What Is the Difference Between CBR and VBR Encoding? (original) (raw)

To rip your music CDs to an audio format like MP3, WMA, or AAC, or to convert between formats, it's a good idea to know what CBR and VBR mean before you start. We compared these two encoding methods so that you can make the best choice for your music collection.

Lifewire

CBR

Fixed quality.
Guaranteed higher quality files.
Quicker encoding.
Wider compatibility.

VBR

Smaller file sizes.
More efficient use of storage space.
Minimal reduction in quality.
Possibly more limited support.

Many factors impact the quality of your digital music library. Bitrate is one of them. Whether you're looking to get the best quality rips or you want to maximize space on your mobile device, it's important to weigh your options in choosing the bitrate.

Getty Images

CBR Encoding Pros and Cons

Advantages

Set quality.
More control over the audio quality.
Better for multimedia.

Disadvantages

Requires a connection to support it.
Inflexible.

CBR stands for constant bitrate and is an encoding method that keeps the bitrate the same. VBR, by contrast, is a variable bitrate. When audio data is encoded by a codec, a fixed value is used, like 128, 256 or 320 Kbps.

In general, the higher the bitrate, the better the quality of the audio.

The advantage of using the CBR method is that audio data typically processes faster compared to the alternatives. However, the files that are created aren't as well optimized for quality-versus-storage, as is the case with VBR.

CBR is useful for streaming multimedia files. If the connection is limited to only performing at 320 Kbps, a constant bitrate of 300 Kbps per second or lower is more beneficial than one that changes throughout the transmission since it could go higher than what's allowed.

VBR Encoding Pros and Cons

Advantages

Smaller file size.
Flexible reduction in bitrate.
More efficient in many situations.

Disadvantages

Possible decreases in quality.
Less widely supported.
Longer to encode.

VBR allows the bitrate of an audio file to dynamically increase or decrease within a target range. The LAME encoder, for example, varies between 65 Kbps and 320 Kbps. Like CBR, audio formats such as MP3, WMA, and OGG support VBR.

The biggest advantage of VBR when compared to CBR is the sound quality to file size ratio. You can usually achieve a smaller file size by encoding audio with VBR rather than CBR because of the way the bitrate is altered depending on the nature of the sound.

The bitrate reduces for silence or quieter parts of a song. For more complex areas of a song that contain a mix of frequencies, the bitrate increases (up to 320 Kbps) to ensure sound quality is maintained. This variation in bitrate reduces the storage space needed compared to CBR.

However, the disadvantage of VBR encoded files is that they might not be compatible with older electronic devices like CBR is. It also takes longer to encode audio using VBR because the process is more complex.

Which One Should You Choose?

Unless you're restricted by old hardware that only supports audio formats encoded using CBR, then VBR is the recommended method. Support for VBR in hardware devices like MP3 players and PMPs used to be hit and miss, but these days it's usually a standard feature.

VBR gives you the best balance between quality and file size. It's therefore ideal for portables that have limited storage or where you want to make efficient use of other storage solutions like USB flash drives or flashcards.

Thanks for letting us know!

Get the Latest Tech News Delivered Every Day