Architecture in modern Scotland (original) (raw)
Architecture in modern Scotland encompasses all building in Scotland, between the beginning of the twentieth century and the present day. The most significant architect of the early twentieth century was Charles Rennie Mackintosh, who mixed elements of traditional Scottish architecture with contemporary movements. Estate house design declined in importance in the twentieth century. In the early decades of the century, traditional materials began to give way to cheaper modern ones. After the First World War, Modernism and the office block began to dominate building in the major cities and attempts began to improve the quality of urban housing for the poor, resulted in a massive programme of council house building. The Neo-Gothic style continued in to the twentieth century but the most commo
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| dbo:abstract | Architecture in modern Scotland encompasses all building in Scotland, between the beginning of the twentieth century and the present day. The most significant architect of the early twentieth century was Charles Rennie Mackintosh, who mixed elements of traditional Scottish architecture with contemporary movements. Estate house design declined in importance in the twentieth century. In the early decades of the century, traditional materials began to give way to cheaper modern ones. After the First World War, Modernism and the office block began to dominate building in the major cities and attempts began to improve the quality of urban housing for the poor, resulted in a massive programme of council house building. The Neo-Gothic style continued in to the twentieth century but the most common forms in this period were plain and massive Neo-Romanesque buildings. After the Second World War, brutalist tower blocks were adopted as a solution and this period saw the building of new towns, including Glenrothes and Cumbernauld, but the social and building problems of these constructions soon became apparent. The creation of new towns and council house estates necessitated the rapid supply of new churches. From the 1980s Scottish architecture began to recover its reputation, with new buildings like that created to house the Burrell Collection in Glasgow and more recently the Scottish Parliament Building in Edinburgh. There has also been urban regeneration, involving the replacement and renovation of existing buildings and landscapes. The 1980s saw the growth of speculative house building by developers and the introduction of English brick and half-timbered vernacular styles to Scotland. As the production of state sponsored housing subsided in the 1970s there was a return to conservatism in church design, but there were some original and post-modern designs from the 1980s. (en) L'architecture de l'Écosse moderne englobe tous les bâtiments en Écosse, entre le début du XXe siècle et aujourd'hui. L'architecte le plus important du début du XXe siècle était Charles Rennie Mackintosh, qui a mélangé des éléments de l'architecture écossaise traditionnelle avec des mouvements contemporains. La conception des maisons de succession a perdu de son importance au XXe siècle. Dans les premières décennies du siècle, les matériaux traditionnels ont commencé à céder la place à des matériaux modernes moins chers. Après la Première Guerre mondiale, le Modernisme et le bloc de bureaux ont commencé à la construction dominent dans les grandes villes et les tentatives ont commencé à améliorer la qualité des logements urbains pour les pauvres, a abouti à un programme massif de immeuble. Le style néo-gothique a continué jusqu'au XXe siècle, mais les formes les plus courantes à cette époque étaient des bâtiments néo-romains simples et massifs. Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, des blocs de tours brutalistes ont été adoptés comme solution et cette période a vu la construction de nouvelles villes, y compris Glenrothes et Cumbernauld, mais les problèmes sociaux et de construction de ces constructions sont rapidement devenus apparents. La création de nouvelles villes et de nouveaux logements sociaux a nécessité la fourniture rapide de nouvelles églises. À partir des années 1980, l'architecture écossaise a commencé à retrouver sa réputation, avec de nouveaux bâtiments comme celui créé pour abriter la collection Burrell à Glasgow et plus récemment le bâtiment du Parlement écossais à Édimbourg. Il y a également eu une régénération urbaine, impliquant le remplacement et la rénovation des bâtiments et des paysages existants. Les années 80 ont vu la croissance de la construction de maisons spéculatives par les développeurs et l'introduction de styles vernaculaires briques et à colombages en Écosse. Alors que la production de logements parrainés par l'État diminuait dans les années 1970, il y avait un retour au conservatisme dans la conception des églises, mais il y avait des conceptions originales et post-modernes des années 1980. (fr) |
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| rdfs:comment | Architecture in modern Scotland encompasses all building in Scotland, between the beginning of the twentieth century and the present day. The most significant architect of the early twentieth century was Charles Rennie Mackintosh, who mixed elements of traditional Scottish architecture with contemporary movements. Estate house design declined in importance in the twentieth century. In the early decades of the century, traditional materials began to give way to cheaper modern ones. After the First World War, Modernism and the office block began to dominate building in the major cities and attempts began to improve the quality of urban housing for the poor, resulted in a massive programme of council house building. The Neo-Gothic style continued in to the twentieth century but the most commo (en) L'architecture de l'Écosse moderne englobe tous les bâtiments en Écosse, entre le début du XXe siècle et aujourd'hui. L'architecte le plus important du début du XXe siècle était Charles Rennie Mackintosh, qui a mélangé des éléments de l'architecture écossaise traditionnelle avec des mouvements contemporains. La conception des maisons de succession a perdu de son importance au XXe siècle. Dans les premières décennies du siècle, les matériaux traditionnels ont commencé à céder la place à des matériaux modernes moins chers. Après la Première Guerre mondiale, le Modernisme et le bloc de bureaux ont commencé à la construction dominent dans les grandes villes et les tentatives ont commencé à améliorer la qualité des logements urbains pour les pauvres, a abouti à un programme massif de immeuble. (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Architecture in modern Scotland (en) Architecture dans l'Écosse moderne (fr) |
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