The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary (original) (raw)

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

Biographical Dictionary Urban V (1362-1370) Consistory of September 22, 1368 (III) Celebrated in Montefiascone

(5) 1. BERNARD DU POUGET, Arnaud (?-1368)

Birth. (No date found), Pouget, France. Great-grand-nephew of Pope John XXII. Grand-nephew of Cardinal Bernard du Pouget (1316). His first name is also listed as Philippes; and his last name as Bernardi; as Bertrandi; as Bertrandi du Pouget; as de la Peirarède; as du Pouget; as Pireto; as du Perier; and as Duperrier.

Education. Studied law and obtained a doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law.

Early life. Dean of Saint-Etienne-de-Tescou, diocese of Montauban, October 12, 1329, with papal dispensation for not having yet reached the canonical age; his grand-uncle the cardinal had requested the post for Arnaud. Canon of the metropolitan cathedral chapters of Tours, Metz and Bourges. Prebendary of the cathedral of Lodève in 1347. Papal chaplain. Professor of utroque iure, both canon and civil law. He was a deacon when promoted to the episcopate.

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Aix, August 14, 1348; resigned the see when named patriarch. Consecrated (no information found). In 1359, Pope Innocent VI sent him to Naples to negotiate several affairs. Named titular Latin patriarch of Alexandria and apostolic administrator of Montauban, June 16, 1361.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of September 22, 1368; died before receiving his title. Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, September 22, 1368.

Death. September 1368, shortly after his promotion to the cardinalate, of the plague, in Viterbo. Buried in the church of the Franciscans in Viterbo.

Webgraphy. Biography in Gallia christiana novissima. Histoire des archevêchés, évêques et abbayes de France. AIX / d'après les documents authentiques recueillis dans les registres du Vatican et les archives locales, 7 vols., par le chanoine Joseph-Hyacinthe Albanès (1822-1897) ; completée, annotée et publiée par le chanoine Ulysse Chevalier. Publisher : P. Hoffmann (Montbéliard). Publisher : impr. valentinoise (puis), 1899-1920, in French, I, col. 86-88, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Gallica; biography, in French, Wikipédia; his arms, Waymarking.com.

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(6) 2. CABASSOLE, Philippe de (1305-1372)

Birth. 1305, Cavaillon, France. Of an ancient and noble family. Son of Isnard de Cabassole. His last name is also listed as Cabassoles. He was called the Cardinal of Jerusalem.

Education. (No information found).

Early life. Canon of the cathedral chapter of Cavaillon, March 22, 1328; archdeacon, August 26, 1330; and provost, September 18, 1331. He was a deacon when promoted to the episcopate.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Cavaillon, August 17, 1334. Consecrated (no information found). Attended the Council of Avignon in 1337. Counselor of Queen Giovanna I of Naples. Chancellor of Sicily in 1343. Legate of Pope Innocent VI in Dauphiné in 1353. Legate of the same pope in Germany in 1358. Named titular Latin patriarch of Jerusalem on August 18, 1361; remained as administrator of the see of Cavaillon until September 23, 1366. Rector of Comtat-Venaissin, November 17, 1362. Named administrator of the see of Marseille on September 23, 1366; occupied the post until December 9, 1368.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of Ss. Marcellino e Pietro in the consistory of September 22, 1368; he entered the papal curia in Avignon on June 4, 1369. Named by Pope Urban V vicar general and governor of Avignon during the pontiff's absence. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Sabina on May 31, 1370. Participated in the conclave of 1370, which elected Pope Gregory XI. Named legate in Umbria, Tuscany, Campagna and Sabina; died during his legation. He wrote a life of Sainte-Marie-Madeleine. He was a friend of Francesco Petrarca, who dedicated his book Vita solitaria to the cardinal.

Death. August 27, 1372, Perugia. Buried in the Carthusian monastery of Bon-Pas, near Avignon (1). In October 1926, a commemorative plaque in his honor was placed in place de l'Evêché, Cavaillon, in the ruins of the episcopal palace.

Bibliography. Albanès, Joseph Mathias Hyacinthe ; Chevalier, Ulysse. Gallia christiana novissima. Histoire des archevêchés, évêques et abbayes de France. 7 vols. 1895-1920, II, col. 342-346; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 217-219; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 566-567; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 597-598; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 157; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 21, 38, 44, 179, 276 and 330.

