Occupational Cancer Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
La crisis actual ha reforzado la representación de un capitalismo financiero depredador y sin fronteras que se opone de vez en cuando a las virtudes de la economía real, la de las empresas bien implantadas en un territorio que desarrollan... more
La crisis actual ha reforzado la representación de un capitalismo financiero depredador y sin fronteras que se opone de vez en cuando a las virtudes de la economía real, la de las empresas bien implantadas en un territorio que desarrollan unos conocimientos industriales. Esta visión ingenua se desvanece con la historia del asbesto. Esta historia demuestra como grupos industriales de la economía real han desarrollado, a sabiendas de las consecuencias, el mercado de una sustancia cancerigena. El número exacto de victimas no se sabrá nunca. Se sitúa alrededor de un millón de personas. En Europa occidental, las proyecciones por lo que concierne la mortalidad debida al asbesto para el periodo 2000 -2030 prevén 500.000 fallecimientos.
Background and Aims: To examine the risk for cancer mortality among workers exposed to coal tar and coal tar pitch volatiles in a man-made graphite electrode factory. The risk for cancer mortality in this type of factory is still... more
Background and Aims: To examine the risk for cancer mortality among workers exposed to coal tar and coal tar pitch volatiles in a man-made graphite electrode factory. The risk for cancer mortality in this type of factory is still inconclusive, although coal tar and coal tar pitch are recognised as human carcinogens. Methods: The study cohort consisted of 332 male employees who served more than five years in the period 1951-74. The cohort was traced until 1988. Analyses used standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) to compare cause specific mortality with that in the general and local population. Effect of smoking was estimated based on the information collected from the subgroup of the cohort. SMRs for leading causes of death were compared among different job titles, duration of employment, time since first employment, and observation subperiods. Exposure level for tar and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in the factory was also discussed, based on measurements done by other researchers in the past. Results: During the study period, 52 deaths were identified (SMR 0.68), including 22 cancer deaths (SMR 1.01). The SMR for lung cancer was significantly increased in comparison with the general population (SMR 2.62). It was slightly decreased in comparison with the local population, but remained significant (SMR 2.35). Excess deaths were also observed for lymphatic and haematopoietic cancers (SMR 3.46). Smoking habits in the subgroup were similar to those in the general population; thus the increased SMR for lung cancer was unlikely to be explained by smoking. Conclusion: Previous environmental measurements suggested that considerable exposure to tar and BaP had existed in the factory. The results suggest a possible risk for lung cancer among the cohort, but the limitations of the study, such as the small study population and insufficient information on exposure, indicate that further study is required.
Rompant avec plus de dix ans de paralysie, la Commission européenne a officiellement lancé en mai 2016 la révision de la directive sur la prévention des cancers professionnels. La proposition est minimaliste mais elle permet de débloquer... more
Rompant avec plus de dix ans de paralysie, la Commission européenne a officiellement lancé en mai 2016 la révision de la directive sur la prévention des cancers professionnels.
La proposition est minimaliste mais elle permet de débloquer le processus législatif. Quels sont les enjeux ?
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified diesel exhaust as a carcinogen based on lung cancer evidence; however, few studies have investigated the effect of engine emissions on bladder cancer. The purpose of this... more
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified diesel exhaust as a carcinogen based on lung cancer evidence; however, few studies have investigated the effect of engine emissions on bladder cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between occupational exposure to diesel and gasoline emissions and bladder cancer in men using data from the Canadian National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System; a population-based case-control study. This analysis included 658 bladder cancer cases and 1360 controls with information on lifetime occupational histories and a large number of possible cancer risk factors. A job-exposure matrix for engine emissions was supplemented by expert review to assign values for each job across three dimensions of exposure: concentration, frequency, and reliability. Odds ratios (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were estimated using logistic regression. Relative to unexposed, men ever exposed to high concentrations of diesel emissions were at an increased risk of bladder cancer (OR = 1.64, 0.87-3.08), but this result was not significant, and those with >10 years of exposure to diesel emissions at high concentrations had a greater than twofold increase in risk (OR = 2.45, 1.04-5.74). Increased risk of bladder cancer was also observed with >30% of work time exposed to gasoline engine emissions (OR = 1.59, 1.04-2.43) relative to the unexposed, but only among men that had never been exposed to diesel emissions. Taken together, our findings support the hypothesis that exposure to high concentrations of diesel engine emissions may increase the risk of bladder cancer.