Impact of COVID-19 on Indian Household Consumption Patterns (original) (raw)
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Asian Journal of Economics and Banking, 2021
Purpose-The present world is crippled with the pandemic coronavirus (Covid-19). The pandemic that originated in Wuhan city of China has sent every country in the world in an unprecedented situation that has social and economic impacts. This paper aims to explore whether epidemics and pandemics have any impact on consumption patterns among rural and urban consumers in India. Taking pandemic Covid-19 as a case study, it was explored how this pandemic impacted the consumption pattern of consumers in India; what are the similarities and/or differences between rural and urban consumers that are found in their consumption habits in the wake of Covid-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach-The required data was collected through questionnaires sent to respondents. Approximately 500 respondents were contacted through the mail to fill in the survey questionnaire. Despite the sincere efforts, a total of 175 complete survey questionnaires were filled in by respondents. The study used SPSS Statistics version 25 software for the analysis of data. Findings-It was found that epidemics and pandemics have a profound impact on the pattern of consumption in India. The study reveals that consumers resort to panic buying in the initial stages of epidemics and pandemics. It was found that consumption habits of consumers went a sea change and they were spending largely on essentials only. The study also reveals that the majority of consumers would like to continue in the same consumption habits as that of during COVID-19. The consumption pattern of urban consumers witnessed more change than the consumption pattern of rural consumers. It is due to the closure of eateries and restaurants, shopping malls, movie theatres, etc., in urban areas that forced the change in the consumption pattern of urban consumers. Research limitations/implications-The research has a limitation of using a less sample size. For the generalizations, more robust studies can be conducted with more data. Practical implications-The findings of the study will give marketers an insight for framing their policies in the wake of epidemics and pandemics. Originality/value-The research adds to the existing body of knowledge. There are plenty of studies on the behaviour of consumers. However, there are no major studies that focus on the behaviour of consumers during the outbreak of a pandemic. So, this study fills this gap in the existing body of knowledge.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic Situation on Consumer Buying Behaviour in Indian Market- A Review
international journal for research in applied science and engineering technology ijraset, 2020
Consumer behaviour is determined deeply by cultural factors and India being influenced by social community for group activities have experienced shift in consumer buying behaviour due to covid-19 pandemic situations, changing consumption patterns of people and the lockdown resulted in panic buying behaviour rushing to stock up on essentials. Further the major sectors experiencing consumer behaviour changes including entertainment, travel tourism, newspaper, food industry, personal hygiene, small business, education, pharmacy, agriculture, and e-commerce have resulted in proactive buying behaviour, adaptability to new technologies, reactive health management, pantry preparation, quarantined living preparation, restricted living and living a life with basic requirements. The consumer companies urgently need to anticipate, so that they can make it through the current crisis and build capabilities that can meet future necessities. Therefore, in this paper we will be reviewing possible consumer changes in their buying behaviour in various sectors during covid-19 outbreak in India.
Impact of COVID-19 on Select Private Consumption Demand in Urban India: A Primary Survey Findings
The Indian Economic Journal
The paper focusses on one of the aspects of the Covid-19 induced economic crisis in India .i.e., the consumption demand for non-essential commodities which is an important component of the overall aggregate demand. As the number of Covid-19 positive cases are swelling up and lockdown is being phased out, this study, based on the primary survey of 900 plus individuals across various states, age, income and occupation groups in urban areas, has attempted to ascertain the consumer sentiment so as to predict the changes in private consumer spending during the current financial year on various items once the lockdown is completely lifted. These items include those that were ‘planned’ for during the year (for instance, electronics, real estate, automobiles, domestic travel) as well as ‘discretionary’ spending on retail and e-commerce, wellness and hospitality services. The survey responses have been used to determine the timeframe of recovery for each sector through econometric analysis o...
Impacts of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Consumption Household Data from India
Asian Development Review
We quantify the impacts on consumption expenditure and the patterns following India's initial sudden lockdown in response to the coronavirus disease pandemic and the gradual relaxation that followed. We use household survey data from a representative Indian state, Punjab. We separate the effects between rural versus urban households, and whether households were female headed or had daily laborers. While the urban population cut back expenditure across all categories, rural households shifted toward basic commodities and cut back more on other expenditure. Rural households that included daily-wage laborers were most severely affected.
Impacts of the COVID Lockdown on Consumption: Household Data from India
SSRN Working Paper, 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic and policy responses to control it have together created a major, but unusual, economic shock. In March 2020, India instituted a severe lockdown, which was relaxed only slowly, leading to a severe decline in GDP. In this paper, we analyze household survey data for consumption expenditure from a representative Indian state, Punjab, with a population comparable to the world's 50th most populous nation. We analyze the effects of the pandemic and lockdown on household consumption expenditure levels and composition. We separate the effects on rural versus urban households, and by socioeconomic characteristics, particularly occupation and the gender of the household head. While the urban population cut back expenditure across all categories, rural households shifted toward basic commodities and cut back more on other expenditure. Rural female-headed households were the most severely affected.
