Mamiferos Marinos Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Monografía realizada para la materia "EVOLUCIÓN" de la Licenciatura en Ciencias Biológicas (2007) de la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Es una breve compilación de los autores mas destacados en evolución de mamíferos marinos,... more

Monografía realizada para la materia "EVOLUCIÓN" de la Licenciatura en Ciencias Biológicas (2007) de la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata.
Es una breve compilación de los autores mas destacados en evolución de mamíferos marinos, incluye gráficos y conflictos taxonómicos históricos en la temática recorriendo los diferentes taxones de cetáceos que se reconocen a fecha de 2016.

El grupo de los mamíferos marinos está constituido por tres órdenes: 1) los cetáceos, que a la vez se subdividen en odontocetos (ballenas con dientes) que son los delfines y marsopas, y los misticetos (ballenas verdaderas o con barbas),... more

Las ballenas jorobadas, Megaptera novaeangliae, del Atlántico Norte Occidental migran cada invierno desde sus áreas de alimentación en las aguas costeras frías de Norte América, Groenlandia e Islandia, hasta las aguas cálidas del... more

Las ballenas jorobadas, Megaptera novaeangliae, del Atlántico Norte Occidental migran cada invierno desde sus áreas de alimentación en las aguas costeras frías de Norte América, Groenlandia e Islandia, hasta las aguas cálidas del Atlántico Occidental Tropical y el Caribe insular. El motivo de tan extenso viaje es reproductivo, pues se aparean y paren sus crías en estas bajas latitudes. Es una maravilla de la adaptación natural que estos mamíferos gigantes puedan administrar tan bien sus reservas de energía en un periodo de unos 3-4 meses, usualmente entre Enero–Abril, para realizar ese largo viaje ida y vuelta, emplear energía en el cortejo, las hembras preñadas parir y alimentar sus crías, todo sin alimentarse mientras permanecen en las áreas reproductivas y hacen la travesía.
La Bahía de Samaná es uno de los destinos de una porción de la población, y lo ha sido por mucho tiempo, como lo testifican pictografías tainas en cuevas de la zona. En tiempos mucho más recientes la visita anual ha dado lugar a una actividad turística de observación que es una de las más atractivas en el mundo, por lo cerca que se encuentran las ballenas en la entrada de la bahía. Para la región y el resto del turismo nacional, la observación de ballenas genera una importante actividad económica, en especial para la flota de embarcaciones que provee los servicios

Dicho de esta manera la fauna es el conjunto de especies animales que habitan en una región geográfica, que son propias que se pueden encontrar en un ecosistema determinado en este caso en Ecuador . Tiene una distribución espacial y... more

Dicho de esta manera la fauna es el conjunto de especies animales que habitan en una región geográfica, que son propias que se pueden encontrar en un ecosistema determinado en este caso en Ecuador . Tiene una distribución espacial y depende tanto de factores abióticos (temperatura, disponibilidad de agua) como de factores bióticos. Entre éstos sobresalen las relaciones posibles de competencia o de depredación entre las especies. Muchos animales suelen ser muy sensibles a las perturbaciones que alteran su hábitat.
Este documento aun esta en preparación y constara de 820 paginas aproximadamente , pero adjunto el adelanto de 619 como tema de consulta
AUTOR UNICO : JORGE PABLO CADENA ANCHUNDIA

En la Bahía de La paz se tienen registros de cuatro especies de carnívoros, el lobo común de California, con una población permanente; y observaciones esporádicas del lobo fino de Guadalupe, de la foca común y de la foca elefante. En... more

En la Bahía de La paz se tienen registros de cuatro especies de carnívoros, el lobo común de California, con una población permanente; y observaciones esporádicas del lobo fino de Guadalupe, de la foca común y de la foca elefante. En relación con los cetáceos, se han observado siete de las once especies reconocidas de ballenas
Oarbadas (misticetos), y 20 de las 68 especies reconocidas de cetáceos dentados (odontocetos). Entre estas especies se encuentran algunas típicas de aguas templado-frías (p.e., delfin de costados blancos, zifido de Baird), otras .:aracterísticas de aguas tropicales (p.e., delfin tornillo, delfin de dientes rugosos); algunas que visitan la balía como destino migratorio invernal (p.e., ballena jorobada, ballena azul) y otras que se observan todo el afio (p.e., :ursiones, rorcual común). Esta riqueza específica es de las más altas en el mundo y, combinado con el fácil acceso ; buen clima del lugar, convierten a la Balúa de La Paz en un lugar de gran interés científico y turístico en :-elación con los manúferos marinos que en ella habitan.

