Germanite (original) (raw)

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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About GermaniteHide

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Specific Gravity:

4.46 - 4.59

Name:

In allusion to the germanium content.

Unique IdentifiersHide

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Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:1681:6

d1bf1d4d-f11a-438b-8414-5e794d160232

IMA Classification of GermaniteHide

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Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Type description reference:

Classification of GermaniteHide

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2.CB.30

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
B : With Zn, Fe, Cu, Ag, etc.

2.9.4.2

2 : SULFIDES
9 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:1

6.2.1

6 : Sulphosalts - Sulphostannates, Sulphogermanates,Sulpharsenates, Sulphantimonates, Sulphovanadates and Sulphohalides
2 : Sulphogermanates

Mineral SymbolsHide

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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol Source Reference
Ger IMA–CNMNC Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Ger The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Pronunciation of GermaniteHide

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Pronunciation:

Play Recorded by Country
Sorry, your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio. Jolyon Ralph United Kingdom

Physical Properties of GermaniteHide

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Comment:

Tarnishes dark brown

Streak:

Dark gray to black

Density:

4.46 - 4.59 g/cm3 (Measured) 4.30 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of GermaniteHide

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Reflectivity:

Wavelength R
400nm 21.9%
420nm 21.5%
440nm 21.1%
460nm 20.6%
480nm 20.0%
500nm 19.6%
520nm 19.7%
540nm 20.2%
560nm 21.0%
580nm 21.9%
600nm 22.8%
620nm 23.8%
640nm 24.7%
660nm 25.5%
680nm 26.2%
700nm 26.8%

Reflectance graph
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 26.8%.

Colour in reflected light:

Pinkish gray

Chemistry of GermaniteHide

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Mindat Formula:

Cu13Fe2Ge2S16

Common Impurities:

Ga,Zn,Mo,As,V

Crystallography of GermaniteHide

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Class (H-M):

43_m_ - Hextetrahedral

Cell Parameters:

a = 10.585 Å

Unit Cell V:

1,185.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Tetrahedral crystals usually very small, but a 3 cm giant has been recovered (Gebhard 1999), also massive, intergrown with renierite. Small grey chalcocite xls are often mistaken for germanite.

Crystal StructureHide

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ID Species Reference Link Year Locality Pressure (GPa) Temp (K)
0000959 Germanite Tettenhorst R T, Corbato C E (1984) Crystal structure of germanite, Cu26Ge4Fe4S32, determined by powder X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 69 943-947 1984 0 293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing Intensity
3.054 Å (100)
1.870 Å (72)
1.5954 Å (40)
1.0802 Å (20)
1.2141 Å (16)
2.645 Å (12)
1.3229 Å (10)

Geological EnvironmentHide

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Type Occurrence of GermaniteHide

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Place of Conservation of Type Material:

The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1922,1180.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Primary hydrothermal ores

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Reference:

Pufahl, O. (1922) “Germanit” ein germanium-mineral und -erz von Tsumeb, Südwest-Afrika. Metall und Erz: 19: 324-325.

Other Language Names for GermaniteHide

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Simplified Chinese:硫锗铜矿

Traditional Chinese:硫鍺銅礦

Relationship of Germanite to other SpeciesHide

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Other Members of this group:

