Electrospinning of Gelatin Nanofibers: Effect of Gelatin Concentration on Chemical, Morphological and Degradation Characteristics (original) (raw)
Related papers
Crosslinking of the electrospun gelatin nanofibers
Polymer, 2006
Gelatin (Gt) nanofibers have been prepared by using an electrospinning process in a previous study. In order to improve their water-resistant ability and thermomechnical performance for potential biomedical applications, in this article, the electrospun gelatin nanofibers were crosslinked with saturated glutaraldehyde (GTA) vapor at room temperature. An exposure of this nanofibrous material in the GTA vapor for 3 days generated a crosslinking extent sufficient to preserve the fibrous morphology tested by soaking in 37 8C warm water. On the other hand, the crosslinking also led to improved thermostability and substantial enhancement in mechanical properties. The denaturation temperature corresponding to the helix to coil transition of the air-dried samples increased by about 11 8C and the tensile strength and modulus were nearly 10 times higher than those of the as-electrospun gelatin fibers. Furthermore, cytotoxicity was evaluated based on a cell proliferation study by culturing human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) on the crosslinked gelatin fibrous scaffolds for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. It was found cell expansion took place and almost linearly increased during the course of whole period of the cell culture. The initial inhibition of cell expansion on the crosslinked gelatin fibrous substrate suggested some cytotoxic effect of the residual GTA on the cells.
2013
Gelatin, a naturally-occurring biopolymer, was electrospun. It has been recognized that although gelatin can be easily dissolved in water the gelatin / water solution was unable to be electrospun into ultra-fine fibers. Gelatin solutions were prepared in a single solvent system [glacial acetic acid].The electrospinning was carried out under fixed electrostatic field strength of 20 kV/18 cm and the polarity of the emitting electrode was positive. The effects of gelatin concentration on morphology and/or size of the electrospun materials were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrospinning of 30-50% w/v gelatin solutions in acetic acid produced beads, or smooth fibers, depending on the concentration range. Only smooth fibers were observed at the concentration range of 40-50 % w/v, with their diameter ranging between 69-138 nm and 98-345 nm respectively. Further lower or higher concentration was inapplicable in electrospinning at ambient conditions. The gelatin fiber ma...
Fabrication And Characterization Of Gelatin Nanofibers Dissolved In Concentrated Acetic Acid
2017
Electrospinning is a simple, versatile and widely accepted technique to produce ultra-fine fibers ranging from nanometer to micron. Recently there has been great interest in developing this technique to produce nanofibers with novel properties and functionalities. The electrospinning field is extremely broad, and consequently there have been many useful reviews discussing various aspects from detailed fiber formation mechanism to the formation of nanofibers and to discussion on a wide range of applications. On the other hand, the focus of this study is quite narrow, highlighting electrospinning parameters. This work will briefly cover the solution and processing parameters (for instance; concentration, solvent type, voltage, flow rate, distance between the collector and the tip of the needle) impacting the morphological characteristics of nanofibers, such as diameter. In this paper, a comprehensive work would be presented on the research of producing nanofibers from natural polymer ...
Influence of gelatin type on physicochemical properties of electrospun nanofibers
Scientific Reports
This study explores the fabrication of nanofibers using different types of gelatins, including bovine, porcine, and fish gelatins. The gelatins exhibited distinct molecular weights and apparent viscosity values, leading to different entanglement behavior and nanofiber production. The electrospinning technique produced nanofibers with diameters from 47 to 274 nm. The electrospinning process induced conformational changes, reducing the overall crystallinity of the gelatin samples. However, porcine gelatin nanofibers exhibited enhanced molecular ordering. These findings highlight the potential of different gelatin types to produce nanofibers with distinct physicochemical properties. Overall, this study sheds light on the relationship between gelatin properties, electrospinning process conditions, and the resulting nanofiber characteristics, providing insights for tailored applications in various fields.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2015
Gelatin fibers were prepared by electrospinning of gelatin/acetic acid/water ternary mixtures with the aim of studying the feasibility of fabricating gelatin nanofiber mats at room temperature using an alternative benign solvent by significantly reducing the acetic acid concentration. The results showed that gelatin nanofibers can be optimally electrospun with low acetic acid concentration (25% v/v) combined with gelatin concentrations higher than 300 mg/ml. Both gelatin solutions and electrospun gelatin mats (prepared with different acetic acid aqueous solutions) were analyzed by FTIR and DSC techniques in order to determine the chemical and structure changes of the polymer. The electrospun gelatin mats fabricated from solutions with low acetic acid content showed some advantages as the maintenance of the decomposition temperature of the pure gelatin (~230ºC) and the reduction of the acid content on electrospun mats, which allowed to reach a cell viability upper than 90% (analyzed by cell viability test using human dermal fibroblast and embryonic kidney cells). This study has also analyzed the influence of gelatin and acetic acid concentration both on the solution viscosity and the electrospun fiber diameter, obtaining a clear relationship between these parameters.
