Anaemia and iron deficiency in pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in a Teaching Hospital in Southern Sri Lanka (original) (raw)
Related papers
Prevalence and risk factors of iron deficiency anaemia with pregnancy at Minia University Hospital
Minia Journal of Medical Research
Background; Anaemia in expectant women is a serious worldwide public health problem with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The study aim is to investigate prevelance, sosciodemographic characteristics, medical and obstetrical risk factors of iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy at Minia maternity university hospital in one year, Subjects and methods; This study is A prospective analytical study, was conducted at the Minia university hospital for gynecology and obstetrics on all pregnant women with hemoglobin level less than 11 gm/dl in the first trimester and less than 10.5 gm/dl in the second and third trimester from November 2019 to October 2021, Result; this study was conducted on 5500 women; 2211 of them had iron deficiency anemia (40.2%), The only factors which emerged as statistically significant were rural residence, low education, Low Family income, Multi-para, low Pregnancy interval, insufficient meals per day, insufficient Meat intake, insufficient vegetables intake, insufficient egg intake, insufficient milk intake, and Parasitic infestation. Conclusion; Based on our findings, there was highly significant difference between the cases with iron deficiency anemia and cases without iron deficiency anemia regarding residence, education, family income, BMI, parity, gestational age, Pregnancy interval, and delivery mode. Iron deficiency anemia was significantly higher with cases took ‹ 3 times per day, meat intake less than 2 times per week, vegetables intake less than 2 times per week, egg intake and milk intake less than 2 times per week and cases that did not take iron supplementation,
Assessment of iron deficiency in pregnant women by determining iron status
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Pregnant women constitute a high risk group for iron deficiency. Maternal iron deficiency and particularly iron deficiency anaemia may be associated with detrimental effects on maternal and infant function and particularly with a higher risk of preterm delivery and delivery of low birth weight neonates. Objective of this study was to assess and compare the iron status of normal healthy non-pregnant women with that of pregnant women of Hazara Division. This study was conducted at Faculty of Health Sciences, Hazara University, and Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad from 1st March to 31st August 2006. Altogether 120 women, 90 pregnant at various stages of pregnancy and 30 non-pregnant women as control group were included in this study by convenience sampling. Their iron status was assessed by determination of haemoglobin (Hb), Serum ferritin, Serum-iron, Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC), Unsaturated Iron Binding Capacity (UIBC), and Percentage saturation of transferrin. Data generated ...
PREVALENCE OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN
The major health problem mainly in the developed countries is anemia during the pregnancy which is linked with the many side effects. [1] World health organization (WHO) has set the limit to define the anemia if the hemoglobin (hb) level is less than 11 g/dl [2] WHO has stated that if the prevalence of anemia is 5.0% or higher it should be considered as significant problem. If in any population the prevalence of anemia is more than 40% it must be specified as major health problem. It was a cross-sectional study containing 350 women age rages between 19-40 years. All healthy pregnant women with HB less than 11g/dl were recruited into the study. A detailed health data could be acquired such as parity, menstrual characteristics, infections, previous iron or blood transfusions, etc. The Government needs to take solid steps to improve the quality of education and socioeconomic status of females, increase the number of health care providers and intensify public education. Health behavior's need to be changed and adherence to the prescribed programs by the government is needed. Providing long term iron supplementation and dietary modification starting from adolescence may improve the hemoglobin levels and later on prevent anemia in pregnancy.
Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research, 2018
Background: Iron deficiency anaemia is the main cause of the anaemia throughout the world especially in women of reproductive age group and particularly during pregnancy. Various parameters that are used to evaluate the cause of anaemia include complete blood cell count, peripheral smear, reticulocyte count, serum iron indices. Methods: This is a prospective study which was conducted over a period of 1 year and included 100 patients. Results: out of total 100 patients, majority (76%) had mild anaemia. Statistically significant correlation was found between serum ferritin and RDW (P<0.05) whereas no correlation was established between serum ferritin and PCV, MCV, MCH & MCHC. Conclusion: RDW estimation is a preliminary diagnosis that can give an idea of iron deficiency anaemia but for final diagnosis serum ferritin should be done.
