Cadmium oxides Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Rapid breakdown anodization (RBA) process was used to fabricate TiO2 sensor to measure pressure and humidity and sense gases at room temperature. This chemical process transformed Ti to its oxide (TiO2) as a powder with amorphous phase as X ray diffraction (XRD) technique confirmed. This oxide consisted from semi spherical nanoparticles and titania nanotubes (TNTs) as Scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique showed. TiO2 powder was deposited on Ti substrates by using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. Average pressure sensitivity was 0.34 MÎ©/bar and hysteresis area was 1.4 MÎ© .bar. Resistance of TiO2 decreased exponentially with the increasing of relative humidity (RH%). The sensitivity% of TiO2 for RH% was greater than 70% in the range of (50-95). TiO2 was tested as a sensor for Ammonia, Ethanol and Methanol. Its sensitivity and selectivity towards Ammonia were the greatest but the shortest response and recovery times were recorded toward Methanol.

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- Materials Science, Relative Humidity, Scanning Electron Microscope, Anodizing

- by Arturs Brekis
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- Materials Science, Sustainable Development, Waste recycling, Molten Salt
- by Siddhartha Sen
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- Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Magnetism, Mathematical Sciences

Alkaline nickel-cadmium batteries are among the most used industrial high-power sources. Despite stricter environmental requirements, nickel-cadmium batteries still remain as the main choice for highly reliable power sources for heavy-loaded equipment. Therefore, recovery of cadmium (Cd) from spent batteries is a challenge for the modern recycling industry, particularly as it displays high bio-toxicity. The present study describes a new green approach for Cd recovery from cadmium oxide (CdO). The paper discusses using a ternary chloride composition consisting of calcium, potassium and sodium chloride, thereby avoiding the release of Cd vapour from the reaction volume during the reduction reaction from CdO. For the protective slag layer during the reduction process (which occurs at 650 • C), a 0.515:0.0796:0.405 molar ratio of CaCl 2 :KCl:NaCl was chosen, with the aim of achieving a melting point at 483 • C. To describe phase and elemental composition of obtained products X-ray diffraction analysis and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively, were applied. Electron and optical microscopy were used for morphological observations. The presence of the metallic Cd was noted. During the reduction reaction, it was noted that slag separated into two parts: a protective upper layer and bottom layer. It was also noted that metallic Cd accumulated with increasing reaction time in the bottom part of the slag.

- by Arturs Brekis
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- Sustainable Development, Molten Salt, Cadmium, Nickel Cadmium Batteries

The study here deals with the plant synthesis of cadmium oxide nanoparticles using flowers extract ofAchillea wilhelmsiias the reducing agent. The photosynthesis is carried out at room temperature in the laboratory ambience. The aqueous cadmium ions when exposed to flower extract were reduced and resulted in their nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using techniques such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. Stable cadmium oxide nanoparticles were formed by treating aqueous solution of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) with the plant flower extracts as reducing agent.

- by javad karimi
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- Chemistry, Nanoparticle, Nuclear Chemistry, Cadmium

Electrochemical water splitting is one of the promising way to enhance energy with less outflow. In this regard different electrocatalysts have been reported for Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) to get alternative of noble metal based electrocatalysts. In this work, we have introduced Cadmium-oxide/Cobalt-oxide (CdO/Co3O4) nanocomposite by co-precipitation chemical strategy with impressive OER performance in alkaline medium. Almost 310 mV overpotential value is required to achieve 10 mA/cm2 current density with Tafel slope value of 62 mV/Dec. The as synthesized nanocomposite has stability of 6h as its longer electrochemical performance

- by Jaleel Laghari
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- Chemical Engineering, Materials Science, Electrochemistry, Nanocomposite

- by Mukhtiar Ahmed
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- Chemical Engineering, Materials Science, Electrochemistry, Nanocomposite

We investigated the effects of both intrinsic defects and hydrogen atom impurities on the magnetic properties of MgO samples. MgO in its pure defect-free state is known to be a nonmagnetic semiconductor. We employed density-functional theory and the Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof (HSE) density functional. The calculated formation energy and total magnetic moment indicated that uncharged {\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{Mg}}^{0}VMg0andsinglychargedV Mg 0 and singly chargedVMg0andsinglycharged{\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{Mg}}^{-1}$$ V Mg - 1 magnesium vacancies are more stable than oxygen vacancies (VO) under O-rich growth conditions and introduce a magnetic moment to MgO. The calculated density of states (DOS) results demonstrated that magnetic moments of VMg result from spin polarization of an unpaired electron of the partially occupied valence band, which is dominated by O 2p orbitals. Based on our calculations, VMg is the origin of magnetism and ferromagnetism in MgO. In contrast, the magnetic moment of the magnetic VMg-MgO crystal is s...

- by Ittipon Fongkaew
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Electrochemical water splitting is one of the promising ways to enhance energy with less outflow. In this regard different electrocatalysts have been reported for Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) to get alternative of noble metal based electrocatalysts. In this work, we have introduced Cadmium-oxide/Cobalt-oxide (CdO/Co3O4) nanocomposite by co-precipitation chemical strategy with impressive OER performance in alkaline medium. Almost 310 mV overpotential value is required to achieve 10 mA/cm2 current density with Tafel slope value of 62 mV/Dec. The as synthesized nanocomposite has stability of 6h as its longer electrochemical performance.

