Appendicitis Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

We report the case of a 28-year-old male patient with a history of voluntary ingestion of a metallic pellet 20 days before who was transferred to our department with typical symptoms of acute appendicitis. Under that circumstances he... more

We report the case of a 28-year-old male patient with a history of voluntary ingestion of a metallic pellet 20 days before who was transferred to our department with typical symptoms of acute appendicitis. Under that circumstances he underwent conventional appendectomy. The analysis of the preoperative imaging tests and the intraoperative findings help to identify the association between the foreign body and acute appendicitis. Ingestion of foreign bodies, either accidental or voluntary, is an extremely uncommon cause of acute appendicitis; thus, there are few reports in the international literature. This is the first case reported in Argentina.

Efforts to recognize SARS–CoV-2 infection have focused on respiratory symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath. Although it is also well known that SARS–CoV-2 infection can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain,... more

Efforts to recognize SARS–CoV-2 infection have focused on respiratory symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath. Although it is also well known that SARS–CoV-2 infection can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea, there are emerging reports of SARS–CoV-2 infection causing surgical pathology. We present the first case report of SARS–CoV-2 infection directly causing acute appendicitis, first suspected due to highly atypical histological features and later confirmed as polymerase chain reaction positive appendicular tissue sample.

Major surgical societies advised using non-operative management of appendicitis and suggested against laparoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The hypothesis is that a significant reduction in the number of emergent appendectomies was... more

Major surgical societies advised using non-operative management of appendicitis and suggested against laparoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The hypothesis is that a significant reduction in the number of emergent appendectomies was observed during the pandemic, restricted to complex cases. The study aimed to analyse emergent surgical appendectomies during pandemic on a national basis and compare it to the same period of the previous year. This is a multicentre, retrospective, observational study investigating the outcomes of patients undergoing emergent appendectomy in March–April 2019 vs March–April 2020. The primary outcome was the number of appendectomies performed, classified according to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) score. Secondary outcomes were the type of surgical technique employed (laparoscopic vs open) and the complication rates. One thousand five hundred forty one patients with acute appendicitis underwent surgery during the two study per...

Acute appendicitis is a diagnostic dilemma in young female patients. Ultrasonography has an important role in making preoperative diagnosis and ruling out other gynecological pathologies in women. Objectives: (1) To determine the... more

Acute appendicitis is a diagnostic dilemma in young female patients. Ultrasonography has an important role in making preoperative diagnosis and ruling out other gynecological pathologies in women. Objectives: (1) To determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for acute appendicitis. (2) To compare it with impression, in female patients. Design: Cross-sectional comparative study. Setting: Female Surgical department. Combined Hospital, Rawalpindi. Period: Mar 2006 - Jun 2008. Patients and Methods: 214 consecutive female patients presenting with pain right lower abdomen were enrolled. The patients were assessed clinically. Blood complete picture and urine analysis was carried out in all patients. Ultrasonography was performed by radiologist with 7.5 MMz short-focused high-resolution probes. Patients were operated upon and appendicectomy was done. Specimens were sent for histopathology to confirm appendicitis. Results: Ultrasound supported the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in...

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common emergency surgical problems which could result due to obstructive or non-obstructive causes. The obstructive type progresses fast and could result in complications like gangrene... more

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common emergency surgical problems which could result due to obstructive or non-obstructive causes. The obstructive type progresses fast and could result in complications like gangrene formation and perforation frequently than the non-obstructive type. Uncomplicated cases of appendicitis can be managed conservatively, however complicated and impending to complicate cases need emergency surgical intervention to reduce the morbidity and mortality rates. Though, with pre-operative sonography, which is the principle imaging modality used for the differentiation between the complicated or uncomplicated type of appendicitis is possible, it is still challenging to find the cases that are impending to complicate. Aim: To assess the role of Doppler study in differentiating the uncomplicated, complicated and impending to complicate cases among acute appendicitis patients. Materials and Methods: Total 70 patients were included in the study wh...

Vijayakumar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original... more

Vijayakumar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Introduction: Acute abdominal pain persists in defying modern diagnostic procedures. Inflammatory response variables in urine and blood tests can help rule out other disorders and support a clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA),... more

Introduction: Acute abdominal pain persists in defying modern diagnostic procedures. Inflammatory response variables in urine and blood tests can help rule out other disorders and support a clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA), but there is no specific blood test that can diagnose AA. In order to address this, our study sought to establish the value of (NLR) as a prognostic and severity predictor in patients with AA. Material and method: We conducted an observational retrospective study of 356 patients who had undergone surgery for AA, assessing NLR as an outcome metric. The NLR was estimated using the differential WBC (white blood count) reported on admission; the data obtained were then recorded in a database and statistically analyzed. Results: The NLR medians correlated (p<0.001) in uncomplicated AA, AA with localized peritonitis, and AA with generalized peritonitis (Kruskal-Wallis test). The ROC curve identified 81.4 % sensitivity, 62.5 % specificity, and a 73 % AUC...