Optimization of electrospinning parameters and degradation properties for Gelatin/CMC nanofibers
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
This research aimed to enhance strength of Nanofiber like Biopolymer as raw material for characterization which is popularly used in food and cosmetic industry and as medical material because it did not hazardously affect human body. This study employed Nano fiber characterization with Electrospinning Method by using gelatin/CMC, common and inexpensive biopolymer with cellulose that could strengthen Nanofiber.The fabrication of fiber scaffold by electrospinning method produced nano-fiber by dissolving gelatin in organic solvent, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, and dissolving CMC in DI water. The design of experiment was surface responds and 3 factors were analyzed including 1) gelatin concentration varied from 8-12%, CMC concentration in range of 0.6-1.0% and 3) mixture percent of CMC in range of 10-30%. After the test of tension, the highest value was 13.99Mpaderived from gelatin with 10.64% concentration, CMC with 0.81%concentration and mixture of CMC with 17.79% concentration. After that...
Electrospun Gelatin Nanofibres—Fabrication, Cross-linking and Biomedical Applications: A Review
Biomedical Materials & Devices
Nanofibres possess inimitable features which make them promising for varied applications in diverse fields. Electrospinning is the most versatile technique for fabrication of nanofibres. Amongst the potential application areas of nanofibres, biomedical field assumes the first place since the nanofibres, especially, biopolymer-based nanofibres can mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). Gelatin which is derived from collagen is an extensively investigated biomaterial and electrospun gelatin nanofibres hold great promise to be used in tissue engineering, wound healing and drug delivery applications. This article aims to review the important research works pertaining to electrospinning of gelatin and its applications. The article comprehensively discusses the principle and instrumental setup of electrospinning, salient features of electrospinning of gelatin such as suitable solvents and the cross-linking strategies to induce stability and major biomedical applications.
Characterization of gelatin nanofiber prepared from gelatin–formic acid solution
Gelatin, well known as a biocompatible polymer, was dissolved in formic acid and gelatin nanofiber was successfully prepared by the electrospinning using gelatin-formic acid dope solution. Stability of the dope solution was evaluated by measuring viscosity change with time. Even though the viscosity dropped markedly after 5 h, the spinnability and morphology of gelatin nanofiber were not affected at all. The parameters, such as electric field, spinning distance, and concentration of dope solution, were examined for studying the effects on electrospinnability and morphology (size, size distribution, uniformity, bead formation, etc.) of gelatin nanofiber web. The gelatin nanofibers, in the mean size of 70-170 nm, could be prepared by controlling the dope concentration under proper conditions. The electrospun gelatin nanofiber exhibited a mixture of a-helical and random coil conformation, which was amorphous structure with very low crystallinity. The structural transformation, from a helical (a-helix and triple-helix) to random coil conformation, might occur when formic acid was used for the dissolution of gelatin in electrospinning. q Polymer 46 5094-5102 www.elsevier.com/locate/polymer 0032-3861/$ -see front matter q
Acta Biomaterialia, 2011
The development of suitable biomimetic three-dimensional scaffolds is a fundamental requirement of tissue engineering. This paper presents the first successful attempt to obtain electrospun gelatin nanofibers cross-linked with a low toxicity agent, genipin, and able to retain the original nanofiber morphology after water exposure. The optimized procedure involves an electrospinning solution containing 30 wt.% gelatin in 60/40 acetic acid/water (v/v) and a small amount of genipin, followed by further cross-linking of the as-electrospun mats in 5% genipin solution for 7 days, rinsing in phosphate-buffered saline and then air drying at 37°C. The results of scanning electron microscopy investigations indicated that the cross-linked nanofibers were defect free and very regular and they also maintained the original morphology after exposure to water. Genipin addition to the electrospinning solution dramatically reduced the extensibility of the as-electrospun mats, which displayed further remarkable improvements in elastic modulus and stress at break after successive cross-linking up to values of about 990 and 21 MPa, respectively. The results of the preliminary in vitro tests carried out using vascular wall mesenchymal stem cells indicated good cell viability and adhesion to the gelatin scaffolds.
The Review on Electrospun Gelatin Fiber Scaffold
Journal of Research Updates in Polymer Science, 2012
The fabrication of the Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) membrane materials have become the key technique of the tissue engineering scaffold study. The cells adhere well on the fibers whose dimension is below their own so that the porous three dimension scaffold material can mimic the strueture of the natural extracellular matrix better and have the potential to be an ideal GTR membrane material. Gelatin, a kind of protein obtained from hydrolyzed and denatured animal skin, is a condensation polymer of a variety of amino acids and so it is a kind of bio-polymer with good water-solubility. Gelatin fiber mats with submicro and nanometer scale can simulate extracellular matrix structure of the human tissues and organs and can be used widely in the tissue engineering field because of their excellent bio-affinity. Electrospinning is a very attractive method for preparing polymer or composite nanofibers and so electrospinning technique was developed to prepare nanofibrous gelatin matrix. The electrospun of gelatin to fabricate the scaffold material has obtained more attention recently because of its biocompatibility, high surface area-to-volume ratio, degradability and less immunogenic property. The structure and performance of the electrospinning gelatin fiber mats which were manufactured by different solvents, electrospinning process, cross-linking process were reviewed. The properties and application of the two-component and multicomponent gelatin fiber mats were analyzed.