Disease susceptibility Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Genetics, Adolescent, Medicine, Disease susceptibility
- by Sheldon Cohen
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- Cytokines, Inflammation, Multidisciplinary, Disease susceptibility

In an increasing proportion of cases, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mutations in telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) are associated with familial liver diseases. The aim of this study was to examine telomere length and germline hTERT mutations as associated with NAFLD-HCC. In 40 patients with NAFLD-HCC, 45 with NAFLD-cirrhosis and 64 healthy controls, peripheral blood telomere length was evaluated by qRT-PCR and hTERT coding regions and intron-exon boundaries sequenced. We further analyzed 78 patients affected by primary liver cancer (NAFLD-PLC, 76 with HCC). Enrichment of rare coding mutations (allelic frequency <0.001) was evaluated by Burden test. Functional consequences were estimated in silico and by over-expressing protein variants in HEK-293 cells. We found that telomere length was reduced in individuals with NAFLD-HCC versus those with cirrhosis (P = 0.048) and healthy controls (P = 0.0006), indepen...

- by Andrea Caddeo
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- Computational Biology, Disease susceptibility, Telomerase, Humans

The authors describe a clinical case of cutaneous candidiasis in a dog with dermatological lesions, characterized by persistent alopecia, crusts, ulcers and scales. Predisposing factors such as the use of corticosteroids, the concomitan presence of an autoimmune disease (pemphigus foliaceus) and an infection of ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia canis were observed. Histopathological findings included signs of orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis, moderate follicular keratosis and light epidermic acanthosis. The reactive process included an infiltrative superficial dermatitis and a mural folliculitis with prevalent participation of macrophages and lymphocytes. The application of PCR-Restriction Enzyme Analysis (REA) method on cutaneous specimens in veterinary medicine is an extremely interesting diagnostic tool. Its use, together with other techniques, such as mycologic, cytologic and histological examinations, allowed us to identify Candida albicans as aetiological agent in this particular ...

- by Emanuele De Gasperis
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- Disease susceptibility, Dogs, Autoimmune diseases, Animals
- by Sylvie Daulouède
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- Immunology, Kinetics, Immunology of the Gut, Innate immunity
- by Supatra Thongrungkiat and +1
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- Thailand, Disease susceptibility, Dengue Virus, Biological Sciences
- by Sanjiv Mahadeva
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- Risk, Membrane Proteins, Disease susceptibility, Humans

As the human ovarian follicle enlarges in the course of a regular cycle or following controlled ovarian stimulation, the changes in its structure reveal the oocyte environment composed of cumulus oophorus cells and the follicular fluid (FF).In contrast to the dynamic nature of cells, the fluid compartment appears as a reservoir rich in biomolecules. In some aspects, it is similar to the plasma, but it also exhibits differences that likely relate to its specific localization around the oocyte. The chemical composition indicates that the follicular fluid is able to detect and buffer excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species, employing a variety of antioxidants, some of them components of the intracellular milieu.An important part is played by albumin through specific cysteine residues. But the fluid contains other molecules whose cysteine residues may be involved in sensing and buffering the local oxidative conditions. How these molecules are recruited and regulated to intervene su...

- by Liliana Matos
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- Chemistry, Oxidative Stress, Medicine, Oogenesis
- by Matthew Goldenberg
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- Demography, Psychiatry, Suicide, Social Support
- by M. Listgarten
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- Dentistry, Disease susceptibility, Humans, Chronic Disease
- by Lauren Zeise
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- Risk assessment, Multidisciplinary, Disease susceptibility, Monte Carlo Simulations

We have previously shown that two circular plasmid-like DNAs (the S and the R plasmids) can be found in the mitochondria of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), a dioecious monocotyledonous tree. The two plasmids differ essentially by the absence, in the R plasmid, of a 109-bp DNA segment. Using 36 date palm varieties and employing a PCR-based approach, we show that the simultaneous presence of the R plasmid and absence of the S plasmid can be considered as a reliable molecular marker of resistance to a vascular wilt (Bayoud disease) caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis. Conversely, the simultaneous presence of the S plasmid and absence of the R plasmid is correlated to Bayoud disease susceptibility The availibility of this diagnostic tool for plasmid characterization should subsequently allow simple, rapid and efficient selection of Bayoud-resistant individuals from the large number of date palms obtained by natural crosses which display good date quality.

