Proliposomes: A novel approach to carrier drug delivery system (original) (raw)
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A REVIEW ON LIPOSOMES: NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
The all new potential therapeutics has poor pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutical properties. Hence there is need to develop a suitable drug system that distributes the therapeuticallyactive drug molecule only to site of action, without affecting healthy tissue or organ. Liposomes are spherical shaped microscopic vesicles consisting of lipid bilayer in structure with phospholipids. and cholesterol being the main ingredients. These are superior carrier and have ability to encapsulate hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs and protect them from degradation. Liposomes are prepared by using various methods hand shaking method,sonication, freeze drying method, ethanol injection method, ether injection method, micro-emulsion method. The different application of liposomes is use for treatment of infection, anti-cancer, vaccination, for human therapy and gene delivery system. After the formulation, the evaluation of liposomes are checked by using physical parameters, chemical parameters, and biologically for the establish the purity and potency of various lipophilic constituents and establish the safety and suitability of formulation for therapeutic application.
A Review On Liposomes As Drug Delivery System
International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2023
Liposomes are composed of phospholipids and lipids, forming spherical or multilayered vesicles with a lipid bilayer structure in aqueous solutions due to self-assembly of diacyl chain phospholipids. The number of bilayers and the size of vesicles influence the amount of drug encapsulation in liposomes, a crucial factor in determining their circulation half-life. This method involves coating a medication and a lipid onto a soluble carrier to create a pro-liposome, which is free-flowing and granular. When hydrated, it forms an isotonic liposomal solution. This pro-liposome approach serves as a motivation for large-scale production of liposomes containing lipophilic medications at a low cost. These systems have unique properties, including increased drug solubility (as seen with amphotericin B), protection of molecules like DNA and RNA, enhanced intracellular uptake (especially for anticancer drugs), acting as a drug depot, and enhancing drug stability. Liposomes have been successfully utilized for the delivery of various drug categories such as anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antibiotics, and anti-fungal agents. Additionally, there have been efforts in the development and characterization of liposomal drug delivery systems, for instance, liposomes containing brimonidine tartrate for ocular applications. These advancements signify the transition of liposomes from a clinically established drug delivery system to a versatile nanoparticle platform for theragnostic
A comprehensive review on Liposomes: a novel drug delivery system
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2018
Liposome was derived from two Greek words “Lipos meaning fat and Soma meaning body”. Liposome were spherical shaped vesicles consist of phospholipids and cholesterol. Due to their size hydrophobic and lipophilic character they are very promising system for drug delivery. This novel drug delivery system aims to target the drug directly to the site of action. Liposomes are very biocompatible and stable and have unique property to entrap both hydrophilic drug and lipophilic drug (amphiphatic nature) to its compartment and lead to controlled release effect. They are of 0.05- 5.0 micrometer in diameter. Liposomes are used for the treatment of various diseases like tumors or cancer. This article provides an overview of Liposomal Drug Delivery System and various aspects related to liposome that can be studied. Keywords: Liposomes, novel delivery, amphiphatic, controlled release.
Liposomes for the Drug Delivery: A Review
2021
Quick Response Code Abstract: Formulation of drugs in liposomes has provided an opportunity to enhance the therapeutic indices of various agents mainly through alteration in their bio distribution. Liposomes are a novel drug delivery system (NDDS), they are vesicular structures consisting of bilayer which form spontaneously when phospholipids are dispersed in water. They are microscopic vesicles in which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a membrane composed of lipid bilayers. The goal of any drug delivery system is spatial placement and temporal delivery of the medicament. Research works are going on to prepare an ideal drug delivery system which satisfies these needs. Liposomes are small vesicles (100 nm) composed various lipid molecules which build their membrane bilayers. These formulations are mainly composed of phosphatidylcholine and other constituents such as cholesterol and lipidconjugated hydrophilic polymers. Liposomes are biodegradable and biocompatible in nature.
Recent Update on Liposome-Based Drug Delivery System
International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, 2022
In this review article, liposome a novel drug delivery has been discussed, which is one among the various drug delivery system used to target the drug to a particular tissue. As the structural similarity between lipid bilayer and cell membrane, the liposome can easily penetrate and produce an effective delivery of the drug to such that a free drug would not able to penetrate. Some other drug delivery systems include niosomes, microparticles, resealed erythrocytes, pharmacosomes, etc. The term liposome meaning lipid body. Liposomes can also be able to encapsulate in both hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials and are utilized as drug carriers in drug delivery. This technology is very useful for the treatment of certain diseases. In this review, the preparation, evaluation and the applications of the liposomal drug delivery system for targeting various diseases are elaborately presented.