The presence of marine mammal remains in prehistoric contexts of the Ibe-rian Peninsula is rare. For this reason, the assemblage recovered in an archaeological site located at the Serpis river mouth, with occupations between the ancient... more

The presence of marine mammal remains in prehistoric contexts of the Ibe-rian Peninsula is rare. For this reason, the assemblage recovered in an archaeological site located at the Serpis river mouth, with occupations between the ancient epicardial Neolithic and contemporary times is exceptional. In two of the final Neolithic / Chalcolithic structures of the Sanxo Llop Lidl sector excavated in 2016, various cetacean remains have been documented. In one of them a whale's rib and in the other several remains belonging to a dolphin. Previously, in two structures of other two sectors of the same site excavated between 2004 and 2006, the Alqueria de Sant An-dreu and La Vital, two fragments of vertebrae of a large cetacean had been documented, whose marks allow to affirm their use as tables of work or anvils. In this communication all these remains of marine mammals are disclosed and those documented in various prehistoric and ancient sites of the Iberian Peninsula are reviewed. EL YACIMIENTO DE LA VITAL El yacimiento de La Vital se ubica en la llanura litoral sobre una terraza de la margen derecha del río Serpis, a su paso por el término municipal de Gandia. Actualmente su cota sobre el nivel del mar se sitúa sobre los 17 m y dista unos 2,5 km de la línea de costa, aunque el estudio geomorfológico indica que durante el Neolítico estaría en torno a 1 km. En los últimos años esta zona ha sufrido una intensa urbanización, y como consecuencia se han desarrollado diversas campañas de excavaciones Recursos marins en el passat. IV Jornades d'arqueozoologia. Museu de Prehistòria de València (2019): 165-192.

Avila, I.C., C. García, D. Palacios & Caballero, S. 2013. Mamíferos acuáticos de la Región del Pacífico colombiano. Págs: 128- 169. En: Trujillo, F., A. Gärtner, D. Caicedo y M. C. Diazgranados (Eds.). Diagnóstico del estado de... more

El objetivo general de este informe es el apoyo en la gestión del Santuario de Mamíferos Marinos de la República Dominicana a través del Programa de Monitoreo de Ballenas Jorobadas (Esquema 1. y Esquema 2.) y por lo tanto, a su vez,... more

El objetivo general de este informe es el apoyo en la gestión del Santuario de Mamíferos Marinos de la República Dominicana a través del Programa de Monitoreo de Ballenas Jorobadas (Esquema 1. y Esquema 2.) y por lo tanto, a su vez, conservar este recurso natural y proteger la biodiversidad

ENG: Paleohistological study and ontogenetic series of skeletal remains of four different sirenians of the Torreforta's paleontological site (Tarragona), from the middle Miocene. // CAT: Estudi paleohistològic i sèrie ontogènica de restes... more

ENG: Paleohistological study and ontogenetic series of skeletal remains of four different sirenians of the Torreforta's paleontological site (Tarragona), from the middle Miocene. // CAT: Estudi paleohistològic i sèrie ontogènica de restes òssies de quatre individus diferents de sirenis provinents del jaciment paleontològic de Torreforta (Tarragona), del Miocè mitjà. // ESP: Estudio paleohistológico y serie ontogénica de restos óseos de cuatro diferentes individuos de sirenios provenientes del yacimiento paleontológico de Torreforta (Tarragona), del Mioceno medio.

El SFF Malpelo, se constituye como área integral del Corredor Marino del Pacifico Oriental. Por otro es la única isla oceánica del Pacífico Colombiano, que presenta un esquema legal como área protegida, se protegen diferentes componentes... more

El SFF Malpelo, se constituye como área integral del Corredor Marino del Pacifico Oriental. Por otro es la única isla oceánica del Pacífico Colombiano, que presenta un esquema legal como área protegida, se protegen diferentes componentes de la biodiversidad insular terrestre y marina oceánica de Colombia, que la determinan como única zona de protección de especies de interés económico y sitio de especial interés para el desarrollo de la investigación marina y ecoturismo. En este contexto, desde el año 2000 la Fundación Malpelo, como institución de soporte asociada a la gestión administrativa de la Unidad de Parques Nacionales Naturales, viene aplicando una serie de herramientas tendientes a conocer los procesos biológicos para proteger los valores ambientales que persisten en el SFF Malpelo. Estos valores ambientales constituyen parte esencial del patrimonio natural nacional y mundial, al ser esta la única área protegida oceánica del Pacífico colombiano y corresponder a una de las zonas de mejor conservación en el Pacífico Oriental Tropical.