- by IJOEST Journal
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- Electrochemistry, Cobalt Oxide, Electrocatalyst, Oxygen evolution reaction

Ferromagnetic oxide semiconductors exhibiting efficient luminescent properties together with robust ferromagnetism above room temperature form an exclusive class of spintronic materials endowed with both charge and spin degrees of freedom.

- by Swati Bishnoi
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- RSC

We have synthesized pure, mixed and multicomponent structures by coupling different cost-effective techniques. Prepared TiO2-based hierarchically assembled nanostructures have been thoroughly characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sensing properties of materials have been studied towards explosive and toxic gaseous compounds. Investigations have shown the material crystalline structure, the variation of mixture concentration in the material and the modification of carbon-based layers have crucial effect on the response and the selectivity of materials. The obtained results demonstrate that the prepared multicomponent structures can be applied in the area of chemical sensors for the environmental monitoring and medical diagnoses.

- by Vardan Galstyan
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- by Resky Irfanita
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- Condensed Matter Physics
- by Massimiliano D'Arienzo
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- RSC

Background: Inorganic antibacterial factors have bacterial resistance and high thermal stability. Inorganic
nanomaterials which have new structures with biological, chemical and physical properties have been made
since their applications due to their nano size. In this study, the antibacterial effect of cadmium oxide
nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria was investigated.
Materials and Methods: The different concentrations (10 μg/ml, 15 μg/ml and 20 μg/ml) of cadmium oxide
nanoparticles were prepared and their effects were studied against considered bacteria in both solid and
liquid media.
Results: The results showed that there is a direct relationship between inhibitory effect and amount of
consumer dose of nanoparticles. Furthermore, it was observed that antibacterial properties of cadmium oxide
nanoparticles on activity and growth of Staphylococcus aureus was more effective than Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Conclusion: This study showed that antibacterial effects of cadmium oxide nanoparticles on positive gram bacteria
are stronger than negative gram bacteria and antibacterial effects of cdo nanoparticles against both bacteria,
but Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were more sensitive to nanoparticles as compared to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

- by Dr. Bahare Salehi
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- Microbiology, Nanoparticles, Nanotechnology, Nanoscience

For many centuries, the metals are used as the antibacterial factors. Whereas, the nanoparticles are mostly heavy metal oxides, they have a high tendency to interact with biological molecules and develop the deactivation or elimination of the virus or bacteria. In the present study, the antibacterial effect of Cadmium Oxide nanoparticles on Pseudomonas Aeruginosa bacteria was analyzed which are considered some sort of resistant bacteria against antibiotics now. The aim of his study was to investigate the antibacterial properties of onekind of nno-specimen (cdo) against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. Our study was research perusal. In the first study, the optical density of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa culture was observed in the presence of 5, 10, 15µg/ml. in the scond study, 600nm of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa was separately exposed to nanoparticles at 37° c in water. In third study, we studied thew growth of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in solid medium with and without nanoparticles. The results represented that there is a direct relation between the nanoparticles applied dosage and the restrain effect-augmentation of applied dosage results in restrain effect increase. In the study of environmental factors (pH and temperature), the results are in line with the inherent physiology of the bacteria, however, there was a significant decline in the number of analyzed bacteria cells due to the Double Effect of nanoparticle-pH variations as well as nanoparticle-temperature variations. In the present study, enhancement in

The work reported here deals with synthesis and characterization of cadmium oxide nanoparticles. The main goal of this synthesis to study antibacterial effects of cadmium oxide nanoparticles. This study includes characterization using... more

- by Rabinder Henry
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- Bioengineering, Pharmacology, Pharmacy, Biotechnology

Highly sensitive and selective detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with fast response time is imperative based on safety requirements, yet often remains a challenge. Herein, we propose an effective solution, preparing a novel gas sensor comprised of amorphous nanoflake arrays (a-NFAs) with specific surface groups. The sensor was produced via an extremely simple process in which a-NFAs of CdO were deposited directly onto an interdigital electrode immersed in a chemical bath under ambient conditions. Upon exposure to a widely used VOC, diethyl ether (DEE), the sensor exhibits excellent performance, more specifically, the quickest response, lowest detection limit and highest selectivity ever reported for DEE as a target gas. The superior gas-sensing properties of the prepared a-NFAs are found to arise from their open trumpet-shaped morphology, defect-rich amorphous nature, and surface C]O groups.

- by Sergei Kulinich
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- Gas sensing, Chemical Bath Deposition Method, Nanoflakes, Cadmium oxides

We obtain a single cadmium oxide phase from powder synthesized by a thermal decomposition method of cadmium acetate dehydrate. The yielded powder is annealed in air, vacuum, and H 2 gas in order to create point defects. Magnetization-field curves reveal the appearance of diamagnetic behavior with a ferromagnetic component for all the powders. Powder annealing under vacuum and H 2 atmosphere leads to a saturation magnetization 1.15 memu g À1 and 1.2 memu g À1 respectively with an increase by 45% and 16% compared to the one annealed in air. We show that annealing in vacuum produces mainly oxygen vacancies while annealing in H 2 gas creates mainly Cd vacancy leading to room temperature ferromagnetic (RTFM) component together with known diamagnetic properties. Ab initio calculations performed on the CdO nanoparticles show that the magnetism is governed by polarized hybrid states of the Cd d and O p orbitals together with the vacancy.