobody was able to think what is beyond Planck Wall. 241. I am the first who discovered a Dark Matter particle, the Dark Matter electron 242. I am the first who discovered the Dark Matter electron. The Dark Matter electron is the Dark Matter inside the electron 243. I am the first who discovered that when the photons were created, the photons with the energy 0.5 MeV and the Dark Matter electrons created the electrons 244. I am the first who discovered that between the Ferent time t = 1.294 × 10^(-86) s and the Planck time t = 5.391 × 10^(-44) s were created the Dark Matter electrons
Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Elementary Particles and Forces
2011
Patterns link properties of six quarks and three leptons, the set of fundamental forces, and possible properties of dark matter and dark energy. -Page 2 of 41 possible "charges" (matter and anti-matter) and two possible "parities" (left-handed and righthanded) associated with CPT symmetry. Baryonic matter falls into the "matter plus left-handed" branch. Baryonic matter does not easily detect "stuff" associated with the other three branches. Traversing realm s3/gr leads to a four-fold separation into the four super-ensembles. Baryonic matter falls into the "baryonic-matter plus dark-matter" super-ensemble. Baryonic matter does not easily detect gravitons from the other three super-ensembles. Traversing realm em/gr leads to a six-fold separation into ensembles. Baryonic matter does not easily detect photons from other ensembles. Traversing realm wk/em involves no split. Spin becomes a key property. Traversing realm st/wk, one finds that the strong interaction pertains to quarks but not to leptons. The basic mass interaction enables the s4 and gr interactions to scale from elementary particles to atoms to astrophysical objects. The basic charge interaction enables the s3 and em interactions to scale from elementary particles to atoms to astrophysical objects. (Section 7)
Quantum Interference Between Two Atoms
2015
For the first time, physicists have achieved interference between two separate atoms: when sent towards the opposite sides of a semi-transparent mirror, the two atoms always emerge together. This type of experiment, which was carried out with photons around thirty years ago, had so far been impossible to perform with matter, due to the extreme difficulty of creating and manipulating pairs of indistinguishable atoms. [10] The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the relativistic quantum theory. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron-proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Properties of elementary particles, dark matter, and dark energy
This paper discusses physics patterns that associate with properties of objects, elementary particle data, dark matter data, and dark energy phenomena. The patterns also associate with solutions to Diophantine equations that involve s, an integer. Electromagnetic properties (such as charge and magnetic moment) associate with solutions for which |s|=1. Gravitational properties (such as gravitational mass) and inertial properties (such as inertial mass) associate with solutions for which |s|=2. All known elementary particles associate with solutions for which s=0. This paper suggests a new notion – instance – that might pertain regarding the property of charge and a new property – isomer – that might pertain regarding most elementary particles. This paper suggests that nature includes six isomers of most known elementary particles. Five isomers associate with most dark matter. This paper suggests that the notions of instances and isomers help explain data. Possibly explained data include ratios of dark matter effects to ordinary matter effects for some galaxies and other objects. Suggestions regarding dark energy might help resolve tensions regarding the rate of expansion of the universe and regarding large-scale clumpiness. Suggestions regarding dark matter and dark energy might provide insight regarding galaxy formation.
Quantum mechanics of dark matter
Quantum mechanics of dark matter , 2019
Since the beginning of the 30s of the XX century, more and more facts have been accumulated, testifying in favor of the existence of an invisible substance that fills huge areas of outer space and interacts with the gravitational field. One of the most convincing evidence of its existence was the observed rotation curves of galaxies, which showed the presence of a hidden mass, which, according to calculations, is several times greater than all visible baryonic matter in galaxies. This substance is called dark matter. Keywords: Gravity, dark matter, galaxy rotation curve, gravity theory, modified Newtonian dynamics, MOND, Milky Way.
The electromagnetic coupling and the dark side of the Universe
Physics Letters B, 2007
We examine the properties of dark energy and dark matter through the study of the variation of the electromagnetic coupling. For concreteness, we consider the unification model of dark energy and dark matter, the generalized Chaplygin gas model (GCG), characterized by the equation of state p = − A ρ α , where p is the pressure, ρ is the energy density and A and α are positive constants. The coupling of electromagnetism with the GCG's scalar field can give rise to such a variation. We compare our results with experimental data, and find that the degeneracy on parameters α and As, As ≡ A/ρ 1+α ch0 , is considerable. PACS numbers: 98.80.-k,98.80.Cq,12.60.-i
2013
The nonbaryonic dark matter of the Universe is assumed to consist of new stable forms of matter. Their stability reflects symmetry of micro world and mechanisms of its symmetry breaking. Particle candidates for cosmological dark matter are lightest particles that bear new conserved quantum numbers. Dark matter particles may represent ideal gas of non-interacting particles. Self-interacting dark matter weakly or superweakly coupled to ordinary matter is also possible, reflecting nontrivial pattern of particle symmetry in the hidden sector of particle theory. In the early Universe the structure of particle symmetry breaking gives rise to cosmological phase transitions, from which macroscopic cosmological defects or primordial nonlinear structures can be originated. Primordial black holes (PBHs) can be not only a candidate for dark matter, but also represent a universal probe for super-high energy physics in the early Universe. Evaporating PBHs turn to be a source of even superweakly interacting particles, while clouds of massive PBHs can serve as a nonlinear seeds for galaxy formation. The observed broken symmetry of the three known families may provide a simultaneous solution for the problems of the mass of neutrino and strong CP violation in the unique framework of models of horizontal unification. Dark matter candidates can also appear in the new families of quarks and leptons and the existence of new stable charged leptons and quarks is possible, hidden in elusive "dark atoms". Such possibility, strongly restricted by the constraints on anomalous isotopes of light elements, is not excluded in scenarios that predict stable double charged particles. The excessive-2 charged particles are bound in these scenarios with primordial helium in O-helium "atoms", maintaining specific nuclear-interacting form of the dark matter, which may provide an interesting solution for the puzzles of the direct dark matter searches. In the context of cosmoparticle physics, studying fundamental relationship of micro-and macro-worlds, the problem of cosmological dark matter implies cross disciplinary theoretical, experimental and observational studies for its solution.