Epidemiology, clinical and cytological features of lymphoma in Boxer dogs (original) (raw)
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Clinical, laboratory, diagnostic and prognostic aspects of canine lymphoma: a retrospective study
Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2009
During the period of 8 years, 120 dogs affected by lymphoma were referred to the veterinary teaching hospital of the University. Canine lymphoma was classified and staged using a standardised diagnostic approach that involved the acquisition of detailed clinical history, physical examination and extended laboratory workup including lymph node cytology. Additionally, immunophenotyping was available in 22 cases. Multicentric lymphoma was the
Successful Medical Management of Lymphoma in Six Dogs
Indian Journal of Animal Research, Volume 58 Issue 2: 276-280 (February), 2024
Background: Lymphoma is considered to be the most common hematopoietic tumor in dogs (83%) having an overall cure rate of less than five percent. Although many chemotherapy protocols have been suggested, doxorubicin based combination protocols are widely associated with long disease free interval and improved duration of survival. Six dogs presented to Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital with clinical signs suggestive of lymphoma were taken up for this study. Methods: The dogs were subjected to detailed clinical examination and dermatological examination. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) samples were taken from the lymph nodes in cases of multicentric lymphoma and from cutaneous nodules in cases of cutaneous lymphoma. Tru-cut biopsy and impression smears were collected from the cutaneous nodules. The FNAC and impression smears revealed pleomorphic lymphocytes suggestive of lymphoma. Ultrasonographic examination of all dog revealed the enlargement of mesenteric lymph nodes and spotted appearance of spleen. Treatment with multi-agent chemotherapeutic protocol (University of Wisconsin-Madison, Lymphoma CHOP-19 protocol) was initiated after confirmative diagnosis. Result: Remissions in clinical signs were noticed within a week of therapy and no evidence of peripheral lymph node enlargement could be appreciated after three weeks of therapy. The diagnostic and management plans were presented and discussed.
The diagnostic assessment of canine lymphoma: implications for treatment
Clinics in laboratory medicine, 2011
Lymphoma in dogs is a heterogeneous cancer with highly variable prognosis. Many types of canine lymphoma have similar counterparts in the World Health Organization classification of human lymphoid tumors. The most common variant of canine lymphoma is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, which, if treated with multiagent chemotherapy, has a survival time of approximately 12 months. T-cell lymphomas are more heterogeneous and high- and low-grade variants are common, which necessitates classification beyond B- versus T-cell lineage.
Veterinary Pathology, 2010
This study reports cytomorphological, histomorphological, and immunological characterization of 608 biopsy cases of canine malignant lymphoma, with epidemiological and clinical data, collected from 7 French veterinary pathology laboratories. It compares morphological characteristics of malignant lymphoma in canines, per the updated Kiel classification system, with those reported in humans, per the World Health Organization (WHO) classification system. Of tumors described, 24.5% and 75.5% were classified as low-and high-grade malignant lymphomas, respectively. Presenting clinical signs included generalized or localized lymphadenopathy (82.4%) and extranodal diseases (17.6%) involving the skin (12.34%) and other sites (5.26%). Immunohistochemistry confirmed 63.8% B-cell (CD3-, CD79aþ), 35.4% T-cell (CD3þ, CD79a-), and 0.8% null-cell (CD3-, CD79a-) lymphomas. Most B-cell cases (38.49%) were of high-grade centroblastic polymorphic subtype; most T-cell cases (8.55%), high-grade pleomorphic mixed and large T-cell lymphoma subtypes. Some B-cell tumors showed morphologic characteristics consistent with follicular lymphomas and marginal zone lymphomas per the Revised European American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms and WHO canine classification systems and the WHO human classification system. Unusual high-grade B-cell subtypes included an atypical high-grade small B-cell lymphoma (0.66%), Burkitt-type B-cell lymphoma (1.64%), plasmacytoid lymphoma (0.99%), and mediastinal anaplastic large B-cell lymphoma (0.16%). Unusual T-cell subtypes included a previously undescribed high-grade canine immunoblastic T-cell type (1.15%), a rare low-grade prolymphocytic T-cell lymphoma (0.16%), and a recently described high-grade canine T-cell entity-aggressive granulocytic large-cell lymphoma (0.16%). Marginal zone lymphomas were common (10.86%); follicular lymphomas were rare (0.49%). Canine primary cutaneous malignant lymphoma subtypes were present (11.84%). There was no significant difference between B-and T-cell malignant lymphoma in regard to canine age and sex. A significant overrepresentation of Boxers (24.19%) was found for T-cell lymphomas.
