Novel Dishwasher with Thermal Storage and Thermoelectric Heat Recovery (original) (raw)
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2018
A quasi-steady state, heat and mass transfer lumped-capacitance model was developed to predict the energy consumption and drying performance of domestic dishwashers. A numerical finite element solution was applied, assuming that the following components could each be treated as a lumped thermal capacitance: dish load, tub, wash water, and air in tub. The model was used to predict the energy consumption savings of heating water using a thermoelectric heat pump that extracts heat from a thermal storage medium, and the drying performance of circulating tub air through the cold and then hot side of TE modules.
Dishwasher modelica model analysis with an external heat loop
2018
Research efforts addressing large U.S. consumers can generate impactful reductions on the global energy picture. 41% of U.S. energy consumption is from buildings, 22% residential versus 19% commercial. Household appliances combine to 27%, the second largest residential site energy usage. With many appliances converting electricity to heat and generating waste heat, the authors propose energy reduction through thermal integration of all major appliances. The novel approach will require adding equipment and modifications to existing appliances for thermal sharing. A Modelica model is built for each appliance and simulated to quantify energy savings. The dishwasher is the first appliance investigated by installing a heat exchanger to heat the process water via an external hot water loop instead of the electric calrod heater. The traditional function is first captured in the model and the predicted water sump temperature is compared to available experimental data from the manufacturer. ...
Dishwasher and washing machine heated by a hot water circulation loop
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2007
Electric energy (70-90%) used by electrically heated dishwashers and washing machines is used for heating the water, the crockery, the laundry and the machine and could as well be replaced by heat from other sources than electricity. This article evaluates prototypes of a dishwasher and a washing machine, where the machines are heated by a hot water circulation loop and the heat is transferred to the machines via a heat exchanger. The machine therefore uses water from the cold water pipe. Measurements and simulations have been performed showing that all energy for heating can be replaced if the supply water temperature is 65-70°C. An alternative and common way to save electricity is to connect the machines to the domestic hot water pipe, but the electrical savings with this measure are much smaller, especially for the dishwasher. Computer modelling has been performed and the model has proved to have a high agreement with measured data. However comparison with manufacturers' data indicates that the computer models overestimate the energy demand by about 10%.
Increasing solar gains by using hot water to heat dishwashers and washing machines
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2007
Seventy to ninety percent of the electric energy used by dishwashers and washing machines heats the water, the crockery, the laundry and the machine and could just as well be replaced by heating energy from solar collectors, district heating or a boiler. A dishwasher and a washing machine equipped with a heat exchanger and heated by a hot water circulation circuit instead of electricity (heat-fed machines) have been simulated together with solar heating systems for single-family houses in two different climates (Stockholm, Sweden and Miami, USA). The simulations show that a major part of the increased heat load due to heat-fed machines can be covered by solar heat both in hot and cold climates if the collector area is compensated for the larger heat load to give the same marginal contribution. Using ordinary machines connected to the hot water pipe (hot water-fed machines) and using only cold water for the rinses in the washing machine gives almost the same solar contribution; however considerably lower electrical energy savings are achieved. The simulations also indicate that improvements in the system design of a combisystem (increased stratification in the store) are more advantageous if heat-fed machines are connected to the store. Thus, using heat-fed machines also encourages the use of more advanced solar combisystems.
Optimization and testing on an adsorption dishwasher
Energy, 2013
This paper reports experimental testing of an adsorption dishwasher employing different desiccants, such as 13X zeolite, microporous silica gel and SAPO-34 zeolite. Thermodynamic comparison of the selected adsorbents was carried out on the basis of the experimental measurement of the main thermo-physical parameters, such as specific heat, adsorption equilibrium curves and sorption enthalpy. A sensitivity analysis on the adsorption dishwasher parameters was carried out adopting full factorial design (FFD) on a modified dishwasher prototype. Finally, the actual energetic performance for the optimized configuration were experimentally evaluated returning a consumed electrical energy of 0.636 kWh, which is 41% lower than that of standard cycle performed by a standard dishwasher with energy label A.
Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 2019
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2021
During the drying phase of a dishwasher, water evaporation and condensation phenomena take place. Some wet surfaces inside the dishwasher are above the local air dewpoint and will experience evaporation, while other surfaces are below the local air dewpoint and will experience condensation. In this study, the evaporation mass transfer resistance of a standard load used in a household dishwasher was experimentally measured. The standardized load measurements were taken in situ during a regular drying phase after the ordinary washing was complete. To determine the mass transfer resistance of condensation, a tub wall sample was cut from the interior of a commercially available dishwasher. The wall samples were tested ex-situ in a benchtop psychrometric chamber to determine the condensation heat and mass transfer coefficient. The wall samples were locally cooled using a thermoelectric module. The experimental results were compared to those from a heat and mass transfer resistance correl...
2016
Electric clothes dryers in the US consume about 6% of residential electricity consumption. Available electric clothes dryers today are either based on electric resistance (low-cost but energy-inefficient) or vapor compression (energyefficient but high-cost). Thermoelectric dryers have the potential to alleviate the disadvantages of both through a lowcost, energy-efficient solution. This paper presents experimental results and steady state simulation of a prototype thermoelectric dryer. A thermoelectric model is coupled with a psychrometric dryer system model to design the experimental prototype. The results from the prototype are used to calibrate the model and identify important parameters that affect performance, such as relative humidity of air leaving the drum.
Experimental evaluation and thermodynamic system modeling of thermoelectric heat pump clothes dryer
Applied Energy
Electric clothes dryers in the US consume about 6% of residential electricity consumption. Available electric clothes dryers today are either based on electric resistance (low-cost but energy-inefficient) or vapor compression (energyefficient but high-cost). Thermoelectric dryers have the potential to alleviate the disadvantages of both through a lowcost, energy-efficient solution. This paper presents experimental results and steady state simulation of a prototype thermoelectric dryer. A thermoelectric model is coupled with a psychrometric dryer system model to design the experimental prototype. The results from the prototype are used to calibrate the model and identify important parameters that affect performance, such as relative humidity of air leaving the drum.