Specific and selective target detection of supra-genome 21 Mers Salmonella via silicon nanowires biosensor (original) (raw)
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Semiconductor Nanowires Biosensors for Highly Selective and Multiplexed Detection of Biomolecules
Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering, 2018
The surface modification of Nano-structure has allowed specific and selective detection to be made on nano structures devices. Current study, a nanowire was surface engineered with the potential of silicon nanowires biosensors (SiO2) which enhance the biosensor activity especially identifying single-stranded bio-molecular such as E.coli DNA. The device's capabilities were studied based on it response n electrochemical activities of the terminal group of the surface modification agent. NH2-terminated APTES) to provide rigid chemistry between the DNA organic and Si inorganic link of a biomolecule single_stranded ssDNA probe and SiO2_APTES link nanostructure. Thus, the study demonstrates that silicon nanowire sensing capability to discriminate molecular probe to that of molecule target of supra-genome 21 mers salmonella due to sensitive surface chemistries that made distinguishing the two species. The device captured the molecule precisely; the approach took the advantages of strong binding chemistry created between APTES and biomolecule. The results indicated how modifications of the nanowires provide sensing capability with strong surface chemistries that can lead to specific and selective target detection.
Recent Advances in Silicon Nanowire Biosensors: Synthesis Methods, Properties, and Applications
Nanoscale Research Letters, 2016
The application of silicon nanowire (SiNW) biosensor as a subtle, label-free, and electrical tool has been extensively demonstrated by several researchers over the past few decades. Human ability to delicately fabricate and control its chemical configuration, morphology, and arrangement either separately or in combination with other materials as lead to the development of a nanomaterial with specific and efficient electronic and catalytic properties useful in the fields of biological sciences and renewable energy. This review illuminates on the various synthetic methods of SiNW, with its optical and electrical properties that make them one of the most applicable nanomaterials in the field of biomolecule sensing, photoelectrochemical conversion, and diseases diagnostics.
Top-Down Nanofabrication and Characterization of 20 nm Silicon Nanowires for Biosensing Applications
PloS one, 2016
A top-down nanofabrication approach is used to develop silicon nanowires from silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers and involves direct-write electron beam lithography (EBL), inductively coupled plasma-reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) and a size reduction process. To achieve nanometer scale size, the crucial factors contributing to the EBL and size reduction processes are highlighted. The resulting silicon nanowires, which are 20 nm in width and 30 nm in height (with a triangular shape) and have a straight structure over the length of 400 μm, are fabricated precisely at the designed location on the device. The device is applied in biomolecule detection based on the changes in drain current (Ids), electrical resistance and conductance of the silicon nanowires upon hybridization to complementary target deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). In this context, the scaled-down device exhibited superior performances in terms of good specificity and high sensitivity, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 10 f...
Design Considerations of Silicon Nanowire Biosensors
IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2007
Biosensors based on silicon nanowires (Si-NWs) promise highly sensitive dynamic label-free electrical detection of biomolecules. Despite the tremendous potential and promising experimental results, the fundamental mechanism of electrical sensing of biomolecules and the design considerations of NW sensors remain poorly understood. In this paper, we discuss the prospects and challenges of biomolecule detection using Si-NW biosensors as a function of device parameters, fluidic environment, charge polarity of biomolecules, etc., and refer to experimental results in literature to support the nonintuitive predictions wherever possible. Our results indicate that the design of Si nanobiosensor is nontrivial and as such, only careful optimization supported by numerical simulation would ensure optimal sensor performance.
Silicon Nanostructures for Molecular Sensing: A Review
ACS Applied Nano Materials, 2022
This review presents a comprehensive synopsis of the recent developments and achievements in the research of nanosensors composed of plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) and silicon nanostructures (NSs) for effective trace-level molecular detection. This review focuses intensively on the methodologies for the preparation and enforcement of a variety of SiNSs including (a) metal nanoparticles decorated silicon nanowires (NWs), (b) metal nanodendrites (NDs) on Si substrate, (c) plasmonic NPs decorated nanocrystalline porous silicon (pSi), and (d) silicon composed hybrid nanostructures with favorable parameters of importance in sensing. Furthermore, their potency in wide molecular sensing applications, especially chemical, biological, and explosive molecules based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) phenomenon is discussed in detail. Various demonstrations and categorizations are provided on the topic of Si-based NSs for a clear understanding to diverse readers. A roadmap is also provided at the end for achieving superior sensing materials or devices in the future.