Webgraphy. His engraving and biography in Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat. 2 vols. by François Duchesne (1616-1693). Publisher : F. Duchesne (Paris), 1660, in French, I, 597-598, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Gallica; biography, in Gallia christiana novissima. Histoire des archevêchés, évêques et abbayes de France. MARSEILLE / d'après les documents authentiques recueillis dans les registres du Vatican et les archives locales, 7 vols., par le chanoine Joseph-Hyacinthe Albanès (1822-1897) completée, annotée et publiée par le chanoine Ulysse Chevalier. Publisher : P. Hoffmann (Montbéliard), Publisher : impr. valentinoise (puis), 1899-1920, in French, col. 342-346, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Gallica; his arms and portrait, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of his epitaph, taken from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 567:

D. O. M. Hic iacet Reverendissimus in Christo Pater, Dominus Philippus de Cabassole Domini Isnardi militis filius, qui primo fuit Episcopus Cabellicensis, deinde Patriarcha Hierosolymintanus, post S. R. E. Cardinalis, Prebyter tituli SS. Marcellini, & Petri, mox Episcopus Sabinensis, denum Legatus a Domino Gregorio Papa XI. Avenione sedente, in Italiam ad gubernandum Romanæ Ecclesiæ Terras. Obiit Perusii sexto Kalendas Septembris anno 1372. eius corpus ad Monasterium Carthusiensium Bonipassus delatum, ibiden sepultum fuit, cura Domini Aegidii de Sylva de Monteacuto Episcopi Cardinalis Tusculani, & aliorum executorem testamenti eius.

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(7) 3. LANGHAM, O.S.B., Simon (ca. 1315-1376)

Birth. Ca. 1315 (1), Langham, Rutland, England. Of a poor family. Son of Thomas Langham, who was probably a native of the village of Langham in the Abbey's Rutlandshire property. He was called the Cardinal of Canterbury.

Education. Entered the Order of Saint Benedict (Benedictines) toward 1335, perhaps at St. Peter's, Westminster. He studied at Oxford University in the late 1340s but did not graduate; he probably had to leave the university because of the plague.

Priesthood. Ordained (no further information found). Appointed prior of the abbey of Westminster, London, on April 10, 1349; elected its abbot on the following May 27. He represented his monastery at the order's triennial chapter. He completed the abbey cloisters. Treasurer of King Edward III of England on November 21, 1360; resigned the post before February 20, 1363.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of London at the end of 1360, he refused the promotion. Elected bishop of Ely in 1361; confirmed by the pope on January 10, 1362. Consecrated on March 20, 1362 (no further information found). Lord Chancellor of England, on February 19, 1363; he broke with custom by being the first chancellor to speak from the woolsack in English; he resigned the chancellorship on his promotion to the see of Canterbury in 1366. Also, he introduced technical schools into England. Promoted to the metropolitan and primatial see of Canterbury, July 24, 1366; received the pallium on November 4, 1366; he was enthroned on December 8, 1362; resigned the see on November 27, 1369. He strongly condemned and tried to prevent the abuse of plurality of livings among the clergy.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Sisto in the consistory of September 22, 1368; because he had not asked the royal permission, King Edward III declared that by his acceptance the archbishop had forfeited the see of Canterbury; the king seized its revenues; and the archbishop solved the problem peacefully by resigning the see; with difficulty he obtained the monarch's permission to go to the papal curia in Avignon, where he arrived on May 24, 1369; among those who accompanied him, probably, was a Benedictine, Adam Easton, future cardinal. Named legate in France, England and the Low Countries in 1370, together with Cardinal Jean de Dormans. Participated in the conclave of 1370, which elected Pope Gregory XI. Opted for the order of bishops and the suburbicarian see of Palestrina in August 1373. In 1374, the metropolitan cathedral chapter of Canterbury again elected him to his deprived see, but the pope refused to confirm the election; the pontiff said that he could not spare the cardinal from his duties at Avignon. He corresponded with Caterina da Siena, future saint. King Edward III eventually reconciled with the cardinal personally but did not restore the primatial see to him. He received several preferments, such as the archdeaconries of Wells and of Taunton; he was also nominated dean of York Minster. The cardinal longed to be back at home to continue his building work at Westminster Abbey. Finally, Pope Gregory XI gave him permission to leave the papal court, but, on the eve of his departure, the cardinal Langham died of a paralytic stroke.