- by Abdel-Ali Benslimane
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- Technology, Disease susceptibility, Biological Sciences, Mitochondrial DNA
- by Andrew Griffiths
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- Genetics, Molecular Evolution, East Africa, Disease susceptibility
- by Lise Jensen
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- Genetics, Multiple sclerosis, Disease susceptibility, T cell receptor
- by zakir ullah
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- Pediatrics, Cleft Palate, Disease susceptibility, Down Syndrome
- by Nadia Moustafa
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- Epidemiology, Egypt, Adolescent, Disease susceptibility
- by Gregg Brill
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- Disease susceptibility, Blood Glucose, Stress response, Fisheries Sciences

To ascertain whether brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sp. infests resistant (beagle) and susceptible (English cocker spaniel) dogs differently, five animals of each breed were maintained in a kennel whose walls were infested with 7,000... more

- by Marcelo Guimarães
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- Zoology, Animal Behavior, Disease susceptibility, Dogs
- by Silvio Ferreira
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- Engineering, Algorithms, Biophysics, Communicable Diseases
- by Jutta Ernst
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- Cognitive Science, Causality, Medicine, Prevention
- by Julian Little
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- Genetics, Disease susceptibility, TIME, Association study
- by Max Heiland
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- Dentistry, Thermography, Disease susceptibility, Soft Tissue Preservation

Multiple respiratory abnormalities can be found in anxiety disorders, especially in panic disorder (PD). Individuals with PD experience unexpected panic attacks, characterized by anxiety and fear, resulting in a number of autonomic and respiratory symptoms. Respiratory stimulation is a common event during panic attacks. The respiratory abnormality most often reported in PD patients is increased CO 2 sensitivity, which has

- by Rafael Freire
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- Carbon Dioxide, Disease susceptibility, Humans, Cognitive behavior therapy

Avian influenza has emerged as one of the most ubiquitous viruses within our biosphere. Wild aquatic birds are believed to be the primary reservoir of all influenza viruses; however, the spillover of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and the recent swine-origin pandemic H1N1 viruses have sparked increased interest in identifying and understanding which and how many species can be infected. Moreover, novel influenza virus sequences were recently isolated from New World bats. Crocodilians have a slow rate of molecular evolution and are the sister group to birds; thus they are a logical reptilian group to explore susceptibility to influenza virus infection and they provide a link between birds and mammals. A primary American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) cell line, and embryos, were infected with four, low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) strains to assess susceptibility to infection. Embryonated alligator eggs supported virus replication, as evidenced by the influenza virus M gene and infectious virus detected in allantoic fluid and by virus antigen staining in embryo tissues. Primary alligator cells were also inoculated with the LPAI viruses and showed susceptibility based upon antigen staining; however, the requirement for trypsin to support replication in cell culture limited replication. To assess influenza virus replication in culture, primary alligator cells were inoculated with H1N1 human influenza or H5N1 HPAI viruses that replicate independent of trypsin. Both viruses replicated efficiently in culture, even at the 30 C temperature preferred by the alligator cells. This research demonstrates the ability of wild-type influenza viruses to infect and replicate within two crocodilian substrates and suggests the need for further research to assess crocodilians as a species potentially susceptible to influenza virus infection.

