Long-range, low-cost electric vehicles enabled by robust energy storage (original) (raw)

Electrochemical and Electrostatic Energy Storage and Management Systems for Electric Drive Vehicles: State-of-the-Art Review and Future Trends

IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics

Recently, increased emissions regulations and a push for less dependence on fossil fuels are factors that have enticed a growth in the market share of alternative energy vehicles. Readily available energy storage systems (ESSs) pose a challenge for the mass market penetration of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in HEVs, and EVs. This is mainly due to the high cost of ESS available today. However, tremendous research efforts are going into reducing the cost of these storage devices, increasing their lifespan, and improving their energy density. This paper aims to give an overview of the current state of readily available battery and ultracapacitor (UC) technologies as well as a look ahead toward promising advanced battery chemistries and next generation ESS. Energy management systems and various battery balancing configurations are discussed in addition to battery state/parameter estimation and protection mechanisms. Finally, hybrid ESSs (HESS) are reviewed as a mitigation strategy to the shortcomings of traditional battery and UC technologies. Consideration is given to the combination of advanced battery chemistries with UCs to portray HESS performance, which can meet and exceed the performance of current ESS technologies.

Global Advancements and Current Challenges of Electric Vehicle Batteries and Their Prospects: A Comprehensive Review

Sustainability

Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have started to play a significant role in the transport sector and automotive industries. The broader market penetration of BEVs has still not been achieved due to significant barriers associated with initial costs and short driving ranges. The purchase price and a limited driving range are barriers that are inevitably associated with battery technology. Therefore, the growing demand for BEVs has expedited new innovative approaches to improve battery capacity and performance and to reduce battery costs. Considerable advancements have been employed to meet the challenges. However, there are still many challenges to make BEVs affordable and convenient for users. In this review, the main aims are to identify and address challenges by considering the prospects of BEVs in the future market and to explore the technological and financial difficulties of low energy density of battery materials, fast charging rate, battery lifetime, and cost-effectiveness, a...

Author response for "Energy storage usages: Engineering reactions, economic-technological values for electric vehicles-A technological outlook

2020

At present with the massive induction of distributed renewable energy sources (RES), energy storage systems (ESS) have the potential to curb the intermittent nature of micro sources and provide a steady supply of power to the load. It gives an optimum solution and considers as a major part of intelligent grids. For making a green environment, Electric Vehicle (EV) is the best option that emits zero exhaust gases, cleaner, less noisy and eco-friendly compared to engine-based vehicles. It could embark power sanctuary by allowing open access to RES. Nonetheless, EVs presently face encounters in the deployment of ESSs, inroad to their reliability, capacity, price, and online management issues. This study comprehensive review about technical advancements of ESSs, its detailed taxonomy, features, implementation, possibilities with system differences, and additional features of particularly EV applications. Hence, in this current study, technical analysis of Energy storage systems, its leading technologies, core assets, global energy stakeholders, economic merits and techniques on energy conversion is provided. Besides, the way of deploying energy storage techniques, the barriers and assessments are also presented to give a wider scope in this particular area.

Challenges of Batteries for Electric Vehicles

Udom Ifeanyi Emmanuel, 2018

Battery represents arguably the most important and most technically challenging component of the electric vehicle (EV). The electric vehicle (EV) technology addresses the issue of the reduction of carbon and greenhouse gas emissions. The concept of EVs focuses on the utilization of alternative energy resources. However, EV systems currently face challenges in energy storage systems (ESSs) with regard to their safety, size, cost, and overall management issues, hence the reason for the stated seminar topic on the challenges of batteries for EVs. In addition, the hybridization of ESSs with advanced power electronic technologies has a significant influence on optimal power utilization to lead advanced EV technologies. Batteries for electric vehicles have many real-life challenges. First, you need a sophisticated system to monitor the batteries to make sure that they are balanced charged and that they are protected from a lot of external conditions like overcharge, overdischarge, over current, short circuits. If any of these conditions occur at any time, it might trigger thermal runaway and cause disastrous consequences to humans and the environment. Finally, the paper also highlights a number of key factors and challenges and presents the possible recommendations for the development of next-generation of EVs and battery management systems for electric vehicles and battery energy storage systems.

