Efficacy of Biological Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on Controlling Damping-Off Disease and Growth Dynamics of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Plants (original) (raw)
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In vitro effects of copper nanoparticles on plant pathogens, beneficial microbes and crop plants
Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research
Copper-based chemicals are effectively used as antimicrobials in agriculture. However, with respect to its nanoparticulate form there has been limited number of studies. In this investigation, in vitro tests on effect of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) against plant pathogenic fungi, oomycete, bacteria, beneficial microbes Trichoderma harzianum and Rhizobium spp., and wheat seeds were conducted. Integration of CuNPs with non-nano copper like copper oxychloride (CoC) at 50 mg/L concentration each recorded 76% growth inhibition of the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi in vitro compared to the control. CuNPs also showed synergistic inhibitory effect with CoC on mycelial growth and sporulation of A. alternata. Pseudomonas syringae was inhibited at 200 mg/L of CuNPs. CuNPs were not significantly biocidal against Rhizobium spp. and Trichoderma harzianum compared to CoC. Evaluation of the effect of CuNP on wheat revealed that rate of germination of wheat seeds was higher in presence of CuNPs an...
Antifungal Activity of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles against Root Rot Disease in Cucumber
Journal of Fungi
Metal oxide nanoparticles have recently garnered interest as potentially valuable substances for the management of plant diseases. Copper oxide nanoparticles (Cu2ONPs) were chemically fabricated to control root rot disease in cucumbers. A scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescence (PL) were employed to characterize the produced nanoparticles. Moreover, the direct antifungal activity of Cu2ONPs against Fusarium solani under laboratory, greenhouse, and field conditions were also evaluated. In addition, the induction of host-plant resistance by Cu2ONPs was confirmed by the results of enzyme activities (catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase) and gene expression (PR-1 and LOX-1). Finally, the effect of Cu2ONPs on the growth and productivity characteristics of the treated cucumber plants was investigated. The average particle size from all the peaks was found to be around 25.54 and 25.83 nm for 0.30 and 0.35 Cu2O, respectively. Under laboratory...
Frontiers in Chemistry, 2023
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) have piqued the interest of agricultural researchers due to their potential application as fungicides, insecticides, and fertilizers. The Serratia sp. ZTB29 strain, which has the NCBI accession number MK773873, was a novel isolate used in this investigation that produced CuO-NPs. This strain can survive concentrations of copper as high as 22.5 mM and can also remove copper by synthesizing pure CuO-NPs. UV-VIS spectroscopy, DLS, Zeta potential, FTIR, TEM, and XRD techniques were used to investigate the pure form of CuO-NPs. The synthesized CuO-NPs were crystalline in nature (average size of 22 nm) with a monoclinic phase according to the XRD pattern. CuO-NPs were found to be polydisperse, spherical, and agglomeration-free. According to TEM and DLS inspection, they ranged in size from 20 to 40 nm, with a typical particle size of 28 nm. CuO-NPs were extremely stable, as demonstrated by their zeta potential of −15.4 mV. The ester (C=O), carboxyl (C=O), amine (NH), thiol (S-H), hydroxyl (OH), alkyne (C-H), and aromatic amine (C-N) groups from bacterial secretion were primarily responsible for reduction and stabilization of CuO-NPs revealed in an FTIR analysis. CuO-NPs at concentrations of 50 μg mL −1 and 200 μg mL −1 displayed antibacterial and antifungal activity against the plant pathogenic bacteria Xanthomonas sp. and pathogenic fungus Alternaria sp., respectively. The results of this investigation support the claims that CuO-NPs can be used as an efficient antimicrobial agent and nano-fertilizer, since, compared to the control and higher concentrations of CuO-NPs (100 mg L −1) considerably improved the growth characteristics of maize plants.
Biology
Herein, CuO-NPs were fabricated by harnessing metabolites of Aspergillus niger strain (G3-1) and characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, XRD, TEM, SEM-EDX, FT-IR, and XPS. Spherical, crystallographic CuO-NPs were synthesized in sizes ranging from 14.0 to 47.4 nm, as indicated by TEM and XRD. EDX and XPS confirmed the presence of Cu and O with weight percentages of 62.96% and 22.93%, respectively, at varied bending energies. FT-IR spectra identified functional groups of metabolites that could act as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents to the CuO-NPs. The insecticidal activity of CuO-NPs against wheat grain insects Sitophilus granarius and Rhyzopertha dominica was dose- and time-dependent. The mortality percentages due to NP treatment were 55–94.4% (S. granarius) and 70–90% (R. dominica). A botanical experiment was done in a randomized block design. Low CuO-NP concentration (50 ppm) caused significant increases in growth characteristics (shoot and root length, fresh and dry wei...
A novel method of management of maize pathogens in vitro and in vivo using newly synthesized copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) has been documented in this study. CuNPs have been synthesized using CuSO4 as a precursor, NaBH4 and ascorbic acid as a reducing agent, and polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG-8000) as a stabilizing agent. Characterization of CuNPs using a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) confirmed the nanoparticles' size range of 35–70 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the association of alcohol groups and allyl halides group with CuNPs. The synthesized CuNPs exhibited significant inhibition at 20 ppm of three pathogenic fungi namely Macrophomina phaseolina, Bipolaris maydis, and Fusarium verticillioides, and at 50 ppm against Rhizoctonia solani. Bactericidal property of CuNPs was evidenced against Erwinia carotovora and Ralstonia solanacearum at 30 ppm. Evaluation of CuNPs in vivo against two diseases viz., maydis leaf blight (MLB) and banded leaf ...