- by Elizabeth Uhl
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- Biology, Medicine, Disease susceptibility, Wildlife Diseases
- by Gilad Bachrach
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- Zoology, Dentistry, Biomedical Engineering, Nonparametric Statistics
- by Hendrikus Hendriksen
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- Psychology, Animal Behavior, Neuropharmacology, Disease susceptibility
- by Alberto Carrieri
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- Dentistry, Research Design, Nonparametric Statistics, Disease susceptibility
- by Sreeram Ramagopalan
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- Multiple sclerosis, Disease susceptibility, Humans, Risk factors

This study examines the correlates of self-diagnosis of chronic medical and mental health conditions in under-served minority populations. The Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations was employed to compare the predisposing and enabling characteristics of two groups: the first group consisted of individuals who self-reported their medical conditions without a presumptive or definitive physician diagnosis, while the second group consisted of individuals who self-reported their medical conditions with a presumptive or definitive physician diagnosis of their condition. The sample consisted of 287 African American and Latino heads of household. This sample was obtained from a geographically defined random sample of 418 households from three urban public housing communities in Los Angeles County, California. This study was a cross-sectional, face-to-face, semistructured interview survey. Using logistic regression techniques and controlling for demographic characteristics, the results...

- by Ronald Andersen
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- Mental Health, Disease susceptibility, Logistic Regression, Los Angeles
- by Torben W Schou
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- Zoology, Vietnam, Disease susceptibility, DNA
- by Stuart Carter
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- Disease susceptibility, Female, Animals, Cattle
- by Robbert Sanderman and +1
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- Psychology, Health Promotion, Mental Health, Life Style
- by Erin Costanzo
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- Psychology, Health Psychology, Health Behavior, Immunology

Th is study of the relationship bet ween den tal anxiety and psych ological and behavioral variables suggests that the most important factor in explaining the variance in children's perceived dental anxiety is their level of general... more

- by Yahya Pasdar
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- Psychology, Behavioral Medicine, Medicine, Disease susceptibility

Autism, archetype of the autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by socially aloof behavior and impairment of language and social interaction. Its prevalence has surged in recent years. Advanced functional brain imaging has confirmed pervasive neurologic involvement. Parent involvement in autism management has accelerated understanding and treatment. Often accompanied by epilepsy, cognitive deficits, or other neurologic impairment, autism manifests in the first three years of life and persists into adulthood. Its etiopathology is poorly defined but likely multifactorial with heritability playing a major role. Prenatal toxic exposures (teratogens) are consistent with autism spectrum symptomatology. Frequent vaccinations with live virus and toxic mercurial content (thimerosal) are a plausible etiologic factor. Autistic children frequently have abnormalities of sulfoxidation and sulfation that compromise liver detoxification, which may contribu...

- by Leonardo Minatel
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- Microbiology, Immunology, Disease susceptibility, Biological Sciences
- by Michael Glick
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- Dentistry, Leukemia, Disease susceptibility, Periodontology
- by Consuelo Carrillo and +1
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- Disease susceptibility, Female, Animals, Male
- by A. Rementeria and +1
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- Oxidative Stress, Disease susceptibility, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, Virulence
- by Patricia Rieker
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- Sociology, Psychology, Health Behavior, Sex
- by Andrea Marzi
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- Disease susceptibility, Cell line, Humans, Sequence alignment
- by Jerrold Heindel
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- Obesity, Reproduction, Disease susceptibility, Nuclear Receptor
- by Thomas Proft
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- Immunology, Disease susceptibility, Humans, Autoimmune diseases

We describe antibody isotype patterns resulting from Schistosoma japonicum infection among 155 individuals 5-76 years old from a community in Leyte, The Philippines. Their exposure, infection, and reinfection status had been observed in a previously described water contact study used to categorically classify them as putative resistant or susceptible individuals. Antigens tested for specific antibody isotype responses were soluble worm antigen preparation (SWAP) and soluble egg antigen (SEA) and a panel of recombinant molecules. The study was aimed primarily at evaluating antigen-specific antibody responses and their potential in inducing protection among putative resistant individuals. Specific antibody responses suggestive of an involvement in protection were an IgE response to SWAP among females less than 20 years of age (5-19) and IgA responses to SWAP in the younger (5-19 years) age groups. Compatible with other studies on human schistosomes, IgM reactivities to SWAP and SEA in...