Energy storage usages: Engineering reactions,economic‐technologicalvalues for electric vehicles—A technological outlook

International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, 2020

At present with the massive induction of distributed renewable energy sources (RES), energy storage systems (ESS) have the potential to curb the intermittent nature of micro sources and provide a steady supply of power to the load. It gives an optimum solution and considers as a major part of intelligent grids. For making a green environment, Electric Vehicle (EV) is the best option that emits zero exhaust gases, cleaner, less noisy and eco-friendly compared to engine-based vehicles. It could embark power sanctuary by allowing open access to RES. Nonetheless, EVs presently face encounters in the deployment of ESSs, inroad to their reliability, capacity, price, and online management issues. This study comprehensive review about technical advancements of ESSs, its detailed taxonomy, features, implementation, possibilities with system differences, and additional features of particularly EV applications. Hence, in this current study, technical analysis of Energy storage systems, its leading technologies, core assets, global energy stakeholders, economic merits and techniques on energy conversion is provided. Besides, the way of deploying energy storage techniques, the barriers and assessments are also presented to give a wider scope in this particular area.

Battery technology for electric and hybrid vehicles: Expert views about prospects for advancement

Technological Forecasting and Social …, 2010

In this paper we present the results of an expert elicitation on the prospects for advances in battery technology for electric and hybrid vehicles. We find disagreement among the experts on a wide range of topics, including the need for government funding, the probability of getting batteries with lithium metal anodes to work, and the probability of building safe Lithium-ion batteries. Averaging across experts we find that U.S. government expenditures of 150M/yrleadtoa66150M/yr lead to a 66% chance of achieving a battery that costs less than 150M/yrleadtoa66200/kWh, and a 20% chance for a cost of 90/kWhorless.Reducingthecostofbatteriesfromabaselineof90/kWh or less. Reducing the cost of batteries from a baseline of 90/kWhorless.Reducingthecostofbatteriesfromabaselineof384 to 200couldleadtoasavingsinthecostofreducinggreenhousegassesofabout200 could lead to a savings in the cost of reducing greenhouse gasses of about 200couldleadtoasavingsinthecostofreducinggreenhousegassesofabout100 Billion in 2050.

Commercialization of Lithium Battery Technologies for Electric Vehicles

Advanced Energy Materials, 2019

The long cycle life, high power density, and low maintenance cost of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) helped to earn its reputation as the leading technology for transportation, aviation, aerospace, and stationary energy storage sectors. [1-7] The rigid demands on transportation fuels and their harm to the environment created the need for a super battery, driving The currently commercialized lithium-ion batteries have allowed for the creation of practical electric vehicles, simultaneously satisfying many stringent milestones in energy density, lifetime, safety, power, and cost requirements of the electric vehicle economy. The next wave of consumer electric vehicles is just around the corner. Although widely adopted in the vehicle market, lithium-ion batteries still require further development to sustain their dominating roles among competitors. In this review, the authors survey the state-of-the-art active electrode materials and cell chemistries for automotive batteries. The performance, production, and cost are included. The advances and challenges in the lithium-ion battery economy from the material design to the cell and the battery packs fitting the rapid developing automotive market are discussed in detail. Also, new technologies of promising battery chemistries are comprehensively evaluated for their potential to satisfy the targets of future electric vehicles.

A Review of Major Battery Technologies for Electric Vehicles

Given the growing concern of environmental pollution and global warming, the major contributors being the automotive industry is due to the growing use of petroleum fuels. Over the years, drastic measures and rigorous research has led to development of Electric Vehicles and battery technologies. This paper reviews battery technologies for EVs from the traditional low cost Lead acid battery to the latest Metal Air battery which is much greener and a sustainable solution, including the current market dominant lithium ion battery. This paper gives an insight of four major battery technologies for EVs, their evolution, advantages and technical advancement and also the possible battery technology that can take over the future of the wide spread and growing Electric Vehicle market.