Death. July 22, 1376, Avignon. Buried in the Carthusian monastery of Bon Pass, near Avignon (2). Three years later, his remains were transferred to England and buried in the chapel of Saint Benedict in Westminster abbey, London (3). He left as much as £200,000 to Westminster abbey; with that gift, it was possible to complete the nave, the abbot's house, and part of the abbey cloisters. Cardinal Langham is remembered as the second founder of Westminster abbey, where his tomb still remains, the oldest and most remarkable of all its ecclesiastical monuments.

Bibliography. Baxter, Dudley. England's cardinals. With an appendix showing the reception of the sacred pallium by the archbishops of Canterbury and Westminster. London : Burns & Oates ; New York : Benzinger, 1903, pp. 24-25; Bellenger, Dominc Aidan and Stella Fletcher. Princes of the church. A history of the English cardinals. Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire : Sutton Publishing Ltd., 2001, pp. 21-28; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 220-221; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. ;568-569 "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 157; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 21, 37, 47, 163 and 238; Heseltine, George Coulehan. The English cardinals. With some account of those of other English-speaking countries. London : Burns Oates & Washbourne, 1931, pp. 3-50; Quinlan, John. Our English cardinals, including the English pope. Alcester ; Dublin : C. Goodliffe Neale, 1972, pp. 25-26; Schofield, Nicholas ; Skinner, Gerard. The English cardinals. Oxford, UK : Family Publications, 2007; Williams, Robert Folkestone. Lives of the English cardinals, including historical notices of the papal court, from Nicholas Breakspear (Pope Adrian IV) to Thomas Wolsey, Cardinal Legate. 2 vols. Westmead, England : Gregg International, 1969. Responsibility: London, Wm. H. Allen & Co., 1868, I, 384-421.

Webgraphy. Biography by Edwin Burton, in English, The Catholic Encyclopedia; biography, Wikipedia; his arms, Msgr. Mark Langman, Westminster Cathedral, London; his tomb, Westminster Abbey, London, England.

(1) This is according to Schofield, The English cardinals; his second biography, linked above, indicates that he was born ca. 1310.
(2) This is the text of his epitaph, taken from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 569:

HIC IACET DOMINVS SIMON LANGHAN DE ANGLIA QVONDAM ARCHIEPISCPVS CATVARIENSIS S. R. E. PRANESTINVS EPISCOPVS CARDINALIS QVI ISTAM ECCLESIAM DE NOVO CONSTRUXIT ET OBIIT XXII. MENSIS IVLII ANNO DOM. MCCCLXXVI. ORATE PRO EO.

(3) This is the text of his epitaph, also taken from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 569:

Simon DE LANGHAN sub petris his tumulatus Istius Ecclesiæ Monachus fuerat Prior, & Abbas, Sede vacante fuit electus Londiniensis Præsul, & insignis Ely, sed postea Primas Titius Regni, magnus Regisque Minister, Nam Thesaurarius, & Cancellarius eius, ac Cardinalis in Roma Presbyter iste, Postque Prænestinus, & factus Episcopus, atque Nuncius ex parte Papæ transmittitur istuc Orbe doliente Pater, quem nunc revocare nequimus, Magdalenæ festo milleno septuageno, Et tercento sexto Christi ruit anno, Hunc Deus absolvat de cunctis, qui male gessit, Et meritis Matris sibi cœlica gaudia donet.

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(8) 4. DU BOSQUET, Bernard (?-1371)

Birth. (No date found), Cahors, France. Of a noble family. His first name is also listed as Bernardo and Bernardus; and his last name as Bosqueto, Bousquet and Bouquet.

Education. Obtained a doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law.

Early life. Papal chaplain. Auditor of the Reverend Apostolic Chamber. Canon chantre of the metropolitan cathedral chapter of Bordeaux. Canon of the cathedral chapter of Cahors.