Review Article LIPOSOME AS A POTENTIAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW
Liposomes are microscopic phospholipid vescicles made of lipid bilayer which are the drug carrier for improving the delivery of therapeutic agents. Research on liposome technology has progressed from conventional vesicles ("first-generation liposomes") to "second-generation liposomes", in which long-circulating liposomes are obtained by modulating the lipid composition, size, and charge of the vesicle. Liposomes with modified surfaces have also been developed using several molecules, such as glycolipids or sialic acid. A significant step in the development of long-circulating liposomes came with inclusion of the synthetic polymer poly-(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in liposome composition. Due to advancement in liposomal technology a number of liposomal formulations are available in market for clinical use, with gene delivery and cancer therapy and some formulations are under clinical trial. Reformulation of drugs in liposomes has provided an opportunity to enhance the therapeutic indices of various agents mainly through alteration in their biodistribution. This review discusses the basic principles of liposome structures and preparations, evaluation parameters of liposomal formulation, pharmacokinetics of liposomes and liposomeencapsulated drugs, the potential applications of liposomes in drug delivery with examples of formulations approved for clinical use, and the problems associated with further exploitation of this drug delivery system.
Journal of Biotechnology & Biomaterials, 2017
Liposomes are a novel drug delivery system (NDDS), they are vesicular structures consisting of bilalyers which form spontaneously when phospholipids are dispersed in water. They are microscopic vesicles in which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a membrane composed of lipid bilayers. NDDS aims to deliver the drug at a rate directed by the needs of the body during the period of treatment and direct the place of action. Liposomes are colloidal spheres of cholesterol non-toxic surfactants, sphingolipids, glycolipids, long chain fatty acids and even membrane proteins and drug molecules or it is also called vesicular system. It differs in size, composition and charge and drug carrier loaded with variety of molecules such as small drug molecules, proteins, nucleotides or plasmids etc. Few drugs are formulated as liposomes to improve their therapeutic index. Hence a number of vesicular drug delivery systems such as liposomes, niosomes, transfersomes and pharmacosomes are developed. The focus of this chapter is to the various method of preparation, characterization of liposomes, advantages and applications, etc.
LIPOSOME AS A POTENTIAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW
Liposomes are microscopic phospholipid vescicles made of lipid bilayer which are the drug carrier for improving the delivery of therapeutic agents. Research on liposome technology has progressed from conventional vesicles ("first-generation liposomes") to "second-generation liposomes", in which long-circulating liposomes are obtained by modulating the lipid composition, size, and charge of the vesicle. Liposomes with modified surfaces have also been developed using several molecules, such as glycolipids or sialic acid. A significant step in the development of long-circulating liposomes came with inclusion of the synthetic polymer poly-(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in liposome composition. Due to advancement in liposomal technology a number of liposomal formulations are available in market for clinical use, with gene delivery and cancer therapy and some formulations are under clinical trial. Reformulation of drugs in liposomes has provided an opportunity to enhance the therapeutic indices of various agents mainly through alteration in their biodistribution. This review discusses the basic principles of liposome structures and preparations, evaluation parameters of liposomal formulation, pharmacokinetics of liposomes and liposome-encapsulated drugs, the potential applications of liposomes in drug delivery with examples of formulations approved for clinical use, and the problems associated with further exploitation of this drug delivery system.
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2015
A novel "slurry method" was described for the preparation of proliposome powders using soya phosphatidylcholine (SPC) with cholesterol (1:1) and for incorporation of beclometasone dipropionate (BDP) at 2 mole% of the total lipid phase. Proliposomes made with a range of lipid to sucrose carrier ratios were studied in terms of surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal properties using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Following hydration of proliposomes, the resultant vesicles were compared to liposomes made using the traditional proliposome method, in terms of vesicle size and drug entrapment efficiency. SEM showed that sucrose was uniformly coated with lipid regardless of lipid to carrier ratio. Liposomes generated using the slurry proliposome method tended to have smaller median size than those generated with the conventional proliposome method, being in the range of 4.72-5.20 mm and 5.89-7.72 mm respectively. Following centrifugation of liposomes using deuterium oxide (D 2 O) as dispersion medium, vesicles entrapping BDP were separated as a floating creamy layer, whilst the free drug was sedimented as crystals. Drug entrapment was dependent on formulation composition and preparation method. When 1:15 w/w lipid to carrier was used, liposomes generated using the slurry method had an entrapment efficiency of 47.05% compared to 18.67% for those generated using the conventional proliposome method. By contrast, liposomes made by the thin-film hydration method had an entrapment efficiency of 25.66%. DSC studies using 50 mole% BDP demonstrated that the drug was amorphous in the proliposome formulation and tended to crystallize on hydration, resulting in low drug entrapment. In conclusion, a novel approach to the preparation of proliposomes using a slurry method has been introduced, offering higher entrapment for BDP than liposomes made using the conventional proliposome method and those prepared by thin-film hydration technique.
Liposomes as Drug Delivery Systems: Properties and Applications
Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences
Liposomes are polymeric nanoparticles used for drug delivery due to their unique properties. Lipisomes can encapsulate both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drug. liposomes deliver the drugs into cells by fusion or endocytosis mechanisms. In the last few decades, liposomes have been considered as ideal models for mimic biological membranes and also they are suitable carriers for drugs, diagnostics, vaccines, and other bioactive agents. Drugs can be distributed non-specifically throughout the body, lead to death of normal and malignant cells. Entrapment of drugs into liposomes results in increasing circulation life time, protection from the metabolic degradation, enhancement of deposition in the infected tissues and decreased uptake in the kidney, myocardium and brain. There are now some liposomal formulations of conventional drugs that have received clinical approval. Keywords: liposomes, drug delivery, nanoparticles