This is the first report of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) and dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) for the Bayahibe area in the Dominican Republic. A total of 10 boat based surveys were carried out, totaling 49.92 hr of survey effort.... more

This is the first report of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) and dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) for
the Bayahibe area in the Dominican Republic. A total of 10 boat based surveys were carried out, totaling 49.92 hr of
survey effort. Cetaceans were observed in 3 out of 10 surveys, totalling 82 organisms sighted. The observed species
were: Tursiops truncatus, Physeter macrocephalus and Kogia sima; recorded at depths of 400 to 1 400 m, over sandy/
rocky bottoms, and a sea surface temperature of 29° to 31° C.

We succinctly review and document new cases of diseases of the skin and the skeletal system and external traumata in cetaceans from Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, and Venezuela. The survey revealed 590 cases... more

We succinctly review and document new cases of diseases of the skin and the skeletal system and external traumata
in cetaceans from Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, and Venezuela. The survey revealed 590 cases
diagnosed with a significant pathology, injury or malformation on a total of 7635 specimens of 12 odontocete species examined
or observed in 1984-2007. Tattoo skin disease (TSD), lobomycosis-like disease (LLD) and cutaneous diseases of unknown aetiology
seem to be emerging in several populations. TSD was confirmed in eight species from the SE Pacific and SW Atlantic. LLD
affected only inshore Tursiops truncatus but was found in four tropical countries, namely Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil.
Lobomycosis was confirmed by histology in one male from the Tramandaí estuary, southern Brazil. All LLD-affected specimens
were encountered in the vicinity of major ports and cities and a possible association with chemical or organic water pollution
is suspected. Whitish velvety cutaneous marks associated with scars occurred in inshore T. truncatus, Sotalia guianensis and
Pseudorca crassidens. Large, rounded lesions were seen in a Cephalorhynchus eutropia calf and a C. commersonii. Cutaneous wounds
and scars as well as body traumata possibly related to net entanglements and boat collisions were observed in 73 delphinids
and Phocoena spinipinnis. Traumatic injuries resulted in the partial or complete amputation and other disfiguring scars of
appendages in 17 cases. Fractures of the skull, ribs and vertebrae thought to be caused by fisheries-related interactions or boat
collisions were seen in single individuals of Delphinus capensis, Lagenorhynchus obscurus, T. truncatus, S. guianensis and Ziphius
cavirostris. Prevalence of osteopathology in small cetaceans from Peru, Brazil and Venezuela ranged widely, from 5.4% to
69.1%. In four species from Peru, lytic cranial lesions were the most frequently observed disease (5.4%-42.9%), followed by
hyperostosis and ankylosing spondylitis in offshore (31%, n=42) and inshore (15.4%, n=26) T. truncatus. Fractures and other
bone traumata were present in 47.2% of 53 axial skeletons of S. guianensis from the northern Rio de Janeiro state (Brazil) in 1987-
1998. A high prevalence (48.4%, n=31) of, apparently congenital, malformations of cervical vertebrae, observed in a 2001-2006
sample, may be explained by a hypothetical genetic bottleneck in this population. Malformations with deficient ossification
would clearly increase susceptibility for fractures. This study demonstrates the utility of a continent-wide analysis to discern
epizootiological trends more readily than any local study could provide. Secondly, it underscores the need for focussed research
on the effects of human activities on the spread of diseases in cetaceans, particularly in near-shore populations that utilize
highly degraded coastal habitats.