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Naples, September 5, 1365; occupied the see until his promotion to the cardinalate. Consecrated (no information found). In 1365, he was commissioned by the pope to establish the Studium Romanum.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of Ss. XII Apostoli in the consistory of September 22, 1368; he entered the papal curia in Avignon on October 31, 1368. Participated in the conclave of 1370, which elected Pope Gregory XI. He wrote a book on the Sacred Roman Rota.

Death. April 19, 1371, Avignon. Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 219-220; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 568; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 599-600; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 157; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 21, 40 and 360; Zigarelli, Daniello Maria. Biografie dei vescovi e arcivescovi della chiesa di Napoli con una descrizione del clero, della cattedrale, della basilica di s. Restituta e della cappella del tesoro di s. Gennaro. Napoli: Tipografico di G. Gioja, 1861, p. 83.

Webgraphy. His engraving and biography in Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat. by François Duchesne (1616-1693), 2 vols. Publisher : F. Duchesne (Paris), 1660, in French, I, p. 599-600, Gallica, Bibliothèque Nationale de France; his engraving and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

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(9) 5. DORMANS, Jean de (?-1373)

Birth. (No date found), Dormans, diocese of Soissons, France. Son of Jean de Dormans and Antoinette d'Escot; the father was a procurator of the parliament in 1374; and was originally from Dormans in Champagne. France. His last name is also listed as Dormano, Dormani and Dormant. He was called the Cardinal of Beauvais.

Education. Obtained a doctorate in law.

Early life. He was an advocate in parliament. He was named chancellor of Prince Charles, the dauphin and duke of Normandy, on August 21, 1357; when the latter assumed the regency, the former became, temporarily, chancellor of France from March 1358; he was one of the French representatives to the conference that resulted in the signing of the peace treaty of Brétigny in 1360; King Jean of France, appointed him chancellor on February 28, 1361; he resigned the post in 1371 or on February 21,1372; resumed the chancellorship in July 1373, after his brother and successor in the post, Guillaume, died on July 13, 1373. Canon of the chapter of Saint-Quentin in 1353. Successively, he was canon of the cathedral chapters of Paris, Châlons-sur-Marne, Soissons, Meaux and Beauvais. Archdeacon of Provins, diocese of Thérouanne. Archdeacon and penitentiary of the metropolitan cathedral chapter of Sens.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Lisieaux, November 19, 1358. Consecrated shortly after June 26, 1359. Transferred to the see Beauvais, July 12, 1359; took possession of the see on June 22, 1360; enthroned on July 17, 1360; occupied the see until his promotion to the cardinalate; he then became canon and archdeacon of the diocese. In 1363, he attended the parliament presided by the king and took the customary oath to the metropolitan church of Reims. Testamentary executor of King Jean, who died on April 3, 1364. He performed his functions as chancellor and pair of France at the consecration of the new king of France, Charles V.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of Ss. Quattro Coronati in the consistory of September 22, 1368; the pope sent him the red hat to Paris; on February 2, 1369, he received the insignias of the cardinalate from Guillaume de Melun, archbishop of Sens, in the presence of the king; he was the first bishop of Beauvais to become cardinal. On December 11, 1368, in the parish church of Saint-Paul, Paris, he baptized future King Charles VI of France. On May 9, 11 and 21, 1369, he attended the sessions of the parliament. He founded in Paris on May 8, 1370, the Collège de Beauvais, for twenty four poor students from the diocese of Soissons and principally from Dormans. He probably participated in the conclave of 1370, which elected Pope Gregory XI. Named legate in England, with Cardinal Stephen Langham, on July 30, 1371. He was named by the new pope his intermediary before King Charles V of France to obtain the freedom of Jolanda, countess of Bard, whom the monarch had under strict custody. He prepared his testament on October 29, 1373. He was called père des pauvres (father of the poor).

Death. Monday November 7, 1373, Paris. Buried, next to his brother, under a black marble slab, before the main altar of the church of the Carthusians in Paris (1).