Common AssociatesHide

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Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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2.CB. Agmantinite Ag2MnSnS4 Orth.
2.CB. Richardsite Zn2CuGaS4 Tet. 42_m_ : I_42_m
2.CB. Gachingite Au(Te1-xSex) Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m )
2.CB. Tolstykhite Au3S4Te6 Tric. 1 : _P_1
2.CB. Hanswilkeite KFeS2 Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b
2.CB. Auroselenide AuSe Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m
2.CB. Ruizhongite (Ag2◻)Pb3Ge2S8 Iso. 43_m_ : I_43_d
2.CB. Okruginite Cu2SnSe3 Mon. m : B b
2.CB.05a Coloradoite HgTe Iso. 43_m_ : F_43_m
2.CB.05a Hawleyite CdS Iso. 43_m_ : F_43_m
2.CB.05a Metacinnabar HgS Iso. 43_m_ : F_43_m
2.CB.05c Polhemusite (Zn,Hg)S Tet.
2.CB.05b Sakuraiite (Cu,Zn,Fe)3(In,Sn)S4 Iso.
2.CB.05a Sphalerite ZnS Iso. 43_m_ : F_43_m
2.CB.05a Stilleite ZnSe Iso. 43_m_ : F_43_m
2.CB.05a Tiemannite HgSe Iso. 43_m_ : F_43_m
2.CB.05 UM1998-15-S:CuFeZn Cu2Fe3Zn5S10
2.CB.05a Rudashevskyite (Fe,Zn)S Iso. 43_m_ : F_43_m
2.CB.05a Ishiharaite (Cu,Ga,Fe,In,Zn)S Iso. 43_m_ : F_43_m
2.CB.07a Shenzhuangite NiFeS2 Tet. 42_m_ : I_42_d
2.CB.07a Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulphide) Cu2MnSnS4
2.CB.10a Chalcopyrite CuFeS2 Tet. 42_m_ : I_42_d
2.CB.10a Eskebornite CuFeSe2 Tet. 42_m_ : P_42_c
2.CB.10a Gallite CuGaS2 Tet. 42_m_ : I_42_d
2.CB.10b Haycockite Cu4Fe5S8 Orth. 222
2.CB.10a Lenaite AgFeS2 Tet. 42_m_ : I_42_d
2.CB.10b Mooihoekite Cu9Fe9S16 Tet. 42_m_ : P_42_m
2.CB.10b Putoranite Cu1.1Fe1.2S2 Iso. m_3_m _(_4/_m_32/m ) : P n_3_m
2.CB.10a Roquesite CuInS2 Tet. 42_m_ : I_42_d
2.CB.10b Talnakhite Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16 Iso. 43_m_ : I_43_m
2.CB.10a Laforêtite AgInS2 Tet. 42_m_ : I_42_d
2.CB.10a Unnamed (Cu-Zn-In Sulphide) CuZn2InS4
2.CB.10a UM1984-30-S:CuFeSn Cu2Fe2Sn3S7
2.CB.10c Omariniite Cu8Fe2ZnGe2S12 Orth. 222 : _I_222
2.CB.15a Černýite Cu2(Cd,Zn,Fe)SnS4 Tet. 42_m_ : I_42_m
2.CB.15a Ferrokësterite Cu2FeSnS4 Tet. 4 : _I_4
2.CB.15a Hocartite Ag2(Fe2+,Zn)SnS4 Tet. 42_m_ : I_42_m
2.CB.15a Idaite Cu5FeS6 Hex.
2.CB.15a Kësterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Tet. 4 : _I_4
2.CB.15a Kuramite Cu3SnS4 Tet. 42_m_ : I_42_m
2.CB.15b Mohite Cu2SnS3 Mon.
2.CB.15a Pirquitasite Ag2ZnSnS4 Tet. 4 : _I_4
2.CB.15a Stannite Cu2FeSnS4 Tet. 42_m_ : I_42_m