Impact of Covid – 19 on Household Buying Decisions of Salaried Persons in Madurai City
RESEARCH EXPLORER - A Blind Review & Refereed Quarterly International Journal, 2020
The outbreak of the corona virus not only impacted the physical health of those it infected, but its impact has been felt in every aspect of life, financially, socially, economically, psychologically and environmentally. The world needs to develop a coping mechanism for the various aspects of life. With this backdrop, a clear paradigm shift can be seen taking place in the way consumers behave in response to this unique scenario. Panic – buying, stock piling, herd behavior, have become trademark behavior traits commonly seen across households not only in India but across the globe. This study has been undertaken in order to understand the extent to which the Covid-19 pandemic has impacted and influenced lives not only on a health level. Through the usage of convenience sampling, 30 samples have been collected from salaried persons of varying professions across Madurai City. This paper attempts to study the basic conceptual framework that influences buying decisions, to identify the factors that influenced buying decisions before and after Covid – 19 and to give suitable suggestions to face future challenges. Using various tools such as weighted average and likert scale the data has been analyzed, inferences made, and findings and suggestions given for salaried consumers to make better buying decisions in the face of crisis.
A Study of Changing Consumer Behaviour of Four Metro Cities in India during Covid-19 Pandemic
The rapid and extensive spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has become a major disruption in the life of people as well as their buying behaviour. The Indian government took several measures to contain the spread of COVID-19 by enforcing a number of measures across the country to contain the deadly disease. This paper investigates the change in consumer behaviour on food habits and dietary pattern; health and hygiene; work pattern; social interaction based on key demographic factors like age and household income. The study is based on an online survey undertaken in four metropolitan cities in India through a structured questionnaire with a sample size of 183 conducted in June-July 2020. The results confirm that COVID-19 impacted and changed the behaviour of city based consumers based on their income level and age with regard to buying of health or hygiene products and use of digital devices.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON CONSUMERS’ ESSENTIAL BUYING BEHAVIOR – AN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE
IAEME PUBLICATION, 2020
Purpose/objective: This study attempted to examine the consumer buying behavior of essential items like grocery, pharma, and hygiene during the nationwide lockdown imposed by government of India. The national lockdown is to maintain social distancing, therefore, reducing the chances of virus spread. Such circumstances are creating a lot of paranoia and fear among the Indian households about managing the supply of essential items to survive during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology: in order to achieve the objectives of this study, an online survey was conducted on the households residing in national capital region of India. For this purpose, a self-structured questionnaire was designed which was further distributed among target respondents by using convenient sampling technique. Out of total 250 responses received, 226 were found fit for the analysis. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, t-test, and one-way ANOVA have been used to analyze the data. Results/findings: The nationwide lockdown changes the purchasing behavior of the customer regarding essential items and their related aspects like price, packaging, labeling, smoothness of product or services and timely delivery etc Practical implications: This study is very important for the marketers as well as researchers to know the changes in purchasing behavior of the customers specifically related to the factors of Essential Supplies, Price, Packaging & Labeling; Stock and Supply Shortage; Smooth Delivery; Digital Support and Product Freshness and Authenticity of the product and services at the time of nationwide lockdown situation. It is very important for the marketers to know the returning of the customers towards their previous pattern that can be the future research direction for the researchers as well as marketers also. Originality: This paper is attempted to examine household buying behavior of essential items to survive in situation of nationwide lockdown.
Consumer Buying Behaviour during Pandemics: A Case Study of Covid-19 Pandemic in Rural-Urban India
Envisioning Business for a Better Tomorrow: Innovate, Integrate, Impact, 2021
The world at present is witnessing an unparalled situation of COVID-19 which has brought about unprecedented and unimagined changes in economic and social outlook. Countries closed their borders with each other to prevent the spread of the Covid-19. Even within a country itself, internal movement of people was restricted. Economies were closed, businesses were shut, millions of people lost their jobs and the future of people is in an uncertain environment. This alarming situation has forced business houses and policymakers to come up with novel and innovative ideas to cope up with the pandemic Covid-19. The present paper is an attempt to analyse the the impact of pandemic Covid-19 on the overall consumer behaviour in general and on behaviour of rural consumers in particular in India. Specifically, the paper aims at analysing the impact of pandemic Covid-19 on buying behaviour of consumers; understanding the major trends exhibited by consumers in critical times like Covid-19; and tries to propose suitable marketing strategies for the same. The motivation behind the study is that the world is witnessing the outbreak of pandemics/ epidemics very frequently, almost every 2-3 years. As such, taking Covid-19 as a case study, the paper tries to develop strategies that can be adopted in marketing, particularly in rural marketing, during any pandemic.
isara solutions, 2022
Covid-19 is the first coronavirus after Spanish Flu 1918-1919, who has extremely influenced the health system, economy and psychology of India. In this paper we describe Covid-19 Pandemic and Economic Behaviour; like consumption of unhealthy food (under stress and boredom situation), daily intake of balanced diet, change in Income and saving trend and digital Transaction etc. SPSS 'version 20' and jamovi '2.2.2' has been used for processing of the data and Independent t-test and Chi square test have been performed to test the relationship.