Bibliography. Anselme de Sainte-Marie ; Dufourny, Honoré Caille ; Ange de Sainte-Rosalie ; Simplicien. Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France, des pairs, grands officiers de la couronne & de la maison du roy: & des anciens barons du royaume: avec les qualitez, l'origine, le progres & les armes de leurs familles; ensemble des statuts & le catalogue des chevaliers, cammandeurs, & officiers de l'ordre du S. Esprit. Le tout dresse sur titres originaux, sur les registres des des chartes du roy, du parlement, de la chambre des comptes & du chatelet des Paris ... & d'autres cabinets curieux. 9 vols. Paris : La Compagnie des libraires, 3. éd., rev., corrigée & augmentée par les soins du P. Ange & du P. Simplicien, 1726-1733, II, 272-273; and VI, 332-333; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 21-222; Carolus-Barré, Louis. "Le Cardinal de Dormans, chancelier de France, "principal conseiller" de Charles V, d'après son testament et les archives du Vatican" in Mélanges d'archéologie et d'histoire, Ecole Française de Rome, LII, (1935), 314-365; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 569-570; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 601-605; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 157-158; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 21, 41, 132 and 304; Fisquet, Honoré Jean Pierre. La France pontificale (Gallia Christiana) : histoire chronologique et biographique des archevêques et évêques de tous les diocèses de France depuis l'etablissement du Christianisme jusqu' à nos jours, divisée en 18 provinces ecclésiastiques. 21 vols. Paris : E. Repos, XVI, 1864-1874, II, 264-268.

Webgraphy. His engraving and biography in Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat. [Volume 1], by François Duchesne (1616-1693). 2 vols. Publisher : F. Duchesne (Paris), 1660, in French, p. 601-605; biographyin La France pontificale (Gallia christiana), histoire chronologique et biographique des archevêques et évêques de tous les diocèses de France depuis l'établissement du christianisme j usqu'à nos jours, divisée en 17 provinces ecclésiastique. 22 vols. Rouen, by Honoré Fisquet (1818-1883). Publisher : E. Repos (Paris), 1864-1873, in French, p. 264-268; arms and biographyin Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France, des pairs, grands officiers de la Couronne, de la Maison du Roy et des anciens barons du royaume. Tome 2, by P. Anselme de Sainte-Marie (Augustin ; 1625-1694) ; continuée par M. Honoré Du Fourny (1630-1713); Publisher : la compagnie des libraires (Paris), 1726-1733; contributor : Simplicien (Augustin ; 1683 ?-1759). Éditeur scientifique; Contributor : Ange de Sainte-Rosalie (Augustin déchaussé ; 1655-1726). Éditeur scientifique, in French, p. 272-273; arms, biography and genealogy, in Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France, des pairs, grands officiers de la Couronne, de la Maison du Roy et des anciens barons du royaume. Tome 6, by Anselme de Sainte-Marie (Augustin ; 1625-1694) ; continuée par M. Honoré Du Fourny (1630-1713); Publisher : la compagnie des libraires (Paris), 1726-1733; Contributor : Simplicien (Augustin ; 1683 ?-1759). Éditeur scientifique : Ange de Sainte-Rosalie (Augustin déchaussé ; 1655-1726), in French, p. 332-333; his arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) (1) This is the text of his epitaph, taken from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 570:

Dormit hic I. de Dormano Christo felix est oblatus Corpus linquens mundo Vano sub marmore tumulatus In devoti Patris huius Rex Gloriæ Iesu Christe Animam suscipe, cuius Corpus tegit lapis iste.

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(10) 6. POISSY, Étienne de (?-1373)

Birth. (No date found), Paris, or in Vitry-sur-Seine or in Poissy, near Paris, France. He is also listed as Étienne de Paris and Étienne de Vitry. He was called the Cardinal of Paris.

Education. Obtained a doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law.

Early life. Canon of the chapter of Saint-Quentin; later its chancellor. Counselor-clerk of parliament. Royal counselor and maître de requêtes. Secretary of the dauphin. Canon of the cathedral chapter of Paris; its dean in 1355. At the conclusion of the Treaty of Brétigny in 1360, he was employed for the deliverance of King Jean II of France, who had been taken prisoner to England after his defeat in the battle of Poitiers (1356) against Edward, the Black Prince, (son of King Edward III of England). Recommended unanimously by the cathedral chapter and by the king of France, he was promoted to the see of Paris.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Paris, December 11, 1363; occupied the see until his promotion to the cardinalate. Consecrated (no information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Eusebio in the consistory of September 22, 1368; he entered the papal curia in Avignon on February 13, 1369. On December 11, 1368, he was present at the baptism of future King Charles VI of France in the parish church of Saint-Paul, Paris. Grand penitentiary in 1370. Participated in the conclave of 1370, which elected Pope Gregory XI.

