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Alma Vessells John (September 27, 1906 – April 8, 1986) was an American nurse, newsletter writer, radio and television personality, and civil rights activist. Born in Philadelphia in 1906, she moved to New York to take nursing classes after graduating from high school. She completed her nursing training at Harlem Hospital School of Nursing in 1929 and worked for two years as a nurse before being promoted to the director of the educational and recreational programs at Harlem Hospital. After being fired for trying to unionize nurses in 1938, she became the director of the Upper Manhattan YWCA School for Practical Nurses, the first African-American to serve as director of a school of nursing in the state of New York. (Adah Belle Thoms had served as acting director of Lincoln School for Nurses between 1906-1923). In 1944, John became a lecturer and consultant with the National Nursing Council for War Service, serving until the war ended, and was the last director of the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses from 1946 until it dissolved in 1951. Her position at both organizations was to expand nursing opportunities for black women and integrate black nurses throughout the nation into the health care system. In 1949, John wrote a script Brown Women in White for production on WNBC, which led to a second career in radio and television. In 1952, she presented The Homemaker's Club on station WWRL in New York. The following year, she became the first black radio personality to be invited as a member of the New York chapter of the Association of Women in Radio and Television. She campaigned successfully for the organization meetings to be held in unsegregated facilities. In 1957, she received the McCall's Golden Mike Award for her show What's Right with Teenagers and in 1959 she became the director of women's programming at WWRL. Over her 25-year career at the radio station, she wrote and produced numerous programs giving household tips, health care advice, and providing community service information. In 1970, John began appearing on television shows at WPIX-TV. She interviewed prominent black figures on her shows Black Pride and Positively Black. John worked up to her death in 1986 and is remembered mainly for her pioneering role in radio. (en) 阿尔玛·维瑟尔斯·约翰（英語：Alma Vessells John，1906年9月27日－1986年4月8日）是一位美国护士、通讯作家、广播电视名人和民权活动家，1906年出生于费城，高中毕业后移居纽约开始护理培训，1929年在哈莱姆医院护理学院完成学业。毕业后约翰做了两年护士，接着被提拔为哈莱姆医院教育及娱乐活动项目负责人。1938年，她因试图组织护士成立工会而被解雇，后来成为曼哈顿上城基督教女青年会实用护士学院的院长，也是纽约州历史上第一位担任护理学院院长的非裔美国人。1944年，约翰成为国家战争护理委员会讲师和顾问，一直任职到战争结束。同时她还是全国有色人种护士协会的最后一位理事，任职时间从1946年开始，直到1951年该协会解散。在此期间她的职责是为黑人妇女提供更多的护理岗位，将全国的黑人护士纳入国家保健系统。 1949年，约翰为WNBC全国广播电视台创作了一部名为《身穿白衣的黑人女性》的剧本，开启了她在广播和电台的第二事业。1952年，纽约WWRL电台播出了《家庭主妇俱乐部》。第二年，她成为第一位受邀加入妇女广播电视协会纽约分会的黑人电台名人，并成功举办了一场没有种族隔离的会议。1957年，她凭借剧本《青少年的正确选择》获得麦考尔金话筒奖，1959年，她成为WWRL电台女性节目的导演。在电台的25年职业生涯中，她创作了许多节目，提供了很多家庭生活贴士，医疗保健建议和社区服务信息。1970年，约翰开始出现在WPIX-TV的电视节目中。她在《黑人的骄傲与积极的黑人》节目中采访了很多黑人名人。约翰在1986年去世，并作为广播电台先锋人物而被人们铭记。 (zh) |
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Alma Vessells John (September 27, 1906 – April 8, 1986) was an American nurse, newsletter writer, radio and television personality, and civil rights activist. Born in Philadelphia in 1906, she moved to New York to take nursing classes after graduating from high school. She completed her nursing training at Harlem Hospital School of Nursing in 1929 and worked for two years as a nurse before being promoted to the director of the educational and recreational programs at Harlem Hospital. After being fired for trying to unionize nurses in 1938, she became the director of the Upper Manhattan YWCA School for Practical Nurses, the first African-American to serve as director of a school of nursing in the state of New York. (Adah Belle Thoms had served as acting director of Lincoln School for Nurses (en) 阿尔玛·维瑟尔斯·约翰（英語：Alma Vessells John，1906年9月27日－1986年4月8日）是一位美国护士、通讯作家、广播电视名人和民权活动家，1906年出生于费城，高中毕业后移居纽约开始护理培训，1929年在哈莱姆医院护理学院完成学业。毕业后约翰做了两年护士，接着被提拔为哈莱姆医院教育及娱乐活动项目负责人。1938年，她因试图组织护士成立工会而被解雇，后来成为曼哈顿上城基督教女青年会实用护士学院的院长，也是纽约州历史上第一位担任护理学院院长的非裔美国人。1944年，约翰成为国家战争护理委员会讲师和顾问，一直任职到战争结束。同时她还是全国有色人种护士协会的最后一位理事，任职时间从1946年开始，直到1951年该协会解散。在此期间她的职责是为黑人妇女提供更多的护理岗位，将全国的黑人护士纳入国家保健系统。 (zh) |
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