Impacts of Anemia Because of Iron Deficiency on the Health and Life of Pregnant Females
2020
from July to December 2019 in the period of six months. In the duration of this research work, all the females having pregnancy with iron deficiency anemia as well as level of hemoglobin lower than nine gram% were recruited, whereas females having pregnancy as well as suffering from other clinical complications were not the participants of this research work. Collection of the information carried out and SPSS V.23 was in use for the statistical analysis of the collected information. Result: Out of 305 registered females with pregnancy present with iron deficiency anemia, majority of the females were young (n: 170, 55.73%) between 20 to 30 years of age, 83.27% (n: 254) females were from lower socioeconomic class, 34.09% (n: 104) females were multiparous. There was very low level of hemoglobin between 1 to 3 gram% in 17.7% (n: 54) females and between 4 to 6 gram% in 53.11% (n: 162) females. All these females were susceptible to severe complications like ante-partum hemorrhage in (n: 49, 16.06%), renal failure in (n: 48, 15.73%), disseminated intra-vascular coagulation in (n: 54, 17.7%) females. The rate of mortality was 5.24% (n: 16). Conclusion: IDA is much common in the females present with pregnancy with very high rate of complications.
National journal of community medicine, 2016
Result: About 75% of pregnant women were anaemic (Hemoglobin level < 11mg/ml) with about 14.5% being severely anaemic. Moderate anaemia was most common. A significant difference (p<0.001) was observed between anaemic and non-anaemic pregnant women with respect to educational status, socioeconomic status & parity of women. Proportion of anaemic women was higher in age groups <20 years, joint families, women with vegetarian diet. History of menstrual irregularities and prolonged cycles (length of flow >6 days) was reported in significantly higher proportion of anaemic women as compared to non-anaemic women.
Anaemia in pregnancy: prevalence and treatment response to various modalities: a prospective study
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Background: Anaemia seen in pregnancy are largely preventable and easily treatable if detected in time, despite this, anaemia still continues to be a common cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in India.Methods: A prospective observational study of 200 pregnant women with anaemia was carried out from Jun 2017 to December 2018 at a Tertiary care hospital with pan India population. Patients underwent clinical examination and laboratory tests to find out the severity and type of anaemia and were treated accordingly. Iron deficiency anaemia was treated with oral or intravenous iron therapy depending upon the hemoglobin concentration. Patients were followed up after 28 days of treatment and hemoglobin estimation was done to monitor the treatment response.Results: A total 36.49% pregnant women had hemoglobin less than 10 gm%. 151 out of 200 women had serum ferritin <12 ng/ml which indicates that iron deficiency anaemia is the commonest type of anaemia in pregnancy. O...
2020
Objectives To estimate the prevalence of latent iron deficiency (LID) among pregnant women, assess LID in relation to parity, age, education, and household income, and to determine correlations between LID and red cell indices, red cell distribution width (RDW), and red cell morphology. Design Cross-sectional design Setting North Colombo Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka. Sample Participants comprised 355 pregnant women with normal haemoglobin levels seeking antenatal care within < 20 weeks of gestation. Method Data were obtained from interviews and antenatal records. Participant full blood count (FBC), serum ferritin levels, and blood films were analysed. Main Outcome Measures Prevalence of LID, demographic data (age, parity, period of gestation, gap between pregnancies, income, and education), and blood film morphology. Results LID prevalence was 54%. Statistical significance for the gap between pregnancies being < 2 years was observed but not for participant's age, parity, income, and education. Blood film morphology depicted statistically significant presence of hypochromic microcytic red cells and pencil cells. RDW was significant in indicating the presence of LID. Among those with LID, 25% had ferritin level in the iron deficiency range. Conclusions LID is highly prevalent in early pregnancy and 25% of participants had ferritin levels in the iron deficiency range. Presence of raised RDW, hypochromic microcytic red cells, pencil cells, and <2 years' gap between pregnancies were indicators of LID. To identify pregnant women with LID, blood film, haemoglobin, and RDW could be recommended as basic tests, and ferritin test as an affirmative one.
BMC Hematology , 2018
Background: Early detection and treatment of iron deficiency during pregnancy is crucial for optimum pregnancy outcomes. Anaemia is a late indictor of iron deficiency measured as Hb < 11 g/dL, and is widely used as a proxy for iron deficiency. We aimed to evaluate the role of red cell indices as a screening tool for early detection of iron deficiency among pregnant women in an urban area of Sri Lanka. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 110 apparently healthy pregnant women ≤12 weeks of gestation attending antenatal clinics in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Women already on nutritional supplements were excluded. Full blood count, serum ferritin (SF) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) assessments were performed. The women with evidence of inflammation as indicated by hs-CRP > 10 mg/L were excluded (N = 20) from data analysis. Anaemia (Hb < 11 g/dL) and iron deficiency (SF < 30 μg/L) were defined according to WHO guidelines. Receiver operating characteristics curves were used to derive red blood cell indices that showed the optimal cutoffs in detecting early iron deficiency.