- by Luz Acosta
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- Cytokines, Adolescent, Disease susceptibility, Humans
- by Michael Kosoy
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- Zoology, Entomology, Global Health, Natural History

In this paper, we discuss the effect of non-homogeneity of the spontaneous polarization on electric susceptibility of ferroelectric films. Since the electric susceptibility represents response of the ferroelectrics to the given electric fields, hence determination of this parameter is very important. Using layer model, the spontaneous polarizations are calculated for each layer. Then these values are used in determining the electric susceptibility numerically. In this process, the effective medium theory is employed. It is found that the inhomogeneity of spontaneous polarization, especially near surface or bottom of the film, generates the small disturbance near resonance frequency of the ferroelectrics. The small dip appears in the susceptibility spectroscopy near the sharp dip which represents resonance. As the thickness of the film decreases, the small disturbance in susceptibility spectroscopy is increasingly visible. It means that the effect of inhomogeneity (surface effect) cannot be negligible in thin film. This result also shows the possibility to probe the surface effect by measuring reflectance while varying the frequency of incident wave.

ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus that has taken a toll on people all over the world. Previous studies have demonstration association of ABO blood groups with increased susceptibility to various conditions such as infection with Helicobacter pylori, Hepatitis B virus and Norwalk virus and even SARS-CoV-1. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the association between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 in a tertiary care hospital in western Uttar Pradesh, India.
Methods: The study included data from 500 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients who were referred to the hospital. Diagnosis of COVID-19 was made using RT-PCR. Data including demographic information, comorbidities, ABO blood group, Rh factor, clinical severity as well as the need for assisted ventilation, ICU admission and plasma therapy were collected from patients’ medical records. The Pearson’s correlation, chi square and Fischer exact tests were used to analyze data at significance of 0.05.
Results: Frequency of COVID-19 was highest in blood group B (34.8%) and lowest in blood group AB (11.2%). Furthermore, patients with blood group A had significantly more severe form of COVID-19 when compared to patients with other blood groups. The frequency of ICU admission, assisted ventilation and plasma therapy was significantly higher in patients with blood group A than in patients with other blood groups.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that patients with blood group A are at higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 infection that may require assisted ventilation and ICU admission. Hence, these patients might require more vigilant surveillance and aggressive treatment measures. Further studies are required to validate these findings.
Keywords: ABO Blood-Group System, COVID-19, Disease Susceptibility, SARS-CoV-2.

- by Medical Laboratory Journal MLJ and +1
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- Disease susceptibility, Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, ABO Blood-Group System

There is a high prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in men with epilepsy; however, few studies have been conducted concerning the treatment of ED in this neurological group. The main purpose of this review is to highlight the influence of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDEI-5) for ED on seizure susceptibility. All available online articles with information pertaining to PDEI-5 and seizure susceptibility were included in this review. The main outcome assessed demonstrated the intriguing role of PDEI-5 and its metabolites on seizure susceptibility. Case reports in men without epilepsy described seizure occurrence and electrophysiological changes following sildenafil, tadalafil, or vardenafil treatment. Consistent with these findings, preclinical studies suggested a proconvulsant effect of PDEI-5 on models of seizure induction. Evidence suggests an influence of PDEI-5 on seizure susceptibility in humans. In addition, preclinical studies have demonstrated the role of nitric oxide metabolites in the facilitation of paroxysmal phenomenon. Although there are many causes of seizures, medical professionals should be aware of the possible influence of PDEI-5 on seizure susceptibility. Further investigation by physicians and scientists is required to improve our understanding of this important topic.

- by Esper Cavalheiro
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- Disease susceptibility, Erectile dysfunction, Humans, Sexual Medicine