Veterinaria México OA, 2019
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas are common canine cancers with variable demographic and clinical presentations. Their pathological characterization and treatment lag far behind those of humans. We describe consecutive lymphoma patients detected over a one-year period at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). Of 4,512 dogs: 220 (4.9%) had a cancer diagnosis, of which 27 (0.6%) had lymphoma (12% of cancer patients). We found an association with Miniature Schnauzers, which represented 18.5% (5/27) of lymphoma patients, but it was only 6.4% (288/4,512) of the dogs studied in this time period (p
Lymphoma (malignant lymphoma, lymphosarcoma) in the dog
Journal of Small Animal Practice, 1992
This report describes seven cases of canine lymphoma involving three German shepherd dogs, two boxers and two mongrels with a male to female ratio of 1.3 to 1. Their mean age and bodyweight was four years (range 1.5 to 8) and 31 kg (range 2 1 to 40), respectively. Six of the animals were euthanased at their owner's request and one died. Excessive lymph node enlargement, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, blood lymphocytosis and proteinuria were the most striking clinical and clinicopathological findings. All the cases except one presented systemic signs and three developed secondary leukaemia because of bone marrow involvement. The anatomical types were classified according to the World Health Organization's criteria as thymic (one dog) and generalised (six dogs) and the clinical stage as IV (four dogs) and V (three dogs). Extranodal lymphomas involving the kidneys, meninges and the alimentary tract were seen in two cases. Histologically, the lymphomas were classified as lymphoblastic in four dogs, and in the remaining animals as lymphoblastic with plasmacytoid differentiation, lymphocytic with plasmacytoid differentiation, and poorly differentiated (stem cell) with one type appearing in each dog.
Lymphoma is a malignant clonal expansion of lymphoid cells, and is reported to be one of the most common hematopoietic neoplasms in dogs. The purpose of this study was to perform a survey of lymphomas diagnosed at the Service of Animal Pathology of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1995 to 2009, and determine their morphological subtypes and immunophenotypes. Breed, age and gender were recorded. The canine lymphomas were classified according to the updated Kiel classification, and all the cases were submitted to immunostaining for CD3 and CD79a antibodies to reveal their T or B origin, respectively. In addition, mitotic figures were counted in all samples, in 10 microscopic fields. Mixed breed dogs were the most affected breed (43%), followed by Boxer (14%), German Shepherd (11%), Brazilian terrier (3%), Poodle (3%) and Rottweiler (3%). Other breeds were represented at a rate below 1%. Among the 65 cases of lymphomas, 30 cases were found in females and 35 in males. The mean age was 8.7 years with a range of 5 months to 15 years. The most frequent localization was multicentric lymphadenopathy (37%), followed by extranodal (23%), cutaneous (20%), alimentary tract (18%) and mediastinal site (2%). From 65 canine lymphomas, 55 (85%) had T-cell origin and 10 (15%) had B-cell origin. Among mitotic index, 51% (n=33) of T-cell origin had high mitotic index, 34% (n=22) had a low mitotic index; 9% (n=6) of B-cell origin had high mitotic index and 6% (n=4) had low mitotic index. The most common subtypes were pleomorphic small cell and centroblastic polymorphic type for T-cell lymphoma and B-cell lymphoma, respectively. The 55 T-cell lymphomas were subtyped as: 19 (34%) of pleomorphic small cell, 11 (20%) of cutaneous T cell, high grade, 10 (18%) of lymphoblastic, 4 (7%) of aggressive large granular cell, 3 (5%) of pleomorphic mixed, 2 (4%) of cutaneous T cell, low grade, 2 (4%) of pleomorphic large cell, 2 (4%) of plasmacytoid, 1 (2%) of immunoblastic and 1 (2%) of prolymphocytic. The 10 B-cell lymphomas were subtyped as: 3 (30%) of centroblastic polymorphic, 2 (20%) of Burkitt, 2 (20%) of lymphoplasmacytic, 1 (10%) of anaplastic/mediastinal, 1 (10%) of small lymphocytic and 1 (10%) of prolymphocytic. Our results are in accordance with other studies which state that T-cell lymphomas are the most common in dogs. The possible factors that contribute to the development of lymphomas in dogs remain unknown.
Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2003
The aim of this study was to set out the clinical, morphological and immunophenotypical presentation of 13 cases of canine lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL). LBL were diagnosed in dogs between 1 and 10 years of age, with a median age of 5.34. The male/female ratio was 2.25, compared with a reference population of 1.04, suggesting a possible sex predilection. The most significant clinical data were the presence of a constant lymphadenopathy, either generalised or localised, a mediastinal mass in eight cases, bone marrow involvement in seven cases and hypercalcaemia in four. The morphological presentation was highly characteristic of LBL on the basis of a monotonous proliferation of a majority of medium-sized cells, round or slightly convoluted nuclei with a fine, dusty chromatin, inconspicuous nucleoli, and a small ring of poorly basophilic cytoplasm, with a high mitotic index. All the 13 cases were of T-cell phenotype (CD3 + /CD79a)) with a majority (8/10 cases) of double-positive (CD4 + /CD8 +) or double-negative (CD4) /CD8)) phenotypes. Surprisingly, they were TdT negative, as were the normal canine thymic cells. The median Ki-67 index was 45.4%. Except for TdT expression, canine LBL appeared, on the whole, similar to their human equivalent, allowing their recognition as a distinct entity among canine NHL. Keywords Dogs AE Immunophenotype AE Lymphoblastic lymphoma AE TdT Abbreviations DFST disease-free survival time AE FNA fine-needle aspiration AE LBL lymphoblastic lymphoma AE NHL non-Hodgkin's lymphoma AE PBS phosphatebuffered saline AE TdT terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase
Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A, 2002
Sixty-three dogs with multicentric lymphoma were evaluated for risk of diseases. The greatest risk of disease concerned rottweilers as compared to other breeds (odds ratio 6.01 to 0.32-2.75, respectively). A group of 43 dogs under chemotherapy was evaluated for defining factors influencing first remission time duration and survival time. The most important factors for results of chemotherapy were response to therapy, stage and sub-stage of disease according the World Health Organization staging system at the time of diagnosis.