Act respecting the laicity of the State (original) (raw)
The Act respecting the laicity of the State, also known as Law 21, is a Quebec provincial statute enacted on June 16, 2019. It provides that "The State of Québec is a lay State." It prohibits the wearing of religious symbols by certain public servants and contractors, including teachers in the public-school system and prosecutors, while grandfathering people who were already in office when the Act was introduced. The Act operates in spite of the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, and also notwithstanding certain sections of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
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| dbo:abstract | The Act respecting the laicity of the State, also known as Law 21, is a Quebec provincial statute enacted on June 16, 2019. It provides that "The State of Québec is a lay State." It prohibits the wearing of religious symbols by certain public servants and contractors, including teachers in the public-school system and prosecutors, while grandfathering people who were already in office when the Act was introduced. The Act operates in spite of the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, and also notwithstanding certain sections of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. On April 20th 2021, the Superior Court of Quebec upheld most of the law, despite stating that the law violates the freedom of expression and religion of religious minorities (especially Muslim women), because the government invoked the notwithstanding clause. However, the court did rule that the law was inoperative with respect to English-language school boards and members of the National Assembly as it infringed on their constitutional rights arguing that minority language rights can't be overriden by the notwithstanding clause. The Government of Quebec appealed the judgment to the Quebec Court of Appeal. The Autonomous Federation of Education also decided to bring the case to the higher court. English-language school boards must apply the Act until the appeal is decided; an interlocutory application to temporarily exempt the school boards was rejected by the Quebec Court of Appeal in November 2021. While the law is supported by most of Quebec's population, some argue that the law does not go far enough and should extend to daycares, while others argue that the Act is discriminatory against religious groups like Muslims, Jews, and Sikhs. Disapproval of the Act is more widespread in English Canada than in French Canada. (en) La Ley sobre la laicidad del Estado (en francés Loi sur la laïcité de l'État) o la ley 21 (en francés Loi 21) es una ley quebequesa adoptada el 16 de junio de 2019 por la Asamblea Nacional de Quebec. Es la primera ley que dispone que «El estado de Quebec es laico» (artículo 1). Prohíbe a los empleados del Estado en posición de autoridad coercitiva así como a los profesores en las escuelas públicas llevar signos religiosos ostentosos, reconociendo sin embargo el derecho adquirido de los funcionarios que ya ocupaban uno de estos cargos el 27 de marzo de 2019 (el día que precede la presentación del proyecto de ley) de conservar sus signos religiosos. En un juicio hecho el 20 de abril de 2021, la Corte Suprema de Quebec confirmó la validez de la mayor parte de la ley, pero estipuló que sus disposiciones respecto a los signos religiosos no se aplicarían ni a las comisiones escolares de la minoría de lengua inglesa, ni a la Asamblea Nacional. El ejecutivo de Quebec apeló en seguido el juicio. Entre los demandantes, la Federación Autónoma de la Enseñanza decidió igualmente llevar la causa al Tribunal de apelación de Quebec. (es) La Loi sur la laïcité de l'État est une loi québécoise adoptée le 16 juin 2019 par le Parlement du Québec. Elle est la première loi à disposer que « L’État du Québec est laïque » (article 1). Elle interdit le port de signes religieux aux employés de l'État en position d'autorité coercitive, ainsi qu'aux enseignants du réseau scolaire public, tout en reconnaissant un droit acquis aux personnes déjà en poste le 27 mars 2019, soit le jour précédant la présentation du projet de loi. Dans un jugement rendu le 20 avril 2021, la Cour supérieure du Québec confirme la validité de l'essentiel de la loi, mais affirme que ses dispositions concernant le port de signes religieux ne s'appliqueraient ni aux commissions scolaires de la minorité d'expression anglaise, ni à l'Assemblée nationale. Le gouvernement du Québec fait aussitôt appel du jugement. Parmi les requérants, la Fédération autonome de l'enseignement a également décidé de porter la cause auprès du tribunal supérieur. Avant de statuer sur le fond de l'affaire, la Cour d'appel du Québec décrète le 9 novembre 2021 que les commissions scolaires de langue anglaise devront continuer jusqu'à nouvel ordre à appliquer les dispositions de la loi sur la laïcité de l'État, notamment en ce qui concerne le recrutement d'enseignantes souhaitant porter des signes religieux. Les audiences du plus haut tribunal québécois portant sur la validité de la loi doivent débuter en novembre 2022. (fr) |
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| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://issuu.com/crrf-fcrr/docs/directions8_bill_21_commentary_sheppardjonesreilly https://ssrn.com/abstract=3516964 https://ssrn.com/abstract=3631336 |
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| dbp:bill | Bill 21, 1st Session, 42nd Legislature (en) |
| dbp:citation | An Act respecting the laicity of the State, CQLR c L-0.3 (en) |
| dbp:date | September 2021 (en) |
| dbp:dateEffective | 2019-06-16 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:datePassed | 2019-06-16 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:enactedBy | dbr:Parliament_of_Quebec |
| dbp:introducedBy | Simon Jolin-Barrette, Minister of Immigration, Diversity and Inclusiveness (en) |
| dbp:langcode | fr (en) |
| dbp:legislature | dbr:National_Assembly_of_Quebec |
| dbp:otherarticle | Loi sur la laïcité de l'État (en) |
| dbp:royalAssent | 2019-06-16 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:shortTitle | An Act respecting the laicity of the State (en) |
| dbp:status | in force (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | The Act respecting the laicity of the State, also known as Law 21, is a Quebec provincial statute enacted on June 16, 2019. It provides that "The State of Québec is a lay State." It prohibits the wearing of religious symbols by certain public servants and contractors, including teachers in the public-school system and prosecutors, while grandfathering people who were already in office when the Act was introduced. The Act operates in spite of the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, and also notwithstanding certain sections of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. (en) La Ley sobre la laicidad del Estado (en francés Loi sur la laïcité de l'État) o la ley 21 (en francés Loi 21) es una ley quebequesa adoptada el 16 de junio de 2019 por la Asamblea Nacional de Quebec. Es la primera ley que dispone que «El estado de Quebec es laico» (artículo 1). Prohíbe a los empleados del Estado en posición de autoridad coercitiva así como a los profesores en las escuelas públicas llevar signos religiosos ostentosos, reconociendo sin embargo el derecho adquirido de los funcionarios que ya ocupaban uno de estos cargos el 27 de marzo de 2019 (el día que precede la presentación del proyecto de ley) de conservar sus signos religiosos. (es) La Loi sur la laïcité de l'État est une loi québécoise adoptée le 16 juin 2019 par le Parlement du Québec. Elle est la première loi à disposer que « L’État du Québec est laïque » (article 1). Elle interdit le port de signes religieux aux employés de l'État en position d'autorité coercitive, ainsi qu'aux enseignants du réseau scolaire public, tout en reconnaissant un droit acquis aux personnes déjà en poste le 27 mars 2019, soit le jour précédant la présentation du projet de loi. (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Act respecting the laicity of the State (en) Ley sobre la laicidad del Estado (es) Loi sur la laïcité de l'État (fr) |
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