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020
To feed the increasing world population by improving the agricultural production in sustainable manner is a great challenge being faced agri-researchers. Despite of great strides in agriculture in the last few decades many developing countries are still vulnerable in achieving the food security (Husen and Siddiqi, 2014; Kasana et al., 2017). Agricultural crops face various abiotic and biotic stresses adversely affecting the crop yields which are more severe in arid environments resulting in overall reduction in crop yield. Along with others factors growth of fungal pathogens in plants is one of the main causes for considerable economic loss during the production and postharvest handling of food grains. Prevalence of many plant pathogenic diseases and insect injuries results in the loss of about one-third of plant harvest worldwide (Bramhanwade et al., 2016). India contributes more than 90 % of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), 65 % of Castor (Ricinus communis L.) and is the major producer...
In vitro antifungal efficacy of copper nanoparticles against selected crop pathogenic fungi
Materials Letters, 2014
Copper nanoparticles play an important role in the field of optics and electronics, and also as a novel antimicrobial. In the present study, we report antifungal activity of copper nanoparticles against selected crop pathogenic fungi. Copper nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction of Cu 2 þ in the presence of Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide and isopropyl alcohol. Characterizations of copper nanoparticles were carried out by UV-visible spectroscopy, nanoparticles tracking analysis (NTA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) which revealed that synthesized nanoparticles were coated by Cetyl Trimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) having particle size of 3-10 nm. Copper nanoparticles demonstrated significant antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi: Phoma destructiva (DBT-66), Curvularia lunata (MTCC no. 2030), Alternaria alternata (MTCC No. 6572) and Fusarium oxysporum (MTCC No. 1755). Since for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles the present chemical method by using C-TAB-IPA is found to be simple, economic and fast, the synthesized copper nanoparticles can be used as a novel antifungal agent in agriculture to control the plant pathogenic fungi as well as potent disinfectant in poultry and animal husbandry.
Bacterial Empire
Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is an important exportable fruit crop of India that faces major losses when infected by fungal wilt and bacterial blight. The present investigation is aimed to isolate and identify the causative organism of the plant disease infecting the stem of pomegranate. The identification based on microscopic, morphological characterization and 18SrRNA sequencing confirms as Mariannaea elegans. The crude extracts of various leaves of plants viz Psidium guajava, Picrorhiza kurroa and Piper betel were used to evaluate antifungal activity using agar well diffusion method. Results confirm that ethanolic extract of Piper betel extract (0.5mg/ml) show zone of inhibition against Mariannea elegans. The research demonstrates that commonly used fungicides viz., Manocozeb/ Matalxy and Carbendazim showed very little inhibition as compared to the Piper betel ethanolic extracts and hence the latter proves to be a better and eco-friendlier control alternative. The present study ...
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2018
With increasing global population, innovations in agriculture will be essential for a sustainable food supply. We compare commercial CuO NP to synthesized Cu 3 (PO 4) 2 •3H 2 O nanosheets to determine the influence of coordinating anion, particle morphology, and dissolution profile on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum induced disease in watermelon. Copper dissolution in organic acid solutions that mimic complexing agents found in plants was increased by 2 orders of magnitude relative to water. Cu 3 (PO 4) 2 •3H 2 O nanosheets showed a rapid initial dissolution, with equilibration after 24 h; CuO NP exhibited continuous particle dissolution. In a greenhouse study, Cu 3 (PO 4) 2 •3H 2 O nanosheets at 10 mg/L significantly repressed fungal disease as measured by yield and by a 58% decrease in disease progress. Conversely, CuO NP only yielded significant effects on disease at 1000 mg/L. In field studies, similar enhanced disease suppression was noted for Cu 3 (PO 4) 2 •3H 2 O nanosheets, although biomass and yield effects were variable. The method of application was a significant factor in treatment success, with the dip method being more effective than foliar spray; this is likely due to homogeneity of coverage during treatment. The data show that Cu-based nanoscale materials can be an effective and sustainable strategy in the crop disease management but that particle characteristics such as morphology, coordination environment, and dissolution profile will be important determinants of success.
Biosynthesis and effects of copper nanoparticles on plants
Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2017
Copper nanoparticles have improved properties compared to the bulk copper material. Copper nanoparticles indeed find applications in gas sensors, heat transfer fluids, catalysis, solar energy and batteries. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of copper nanoparticles find applications in the agriculture and healthcare sectors. Nonetheless, careless use of copper nanoparticles may cause environmental pollution and health effects. Here we review the biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using plant materials, named phytosynthesis, and microorganisms. We also discuss the effect of copper nanoparticles on crops and pathogenic microorganisms. Copper nanoparticles varying in sizes from 5 to 295 nm have been synthesized using leaf extracts and latex from plants, and using bacteria and fungi. Biosynthesized copper nanoparticles show good antimicrobial activity inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic fungi. Copper nanoparticles enhance the germination and growth of some plants at lower concentrations, whereas high concentrations result in retarded growth.