2.CB.15c Stannoidite Cu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12 Orth. 222 : _I_222
2.CB.15a Velikite Cu2HgSnS4 Tet. 4 : _I_4
2.CB.15c UM2006-11-S:CuFeGeZn Cu8(Fe,Zn)3Ge2S12 (?)
2.CB.17a v Arsenic-bearing Renierite Cu11GeAsFe4S16
2.CB.20 Chatkalite Cu6FeSn2S8 Tet. 42_m_ : _P_4_m_2
2.CB.20 Mawsonite Cu6Fe2SnS8 Tet. 42_m_ : _P_4_m_2
2.CB.30 Argyropyrite near Ag2Fe7S11
2.CB.30 Colusite Cu13VAs3S16 Iso. 43_m_ : P_43_n
2.CB.30 Germanocolusite Cu26V2(Ge,As)6S32 Iso. 43_m_ : P_43_m
2.CB.30 Nekrasovite Cu26V2(Sn,As,Sb)6S32 Iso. 43_m_ : P_43_n
2.CB.30 Stibiocolusite Cu13V(Sb,Sn,As)3S16 Iso. 43_m_ : P_43_m
2.CB.30 Ovamboite Cu20(Fe,Cu,Zn)6W2Ge6S32 Iso. 43_m_ : P_43_n
2.CB.30 Maikainite Cu20(Fe,Cu)6Mo2Ge6S32 Iso. m_3_m _(_4/_m_32/m )
2.CB.30 Frieseite Ag2Fe5S8 (?)
2.CB.35a Hemusite Cu6SnMoS8 Iso.
2.CB.35a Kiddcreekite Cu6SnWS8 Iso. 43_m_ : F_43_m
2.CB.35a Polkovicite (Fe,Pb)3(Ge,Fe)1-xS4 Iso.
2.CB.35a Renierite (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 Tet. 42_m_ : P_42_c
2.CB.35a Vinciennite Cu+7Cu2+3Fe2+2Fe3+2Sn(As,Sb)S16 Tet.
2.CB.35a Morozeviczite (Pb,Fe)3Ge1-xS4 Iso.
2.CB.35b Catamarcaite Cu6GeWS8 Hex. 6_m_ m : P_63_m c
2.CB.40 Lautite CuAsS Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a
2.CB.42 Lingbaoite AgTe3 Trig. 3_m_ : R_3_m
2.CB.45 Cadmoselite CdSe Hex. 6_m_ m : P_63_m c
2.CB.45 Greenockite CdS Hex. 6_m_ m : P_63_m c
2.CB.45 Wurtzite (Zn,Fe)S Hex. 6_m_ m : P_63_m c
2.CB.45 Rambergite MnS Hex. 6_m_ m : P_63_m c
2.CB.45 Buseckite (Fe,Zn,Mn)S Hex. 6_m_ m : P_63_m c
2.CB.45 Maletoyvayamite Au3Se4Te6 Tric. 1 : _P_1
2.CB.47 Murchisite Cr5S6 Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : P_31_c
2.CB.50 Zincselenide ZnSe
2.CB.50 Wassonite TiS Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : R_3_m
2.CB.52 Dzhezkazganite ReMoCu2PbS6 ? Trig. 3_m_ : R_3_m
2.CB.55a Cubanite CuFe2S3 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m )
2.CB.55b Isocubanite CuFe2S3 Iso. m_3_m _(_4/_m_32/m ) : F m_3_m
2.CB.60 Picotpaulite TlFe2S3 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : C m c m
2.CB.60 Raguinite TlFeS2 Orth.
2.CB.65 Argentopyrite AgFe2S3 Mon. 2/m
2.CB.65 Sternbergite AgFe2S3 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m )
2.CB.70 Sulvanite Cu3VS4 Iso. 43_m_ : P_43_m
2.CB.75 Vulcanite CuTe Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m )
2.CB.80 Empressite AgTe Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m )
2.CB.85 Muthmannite AuAgTe2 Mon. 2/m : _P_2/m

