| dbo:abstract |
Bei den Wahlen zum Repräsentantenhaus der Vereinigten Staaten 1942 wurden am 3. November 1942 die Abgeordneten des Repräsentantenhauses gewählt. Im Bundesstaat Maine fanden die Wahlen bereits am 14. September statt. Die Wahlen waren Teil der allgemeinen Wahlen zum 78. Kongress der Vereinigten Staaten in jenem Jahr, bei denen auch ein Drittel der US-Senatoren gewählt wurden. Da die Wahlen etwa in der Mitte der dritten Amtszeit des Demokratischen Präsidenten Franklin D. Roosevelt stattfanden (Midterm Election), galten sie auch als Votum über die bisherige Politik des Präsidenten. Die Wahl war von den Ereignissen des Zweiten Weltkriegs überschattet. Kriegsbedingt gab es auch mehr Briefwähler durch die Soldaten, die sich außer Landes im Kriegseinsatz befanden. Zum Zeitpunkt der Wahlen bestanden die Vereinigten Staaten aus 48 Bundesstaaten. Die Zahl der zu wählenden Abgeordneten war 435. Die Sitzverteilung basierte auf der Volkszählung von 1940. Die Demokraten verloren 45 Sitze und kamen nun auf 222 Mandate. Damit konnte sie die bei 218 Mandaten liegende absolute Mehrheit knapp behaupten. Auf der anderen Seite konnten die Republikaner 47 Sitze hinzugewinnen. Sie kamen nun auf 209 Mandate. Der Hauptgrund für die Gewinne der Republikaner waren Fragen um den Zweiten Weltkrieg, an denen die Vereinigten Staaten seit dem 7. Dezember 1941, dem Tag des japanischen Angriffs auf Pearl Harbor aktiv teilnahmen. Einige Wähler waren unzufrieden mit der Art der Kriegsführung der Bundesregierung. Vor allem in den Südstaaten knüpften Gesetze das Wahlrecht an ein bestimmtes Mindest-Steueraufkommen. Dadurch wurden ärmere Weiße, vor allem aber viele Afro-Amerikaner vom Wahlrecht ausgeschlossen. Diese Einschränkungen galten bis zur Verabschiedung des 24. Zusatzartikel zur Verfassung der Vereinigten Staaten im Jahr 1964. (de) The 1942 United States House of Representatives elections was held in the middle of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's third term. It was the first wartime election in the United States since 1918. Roosevelt's Democratic Party lost 45 seats to the Republican Party, retaining only a slender majority even though they lost the popular vote by over 1 million votes (3.9%). This would not occur again until 1952, when the party who won the popular vote did not also win the House majority. This was the most successful congressional election for Republicans since 1930. The main factor that led to the Republican gains during this election cycle was popular dissatisfaction with American involvement in World War II. As of 2022, this is the last time the House of Representatives was made up of five parties. This was also the smallest House majority that the Democrats had up until the 2020 elections. Voter turnout was historically low for the time, which was attributed to the absence of military men and the apathy of workers at war production plants, many of whom had failed to re-register to vote in their new communities or become accustomed to local candidates. (en) 1942년 미국 하원의원 선거는 1942년 11월 3일에서 1942년 미국 상원의원 선거와 같이 치러졌다. 민주당은 과반을 차지하지만 득표에선 패배한다. (ko) |
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dbr:Sam_Rayburn |
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wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Sam_Rayburn.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:title |
1942 United States House of Representatives elections (en) (en) |
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http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1942election.pdf http://history.house.gov/Institution/Election-Statistics/Election-Statistics/ |
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1942년 미국 하원의원 선거는 1942년 11월 3일에서 1942년 미국 상원의원 선거와 같이 치러졌다. 민주당은 과반을 차지하지만 득표에선 패배한다. (ko) The 1942 United States House of Representatives elections was held in the middle of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's third term. It was the first wartime election in the United States since 1918. Roosevelt's Democratic Party lost 45 seats to the Republican Party, retaining only a slender majority even though they lost the popular vote by over 1 million votes (3.9%). This would not occur again until 1952, when the party who won the popular vote did not also win the House majority. This was the most successful congressional election for Republicans since 1930. The main factor that led to the Republican gains during this election cycle was popular dissatisfaction with American involvement in World War II. As of 2022, this is the last time the House of Representatives was made up of five part (en) Bei den Wahlen zum Repräsentantenhaus der Vereinigten Staaten 1942 wurden am 3. November 1942 die Abgeordneten des Repräsentantenhauses gewählt. Im Bundesstaat Maine fanden die Wahlen bereits am 14. September statt. Die Wahlen waren Teil der allgemeinen Wahlen zum 78. Kongress der Vereinigten Staaten in jenem Jahr, bei denen auch ein Drittel der US-Senatoren gewählt wurden. Da die Wahlen etwa in der Mitte der dritten Amtszeit des Demokratischen Präsidenten Franklin D. Roosevelt stattfanden (Midterm Election), galten sie auch als Votum über die bisherige Politik des Präsidenten. Die Wahl war von den Ereignissen des Zweiten Weltkriegs überschattet. Kriegsbedingt gab es auch mehr Briefwähler durch die Soldaten, die sich außer Landes im Kriegseinsatz befanden. (de) |
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1942 United States House of Representatives elections (en) Wahlen zum Repräsentantenhaus der Vereinigten Staaten 1942 (de) 1942년 미국 하원의원 선거 (ko) |
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