With the goal of gathering ecological data to develop future cetacean management and conservation plans, the distribution, home range, and residency of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) were studied in the central-north Mexican... more

Introducción: Los mamíferos marinos están siendo afectados por diferentes amenazas que causan un efecto negativo a las especies o poblaciones. Para mitigar estos impactos se requiere establecer para cada especie la variación espacial y... more

Introducción: Los mamíferos marinos están siendo afectados por diferentes amenazas que causan un efecto negativo a las especies o poblaciones. Para mitigar estos impactos se requiere establecer para cada especie la variación espacial y temporal de estas amenazas. Objetivo: realizar una visualización cuantitativa de las amenazas que afectan a las especies de mamíferos marinos en Colombia en las últimas tres décadas, e identificar las acciones necesarias para mitigar dichas amenazas. Métodos: En el presente estudio se realizó una revisión y georreferenciación de las amenazas documentadas para los mamíferos marinos presentes en Colombia (35 especies) entre 1991 y 2020. Se generó una base de datos con amenazas identificadas, localizadas y fechadas. Adicionalmente se crearon mapas de riesgos, superponiendo los diferentes taxones y amenazas para poder visualizar un panorama general de donde están ocurriendo las amenazas en Colombia. Resultados: El 63 % de los mamíferos marinos en Colombia...

We present an analysis of geographic variation in the diversity of marine mammals at the Mexican Pacific and surrounding waters looking to yield useful elements for the conservation of these animals as around them, important issues on the... more

We present an analysis of geographic variation in the diversity of marine mammals at the Mexican Pacific and surrounding waters looking to yield useful elements for the conservation of these animals as around them, important issues on the use of marine ecosystems are discussed. From the year 1981 to 2006, 54 cruises were made to register a total of 1582 sightings of 31 marine mammal species. We found a qualitative distinction of marine mammals from the North Pacific as well as a primary biogeographic affinity of the Gulf of California with the oceanographic transition zone and the Tropical Pacific. Community structure of marine mammals in the boreal frontier of the oceanographic transition zone is unstable while such structure in the Tropical Pacific appears stable in large and mesoscale. Contrast between effects of climate change on species associated with upwelling and tropical species, shows differences in populational responses of abundance and differences in the formation of coastal and offshore taxa but similarities in populational responses of geographic subdivision. These similar responses consist of populational fractioning associated to climate warming, Thereafter, we have deduced the concern about how the ongoing biosphere warming, in combination with other negative anthropogenic effects, may enhance extinction risk in species with a fragmented population structure.

We succinctly review and document new cases of diseases of the skin and the skeletal system and external traumata in cetaceans from Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, and Venezuela. The survey revealed 590 cases... more

We succinctly review and document new cases of diseases of the skin and the skeletal system and external traumata
in cetaceans from Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, and Venezuela. The survey revealed 590 cases
diagnosed with a significant pathology, injury or malformation on a total of 7635 specimens of 12 odontocete species examined
or observed in 1984-2007. Tattoo skin disease (TSD), lobomycosis-like disease (LLD) and cutaneous diseases of unknown aetiology
seem to be emerging in several populations. TSD was confirmed in eight species from the SE Pacific and SW Atlantic. LLD
affected only inshore Tursiops truncatus but was found in four tropical countries, namely Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil.
Lobomycosis was confirmed by histology in one male from the Tramandaí estuary, southern Brazil. All LLD-affected specimens
were encountered in the vicinity of major ports and cities and a possible association with chemical or organic water pollution
is suspected. Whitish velvety cutaneous marks associated with scars occurred in inshore T. truncatus, Sotalia guianensis and
Pseudorca crassidens. Large, rounded lesions were seen in a Cephalorhynchus eutropia calf and a C. commersonii. Cutaneous wounds
and scars as well as body traumata possibly related to net entanglements and boat collisions were observed in 73 delphinids
and Phocoena spinipinnis. Traumatic injuries resulted in the partial or complete amputation and other disfiguring scars of
appendages in 17 cases. Fractures of the skull, ribs and vertebrae thought to be caused by fisheries-related interactions or boat
collisions were seen in single individuals of Delphinus capensis, Lagenorhynchus obscurus, T. truncatus, S. guianensis and Ziphius
cavirostris. Prevalence of osteopathology in small cetaceans from Peru, Brazil and Venezuela ranged widely, from 5.4% to
69.1%. In four species from Peru, lytic cranial lesions were the most frequently observed disease (5.4%-42.9%), followed by
hyperostosis and ankylosing spondylitis in offshore (31%, n=42) and inshore (15.4%, n=26) T. truncatus. Fractures and other
bone traumata were present in 47.2% of 53 axial skeletons of S. guianensis from the northern Rio de Janeiro state (Brazil) in 1987-
1998. A high prevalence (48.4%, n=31) of, apparently congenital, malformations of cervical vertebrae, observed in a 2001-2006
sample, may be explained by a hypothetical genetic bottleneck in this population. Malformations with deficient ossification
would clearly increase susceptibility for fractures. This study demonstrates the utility of a continent-wide analysis to discern
epizootiological trends more readily than any local study could provide. Secondly, it underscores the need for focussed research
on the effects of human activities on the spread of diseases in cetaceans, particularly in near-shore populations that utilize
highly degraded coastal habitats.