Death. Sunday October 16, 1373, Avignon. His body was transferred to Paris, according to his will, and buried in the choir of the cathedral of Notre-Dame, Paris (1). His tomb was found in 1599.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 222; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 570; Clavel, Louis-Auguste. Histoire chrétienne des diocèses de France, de Belgique, de Savoie et des bords du Rhin : Gallia christiana en français. Poissy : Typographie Arbieu, 1855, I, 420-421; Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 606-608; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 158; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 21, 42 and 391.

Webgraphy. His engraving and biography in Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat. [Volume 1] by François Duchesne (1616-1693). 2 vols. Publisher : F. Duchesne (Paris), 1660, in French, p. 606-608; biography in Histoire chrétienne des diocèses de France, de Belgique, de Savoie et des bords du Rhin : Gallia christiana en français... by M. le chanoine Louis-Auguste Clavel, Publisher : L. Vivès (Paris), 1855, in French, p. 420-421; his engraving and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of his epitaph, taken from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 570:

STEPHANVS hic sedis Romanæ Collateralis Desertis terris spes sanctis iungitur alis M. C.ter, ac anno tribus aucto septuageno Octobris decima sexta Domini quoque prima, Clauditur hoc lapide lux Iuris Parisiorum, Pastor voce, fide dux Regis consiliorum, Fautor egenorum, dammans hæreses reproborum.

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(11) 7. BANAC, O.S.B., Pierre de (?-1369)

Birth. (No date found), Saint-Bonnet-de-Bellac, Banhac, diocese of Cahors. France. His last name is also listed as de Begnaco; as Banhac; as Benhac; as Banihato; as Banaco; as Bankaco; as Kinaco; as Cinacho; as Chinacho; and as Chinac. Nephew of Cardinal Pierre de Mortemart (1327), on his mother's side. He was called the Cardinal of Montmajour.

Education. Obtained a doctorate in law.

Early life. Abbot (commnedatario?) of the Benedictine monastery of Montmajour, October 13, 1363. Archdeacon of the cathedral chapter of Comminges. Papal referendary. He had received the minor orders when he was promoted to the episcopate.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Castres, August 14, 1348 (1). Consecrated (no information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Lorenzo in Damaso in the consistory of September 22, 1368; he was the only new cardinal present at the consistory.

Death. October 7, 1369 (2), of the plague, Viterbo. His body was transferred to Montmajour and buried in the church of the Hermits.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 223; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 571; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 609-611; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 158; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 21, 43 and 172.

Webgraphy. Biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; his arms and biography in Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat. [Volume 1] by François Duchesne (1616-1693). Publisher : F. Duchesne (Paris), 1660, in French, p. 609-611.

(1) This is according to Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, I, 172; Pius Bonifatius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae (3 v. in 1. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1957), p. 531, says that he was elected in 1359; this latter source adds that some say that he was never promoted to the cardinalate and died before 1364.
(2) This is according to all the sources consulted except his biography in French, linked above, which says that he died on September 28, 1369.

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(12) 8. TEBALDESCHI, Francesco (ca. 1307-1378)

Birth. Ca. 1307, Rome. Son of the nobilis Giovanni di Tebaldo Tebaldeschi (de Thebaldescis) and a niece of Cardinal Giacopo Gaetani Stefaneschi (1295). His last name is also listed as Thebaldeschi; and as Tibaldeschi. He was called the Cardinal of San Pietro.

Education. (No information found).