Bacteria of the genus Actinomyces are non-spore-forming filamentous, Microaerophilic or strict anaerobic, Gram-positive bacilli, mainly belonging to the human commensal flora of the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital... more

Bacteria of the genus Actinomyces are non-spore-forming filamentous, Microaerophilic or strict anaerobic, Gram-positive bacilli, mainly belonging to the human commensal flora of the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital tract; Actynomicosis israelii is most frequently isolated in human infection by this bacteria (90% of the cases), and is a very rare, generally a polymicrobial granulomatous infection which affects the cervicofacial (55% of all cases), abdominopelvic (22%) and thoracic (15%) regions, causing formation of abscesses, woody fibrosis and sinus discharge of characteristic sulfur granules. We present the case of a 42 year old patient with no prior medical history who presented to the emergency room with acute onset abdominal pain in the lower right quadrant, leukocytosis and neutrophilia, as well as ultrasonographic images which suggested acute appendicitis, the patient underwent laparoscopic appendectomy and cultures of abscesses surrounding the appendix were...

Background and Objecitves: Appendicitis is one of the most frequent surgical emergencies in pediatric surgery. Complicated appendicitis can evolve with appendicular peritonitis characterized by the diffusion of the pathological process to... more

Background and Objecitves: Appendicitis is one of the most frequent surgical emergencies in pediatric surgery. Complicated appendicitis can evolve with appendicular peritonitis characterized by the diffusion of the pathological process to the peritoneal cavity, thus producing generalized or localized inflammation of the peritoneum. The capacity to anticipate the possibility of perforation in acute appendicitis can direct prompt management and lower morbidity. There is no specific symptom that could be used to anticipate complicated appendicitis, and diagnostic clues include a longer period of symptoms, diffuse peritoneal signs, high fever, elevated leukocytosis and CRP, hyponatremia, and high ESR. Imagistic methods, particularly US and CT, are useful but not sufficient. There are no traditional inflammation biomarkers able to predict the evolution of uncomplicated to complicated appendicitis alone, but the predictive capacity of novel biomarkers is being investigated. Materials and ...

Background and Objectives: To assess the current practice pattern in the management of pediatric acute appendicitis in Romania. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was emailed to all the members of the Romanian Society of Pediatric... more

Background and Objectives: To assess the current practice pattern in the management of pediatric acute appendicitis in Romania. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was emailed to all the members of the Romanian Society of Pediatric Surgery between June–July 2022. Results: 118 answers were received, 79.7% responses being from permanent staff members. In the diagnosis of appendicitis, complete blood count, C-reactive protein and abdominal ultrasound are the most commonly used diagnostic tools, while appendicitis scores are not widely used (25% of surgeons). In the case of simple appendicitis, 49.2% of surgeons prefer the conservative approach—oral/intravenous antibiotics. Those who choose the operative approach begin preoperative antibiotics in 56.7% of patients. In case of a stable patient, only 16.7% of surgeons will operate during the night. Laparoscopic approach is chosen by 51.7% of surgeons. In the case of a complicated appendicitis, 92.4% of surgeons will perform the appende...

Background: Acute appendicitis is a common acute abdominal condition that all surgeons confront. The early detection of patients who could go in for complication is critical so that appropriate treatment can be initiated to reduce... more

Background: Acute appendicitis is a common acute abdominal condition that all surgeons confront. The early detection of patients who could go in for complication is critical so that appropriate treatment can be initiated to reduce mortality. There is no pre-operative investigation which accurately point out the patients who are going to develop severe disease. Hence this prospective study was done to identify whether preoperative bilirubin level can predict the severity of the disease.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Venjaramoodu, Trivandrum on 100 consecutive patients who were clinically diagnosed as acute appendicitis. These patients were evaluated with Alvarado score. In addition, preoperative bilirubin level and liver enzymes were estimated. Ultrasound abdomen was done preoperatively routinely. After surgery histopathology was studied. The parameters which showed statistically significant...