The presence of marine mammal remains in prehistoric contexts of the Ibe-rian Peninsula is rare. For this reason, the assemblage recovered in an archaeological site located at the Serpis river mouth, with occupations between the ancient... more

The presence of marine mammal remains in prehistoric contexts of the Ibe-rian Peninsula is rare. For this reason, the assemblage recovered in an archaeological site located at the Serpis river mouth, with occupations between the ancient epicardial Neolithic and contemporary times is exceptional. In two of the final Neolithic / Chalcolithic structures of the Sanxo Llop Lidl sector excavated in 2016, various cetacean remains have been documented. In one of them a whale's rib and in the other several remains belonging to a dolphin. Previously, in two structures of other two sectors of the same site excavated between 2004 and 2006, the Alqueria de Sant An-dreu and La Vital, two fragments of vertebrae of a large cetacean had been documented, whose marks allow to affirm their use as tables of work or anvils. In this communication all these remains of marine mammals are disclosed and those documented in various prehistoric and ancient sites of the Iberian Peninsula are reviewed. EL YACIMIENTO DE LA VITAL El yacimiento de La Vital se ubica en la llanura litoral sobre una terraza de la margen derecha del río Serpis, a su paso por el término municipal de Gandia. Actualmente su cota sobre el nivel del mar se sitúa sobre los 17 m y dista unos 2,5 km de la línea de costa, aunque el estudio geomorfológico indica que durante el Neolítico estaría en torno a 1 km. En los últimos años esta zona ha sufrido una intensa urbanización, y como consecuencia se han desarrollado diversas campañas de excavaciones Recursos marins en el passat. IV Jornades d'arqueozoologia. Museu de Prehistòria de València (2019): 165-192.

With the goal of gathering ecological data to develop future cetacean management and conservation plans, the distribution, home range, and residency of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) were studied in the central-north Mexican... more

With the goal of gathering ecological data to develop future cetacean management and conservation plans, the distribution, home range, and residency of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) were studied in the central-north Mexican Gulf of Mexico. Between July 2005 and June 2008, 59 boat surveys were carried out for a total of 313 h of effort at sea. During these surveys, 471 individuals were observed in 88 different groups. Photographs of naturally marked animals resulted in 275 different individuals photo-identified. Their distribution was homogeneous throughout the study area at a mean distance from the coast of 2.5 km (SD = 2.9, n = 471) and depths less than 20 m. Of the total of dolphins identified, 202 (73%) had a low sighting rate and were considered transients, whereas 34 individuals (12%) had medium and high sighting rates and were considered resident animals. At the population level, home range estimates calculated using the minimum convex polygon method showed a mean o...

We present an analysis of geographic variation in the diversity of marine mammals at the Mexican Pacific and surrounding waters looking to yield useful elements for the conservation of these animals as around them, important issues on the... more

We present an analysis of geographic variation in the diversity of marine mammals at the Mexican Pacific and surrounding waters looking to yield useful elements for the conservation of these animals as around them, important issues on the use of marine ecosystems are discussed. From the year 1981 to 2006, 54 cruises were made to register a total of 1582 sightings of 31 marine mammal species. We found a qualitative distinction of marine mammals from the North Pacific as well as a primary biogeographic affinity of the Gulf of California with the oceanographic transition zone and the Tropical Pacific. Community structure of marine mammals in the boreal frontier of the oceanographic transition zone is unstable while such structure in the Tropical Pacific appears stable in large and mesoscale. Contrast between effects of climate change on species associated with upwelling and tropical species, shows differences in populational responses of abundance and differences in the formation of coastal and offshore taxa but similarities in populational responses of geographic subdivision. These similar responses consist of populational fractioning associated to climate warming, Thereafter, we have deduced the concern about how the ongoing biosphere warming, in combination with other negative anthropogenic effects, may enhance extinction risk in species with a fragmented population structure.