Early life. He probably resided in the Parione district of Rome, where one of his authoritative relatives also appears, the rich agricultural merchant, bovattiere, and nobilis vir Nicola de' Tebaldeschi, who appears in 1360 among the compilers of the new statutes of Rome. His brother Tebaldo and an acquired nephew, Niccolò di Giovanni Marroni, son of a sister of the Tebaldeschi, were canons of St. Peter's basilica in the Vatican. At the beginning of his religious career, he obtained, in 1324, thanks to the links with the Stefaneschis, ecclesiastical benefits in Burgos, Spain, which he held until 1356. In 1334, he probably obtained a canonry in Padua (perhaps chosen as a university seat). Under the new Pope Benedict XII (January 1335) he appeared for the first time as the executor of papal charitable letters. In May 1336, he took over from an Orsini in a canonry in Santiago de Compostela, Spain. But the canonicate of St. Peter's in the Vatican was particularly dear to him; he was camerarius in 1344, and later (from about 1355), prior or dean but never archpriest. There he erected a chapel called Ossibus Apostolorum, endowing it with three clerics benefited for liturgical services, with goods in Velletri, Torricella (diocese of Porto) and Rome. These possessions also reveal a typical real estate patrimony of an exponent of the municipal aristocracy of Rome. As prior, he concluded important transactions, such as the purchase of half of the castle of Attigliano da Orso by Napoleone Orsini (August 25, 1360). Due to his notoriety, as early as the 1340s he became - especially among the clerics linked to the Orsini family - a much sought after executor of letters of provision for ecclesiastical benefits. In this capacity he is mentioned in 1348 in the letter containing the assignment of a canonate of the cathedral of Rieti Paride by Giovanni Orsini and of a canonicate in S. Maria in Trastevere to the latter's brother, Deifebo. Cardinal Annibale da Ceccano, in his testament of June 17, 1348, listed Francesco Tebaldeschi, who is one of his blood relatives and chaplains, among the many executors of his will. In May 1363, he was already so appreciated that he was included among the emissaries sent to Rome by Pope Urban V; they were entrusted with the administration of the financing of restoration work to the churches of the city, and Francesco, together with the abbot of S. Paolo fuori le mura, was assigned the fabbrica of that abbey for 800 ducats. In September, he was indicated by the pontiff as one of Giacomo Muti's interlocutors, who had to prepare his return to Rome, in particular for the purchase of Castel Sant’Angelo from the heirs of Napoleone Orsini. On June 18, 1367, the pope in Avignon appointed him capellanus honoris papale and he swore an oath before the camerlengo, Arnaud Aubert. The return of Pope Urban V to Rome in 1368 opened new possibilities to the city elites of Rome, which according to the pope and his political advisers should have been the counterweights to the power of the baronial families. The city was in fact considered very neglected by the papal court Avignon. In this context -and the pope was perhaps also known that Cola Tebaldeschi was involved in the drafting of the statutes of Rome of 1360-1363- the creation of Francesco as cardinal. It was a small consolation for the Romans, since six Frenchmen and an Englishman were also created cardinals in that consistory; however, a popular regime was established in the municipality which eliminated the baronial families from top positions (such as the office of senator, now entrusted to non-Romans.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Sabina in the consistory of September 22, 1368; he entered the papal curia in Avignon on October 20, 1368. His cardinalitial motto was Per aspera ad astra. Canon and treasurer of the chapter of the cathedral of Langres. In 1369, together with four other cardinals, he was sent by the pope to receive the solemn profession of faith of Emperor John of Constantinople in the church of S. Spirito in Sassia in Rome. Participated in the conclave of 1370, which elected Pope Gregory XI. Archpriest of the patriarchal Vatican basilica in 1374. He founded a chapel and three benefices in that basilica. Legate in Rome, Sabina, province of Campagna e Marittima, province of the Patrimony and the duchy of Spoleto. Participated in the conclave of April 1378, which elected Pope Urban VI.

Death. August 20 or September 6 or 7, 1378, Rome. Buried in the patriarchal Vatican basilica (1).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 22-223; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 570; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux.Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 158; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 21 and 46.

Webgraphy. Biography by Andreas Rehberg, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 95 (2019), Treccani; biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Teblandy story, in Italian, TIPESTORY.IT.

(1) This is the text of his epitaph, taken from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 570:

HIC REQVIESCIT REVERENDISSSIMVS PATER DOMINVS FRANCISCVS DE THEBALDESCHIS TITVLI S. SABINAS PRESBYTER CARDINALIS DE ... QVI VIXIT ANNOS ... OBIIT A. DOM. MCCCLXXXVIII. DIE VI. MENSIS SEPTEMB. INDICT ... CVIVS ANIMA REQVIESCAT IN PACE. AMEN. ORATE PRO EO.

The transcription of the epitaph is erroneous concerning the year of the death of the cardinal; it says MCCCLXXXVIII (1388) but the text of his biographcial entry in the same column indicates that he died in 1378; this year is given by all the other sources.