Introduction: Seeds may be found in gastrointestinal tissue samples, and their multifaceted appearance may be challenging. The aim is to report a rough incidence of pathology samples which show seeds, specify the most frequent sample... more

Introduction: Seeds may be found in gastrointestinal tissue samples, and their multifaceted appearance may be challenging. The aim is to report a rough incidence of pathology samples which show seeds, specify the most frequent sample types and show an iconography of the most commonly identified seeds.Materials and Methods: Between 2017 and 2020, all gastrointestinal pathology cases in which seeds/seed parts were found, were collected and seed type described by referencing a seed image library.Results: Fifty cases with complete seeds/seed parts were collected: 16 colonic resections for colorectal cancer and diverticulosis, 13 appendiceal resections for appendicitis, 1 gastric resection. Fifteen cases were found in polypectomy specimens and 5 cases in colorectal endoscopic biopsies. Most frequent seed types were tomato, kiwi, blueberry, and blackberry seeds.Conclusion: Seeds may be found in up to 4% of specimens; their recognition may be useful to exclude parasitic infections as well ...

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis.... more

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality wa...

Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. Differences between high- and low-income settings in the availability of laparoscopic appendectomy, alternative management choices, and outcomes are poorly described.... more

Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. Differences between high- and low-income settings in the availability of laparoscopic appendectomy, alternative management choices, and outcomes are poorly described. The aim was to identify variation in surgical management and outcomes of appendicitis within low-, middle-, and high-Human Development Index (HDI) countries worldwide. This is a multicenter, international prospective cohort study. Consecutive sampling of patients undergoing emergency appendectomy over 6 months was conducted. Follow-up lasted 30 days. 4546 patients from 52 countries underwent appendectomy (2499 high-, 1540 middle-, and 507 low-HDI groups). Surgical site infection (SSI) rates were higher in low-HDI (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.33-4.99, p = 0.005) but not middle-HDI countries (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.76-2.52, p = 0.291), compared with high-HDI countries after adjustment. A laparoscopic approach was common in high-HDI countries (1693/2499, 67.7%), but...

Appendicitis is one of the most common abdominal inflammations in daily emergency cases. The diagnosis of appendicitis is often delayed because the symptoms resemble other abdominal emergencies. The present research aimed to describe the... more

Appendicitis is one of the most common abdominal inflammations in daily emergency cases. The diagnosis of appendicitis is often delayed because the symptoms resemble other abdominal emergencies. The present research aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of acute appendicitis patients. The research design is a cohort retrospective study employing appendicitis patients' medical record data at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020. The variables obtained through the patient records were age, gender, domicile location, vital signs, physical examination, blood laboratory, ultrasound, histopathology, postoperative diagnosis, the incidence of peritonitis, and length of stay. The median age value in patients with appendicitis was 27 years (0-95), and the largest group was young adults (19-44 years). Abdominal pain was found in almost all research subjects. The median of leukocytes was 10.1 (3.32-65.80)×10 6/ ml and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was 3.52 (0.47-30.57)/µl. The median percentage of the neutrophil count was 70.7 (27.90-94.81). The final diagnosis of complicated appendicitis was more than uncomplicated appendicitis (51.2% vs. 48.8%). We conclude that several detailed parameters, such as the location of abdominal pain, leukocyte count, and NLR can help the physician diagnose appendicitis and guide surgeons in deciding the type of surgery.

Introduction: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a regional anesthesia that involves the infiltration of local anesthetic in between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscle plane. This block provides post-operative... more

Introduction: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a regional anesthesia that involves the infiltration of local anesthetic in between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscle plane. This block provides post-operative analgesia and reduces the requirement of opioids consumption. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of TAP block in providing postoperative analgesia in women undergoing caesarean section. Methodology: This was a hospital based prospective, comparative, cross sectional study conducted in 70 patients from 17th September 2018 to 17th February 2019 undergoing caesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A patients received TAP block with 0.5% Ropivacaine versus Group B patients received injection paracetamol 1gm intravenous every 8 hourly as a standard and routine analgesic. At the end of the surgery, TAP block was performed by anesthesiologist and assessment of postoperative pain using a visual analogue pain ...

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis.... more

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality wa...

Acute appendicitis is a quite common condition in children, but it is very less common in neonates and infants. Acute appendicitis has several ways of presentations but its presentation as mechanical obstruction is very rare. We report a... more

Acute appendicitis is a quite common condition in children, but it is very less common in neonates and infants. Acute appendicitis has several ways of presentations but its presentation as mechanical obstruction is very rare. We report a case of a 16 days old male patients who presented with acute intestinal obstruction due to appendicular band syndrome, and had been treated successfully in our institute.