Other InformationHide

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Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

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References for GermaniteHide

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Localities for GermaniteHide

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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Argentina
Catamarca Province Andalgalá Department ⓘ Capillitas mining district de Brodtkorb (2009) +1 other reference
Armenia
Syunik Province Kapan ⓘ Centralni East Mederer et al. (2014) +1 other reference
Sisian Dastakert ⓘ Dastakert Cu deposit Singer et al. (2008)
Bulgaria
Pazardzhik Province ⓘ Panagyurishte Municipality Sahlström et al. (2017)
Levski ⓘ Radka Mine Mineralogical Society of America - ... +2 other references
Popintsi ⓘ Krassen Mine Cook et al. (2002)
Canada
Nova Scotia Inverness Co. Meat Cove ⓘ Meat Cove zinc deposit The Nova Scotia Mineral Occurrence Database (MODB)
Cuba
ⓘ Pinar del Río Province Mineralogical Society of America - ...
DR Congo
Haut-Katanga Kipushi Territory Kipushi ⓘ Kipushi Mine Chabu (1995) +3 other references
Finland
Pirkanmaa Orivesi Eräjärvi area ⓘ Viitaniemi pegmatite Sandström et al. (2009)
France
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Alpes-Maritimes Nice Arrondissement Guillaumes ⓘ Bancaïroun R. Pierrot
Germany
Baden-Württemberg Karlsruhe Region Rhein-Neckar-Kreis Wiesloch ⓘ Gänsberg undefined +2 other references
Greece
Attica East Attica Lavreotiki Lavrion Mining District Km 3 Km 3 mines ⓘ Km 3 open pit
India
Rajasthan Jhunjhunu District ⓘ Kolihan Ahmed et al. (2018)
Japan
Akita Prefecture Odate ⓘ Shakanai Mine Dr. Hidemichi Hori (vol. 2)
Aomori Prefecture Kamikita District ⓘ Kamikita mine - (n.d.) +1 other reference
Gifu Prefecture Hida City ⓘ Kamioka Mine Geology and Mineral Resources of Japan (Geological Survey of Japan, 1960)
Kazakhstan
Pavlodar Region Bayanaul District ⓘ Maikain Au deposit Baibatsha et al. (2015) +1 other reference
Namibia (TL)
Oshikoto Region Tsumeb ⓘ Tsumeb Mine (Ongopolo Mine) (TL) Rocks & Minerals: 62: 440. +2 other references
ⓘ Tsumeb West Mine Cairncross (1997)
Otjozondjupa Region Grootfontein Constituency ⓘ Khusib Springs Mine (Khuiseb Springs Mine) Melcher et al. (2006) +1 other reference
New Zealand
Auckland Region ⓘ Great Barrier Island Boyle (1979)
Republic of the Congo
Pool Department Mindouli District ⓘ M'Passa Mine Mineralogical Society of America - ...
Romania
Alba County Bucium Bucium ⓘ Bucium Tarnita porphyry Cu-Au deposit Cioacă et al. (2014)
Lupșa Mușca ⓘ Roșia Poieni Mine Cioacă et al. (2014)
Bistrița-Năsăud County ⓘ Blazna-Guset mining area Pintea et al. (2021)
Hunedoara County Certeju de Sus ⓘ Bolcana Mine Cioacă et al. (2014)
Crișcior ⓘ Rovina Cu-Au deposit (Rovina-Remetea deposit) Cioacă et al. (2014)
Russia
Bashkortostan Baymaksky District ⓘ Balta Tau deposit mrdata.usgs.gov (n.d.)
ⓘ Tashtau deposit Maslennikov et al. (2013)
Uchalinsky District ⓘ Zapadno-Ozernoye Cu deposit Yakovleva et al. (2003)
ⓘ Yubileynoe mine Tseluyko et al. (2019)
Buryatia Severo-Baykalsky District Dovyren Highlands Yoko-Dovyrensky Massif ⓘ Main Reef Kislov +1 other reference
Chelyabinsk Oblast Magnitogorsk ⓘ Alexandrinskoye Cu-Zn deposit Belogub et al. (2008)
Verkhneuralsky District ⓘ Alexandrinskoye deposit Maslennikov et al. (2013)
ⓘ Babaryk VHMS occurrence (Babarykinskoye Pb-Zn-Cu occurrence) Belogub et al. (2005) +1 other reference
Uzelga VHMS deposits Mezhozerny settlement ⓘ Talgan Cu-Zn deposit Amplieva (2008)
Komi Republic Pay Khoy Mountains ⓘ Silova-Yakha River A.B.Makjeyev
Sverdlovsk Oblast Ivdelsky Urban Okrug Ivdel ⓘ Saum deposit Ayupova et al. (2021)
Zabaykalsky Krai ⓘ Tarbagaiskoye coal field
Spain
Castile and Leon Ávila El Losar del Barco ⓘ Manolita Mine Joaquim Mollfulleda (1996)
USA
Alaska Northwest Arctic Borough Shungnak Mining District ⓘ Bornite - (2008)
Colorado Boulder County Jamestown Mining District ⓘ Inexco Mine Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Humboldt Mine Eckel et al. (1997)