Organophosphonate-Based PNA-Functionalization of Silicon Nanowires for Label-Free DNA Detection
ACS Nano, 2008
We investigated hydroxyalkylphosphonate monolayers as a novel platform for the biofunctionalization of silicon-based field effect sensor devices. This included a detailed study of the thin film properties of organophosphonate films on Si substrates using several surface analysis techniques, including AFM, ellipsometry, contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray reflectivity, and current؊voltage characteristics in electrolyte solution. Our results indicate the formation of a dense monolayer on the native silicon oxide that has excellent passivation properties. The monolayer was biofunctionalized with 12 mer peptide nucleic acid (PNA) receptor molecules in a two-step procedure using the heterobifunctional linker, 3-maleimidopropionicacid-N-hydroxysuccinimidester. Successful surface modification with the probe PNA was verified by XPS and contact angle measurements, and hybridization with DNA was determined by fluorescence measurements. Finally, the PNA functionalization protocol was translated to 2 m long, 100 nm wide Si nanowire field effect devices, which were successfully used for label-free DNA/PNA hybridization detection.
This work describes fabrication of a DNA electrochemical sensor utilized of gold nanoparticles/silicon nanowires/indium tin oxide (AuNPs/SiNWs/ITO) as a modified substrate for detection of dengue virus DNA oligomers using methylene blue (MB) as a redox indicator. The response surface methodology (RSM) was applied as one of the advanced optimization methods for fabrication of SiNWs/AuNPs/ITO electrode and immobilization of DNA probes to enhance the sensitivity of DNA detection. Several factors were successfully optimized using RSM, including volume of SiNWs, concentration of dithiopropionic acid (DTPA), volume of AuNPs, DNA probe concentration, and DNA probe immobilization time. RSM approach shows that AuNPs and DNA probe concentration were the prominent factors affecting on the MB current signal and immobilization of DNA probe on AuNPs/SiNWs surface. This new developed sensor was able to discriminate complementary target sequences, noncomplementary and single-base mismatch sequences, for DNA dengue virus detection.
Silicon Nanowire Arrays for Label-Free Detection of DNA
Analytical Chemistry, 2007
Arrays of highly ordered n-type silicon nanowires (SiNW) are fabricated using complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatible technology, and their applications in biosensors are investigated. Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) capture probe-functionalized SiNW arrays show a concentration-dependent resistance change upon hybridization to complementary target DNA that is linear over a large dynamic range with a detection limit of 10 fM. As with other SiNW biosensing devices, the sensing mechanism can be understood in terms of the change in charge density at the SiNW surface after hybridization, the so-called "field effect". The SiNW array biosensor discriminates satisfactorily against mismatched target DNA. It is also able to monitor directly the DNA hybridization event in situ and in real time. The SiNW array biosensor described here is ultrasensitive, non-radioactive, and more importantly, label-free, and is of particular importance to the development of gene expression profiling tools and point-of-care applications.
The label free DNA sensor using a silicon nanowire array
Journal of biotechnology, 2012
Biosensors based on silicon nanowire (Si-NW) promise highly sensitive dynamic label free electrical detection of various biological molecules. Here we report Si-NW array electronic devices that function as sensitive and selective detectors of as synthesized 2D DNA lattices with biotins. The Si-NW array was fabricated using top-down approach consists of 250 nanowires of 20 m in length, equally spaced with an interval of 3.2 m. Measurements of photoresistivity of the Si-NW array device with streptavidin (SA) attached on biotinylated DNA lattices at different concentration were observed and analyzed.. The conductivity in the DNA lattices with protein SA shows significant change in the photoresistivity of Si-NW array device. This Si-NW based DNA sensor would be one of very efficient devices for direct, label free DNA detection and could provide a pathway to immunological assays, DNA forensics and toxin detection in modern biotechnology.
Covalent functionalization and biomolecular recognition properties of DNA-modified silicon nanowires
Nanotechnology, 2005
The direct covalent modification of silicon nanowires with DNA oligonucleotides, and the subsequent hybridization properties of the resulting nanowire-DNA adducts, are described. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and fluorescence imaging techniques have been used to characterize the covalent photochemical functionalization of hydrogen-terminated silicon nanowires grown on SiO 2 substrates and the subsequent chemistry to form covalent adducts with DNA. XPS measurements show that photochemical reaction of H-terminated Si nanowires with alkenes occurs selectively on the nanowires with no significant reaction with the underlying SiO 2 substrate, and that the resulting molecular layers have a packing density identical to that of planar samples. Functionalization with a protected amine followed by deprotection and use of a bifunctional linker yields covalently linked nanowire-DNA adducts. The biomolecular recognition properties of the nanowires were tested via hybridization with fluorescently tagged complementary and non-complementary DNA oligonucleotides, showing good selectivity and reversibility, with no significant non-specific binding to the incorrect sequences or to the underlying SiO 2 substrate. Our results demonstrate that the selective nature of the photochemical functionalization chemistry permits silicon nanowires to be grown, functionalized, and characterized before being released from the underlying SiO 2 substrate. Compared with solution-phase modification, the ability to perform all chemistry and characterization while still attached to the underlying support makes this a convenient route toward fabrication of well characterized, biologically modified silicon nanowires.