Borno State (original) (raw)

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برنو (بالإنجليزية: Borno)‏ زوالمعروف أيضا باسم ولاية برنو (بالإنجليزية: Borno State)‏، هي ولاية في شمال شرق نيجيريا. عاصمتها مايدوغوري. الولاية تشكلت في عام 1976 من انقسام ولاية الشمال الشرقي. حتى عام 1991 كانت تضم على ما يعرف الآن بولاية «يوبي». (ar)
Stát Borno je jeden ze nigerijských států. Sousedí se státy , a Yobe. Jeho hlavním městem je Maiduguri. (cs)
L'estat de Borno és un dels trenta-sis estats federats de la República Federal de Nigèria. (ca)
Ŝtato Borno aŭ plenforme en la angla Borno State - en Esperanto eble Borno-Ŝtato - estas ŝtato respektive fakte subŝtato en plej nordorienta Niĝerio. La ŝtato estis formita en 1976 per la disigo de la tiama Nordorienta Ŝtato. Ĝis 1991 ĝi enhavis kio estas nune la Jobe-Ŝtato. La ĉefurbo kaj registara sidejo estas Maiduguri. Ĉefaj etnaj grupoj estas kanuroj kaj baburoj, sed ankaŭ troviĝas bagaraoj. Temas pri tre islama areo, kie funkcias la terorisma grupo Boko Haram. (eo)
Borno State is a state in the North-East geopolitical zone of Nigeria, bordered by Yobe to the west, Gombe to the southwest, and Adamawa to the south while its eastern border forms part of the national border with Cameroon, its northern border forms part of the national border with Niger, and its northeastern border forms all of the national border with Chad, being the only Nigerian state to border three foreign countries. It takes its name from the historic emirate of Borno, with the emirate's old capital of Maiduguri serving as the capital city of Borno State. The state was formed in 1976 when the former North-Eastern State was broken up. It originally included the area that is now Yobe State, which became a distinct state in 1991. Borno is the second largest in area of the 36 states, only behind Niger State. Despite its size, the state is the eleventh most populous with an estimated population of about 5.86 million as of 2016. Geographically, the state is divided between the semi-desert Sahelian savanna in the north and the West Sudanian savanna in the centre and south with a part of the montane Mandara Plateau in the southeast. In the far northeast of the state is the Nigerian portion of Lake Chad and the Lake Chad flooded savanna ecoregion; the lake is fed by the Yobe River which forms the state's border with Niger until it reaches the lakebed. In the centre of the state is part of the Chad Basin National Park, a large national park that contains populations of black crowned crane, spotted hyena, patas monkey, and roan antelope along with transient herds of some of Nigeria's last remaining African bush elephants. However, a section of the park, the Sambisa Forest, was taken over during the Boko Haram insurgency in the early 2010s forcing many fauna to flee; large animals were not seen until 2019 and 2020 when a massive herd of migratory elephants returned to Borno. Borno State has been inhabited for years by various ethnic groups, including the Dghwede, Glavda, Guduf, Laamang, Mafa, and Mandara in the central region; the Afade, Yedina (Buduma), and Kanembu in the extreme northeast; the Waja in the extreme south; and the Kyibaku, Kamwe, Kilba, Margi groups and in the south while the Kanuri and Shuwa Arabs live throughout the state's north and centre. Religiously, the vast majority of the state's population (~85%) are Muslim with smaller Christian and traditionalist minorities (especially in the south) at around 7% each. From the 700s, what is now Borno State was within the territory of the Kanem Empire, an empire spanning from modern-day southern Libya (Fezzan) south through most of now-Chad into modern-day Borno State. In the late 1300s, the Kanem Empire was forced to moved after unsuccessful wars, becoming the Bornu Empire before regaining strength and ruling the wider area for the next 500 years. It was not until the early 1800s when the Fulani jihad significantly weakened the Empire, that Bornu began to decline. Much of modern-day southern Borno State was seized in the wars and incorporated into the Adamawa Emirate under the Sokoto Caliphate. About 80 years later, Rabih az-Zubayr, a Sudanese warlord, conquered the Empire and ruled until he was killed by French forces in the 1900 Battle of Kousséri. The Adamawa Emirate was also defeated by colonial powers, losing the Adamawa Wars to Germany and the British Empire. Both Rabih's lands (later reconstituted as the Borno Emirate) and the Adamawa Emirate were then divided among colonial powers with modern-day Borno State being split between Germany and the British Empire. The British-controlled area was incorporated into the Northern Nigeria Protectorate which later merged into British Nigeria before becoming independent as Nigeria in 1960. The German-controlled area (territory along the modern-day border with Cameroon) formed Deutsch-Bornu as a part of German Kamerun until allied forces invaded and occupied Kamerun during the Kamerun campaign of World War I. After the war, what is now the eastern periphery of Borno State became a part of the Northern Cameroons within the British Cameroons until 1961, when a referendum led to merger with Nigeria. Originally, modern-day Borno State was a part of the post-independence Northern Region until 1967 when the region was split and the area became part of the North-Eastern State. After the North-Eastern State was split, Borno State was formed on 3 February 1976 alongside ten other states. Fifteen years after statehood, a group of LGAs in the state's west was broken off to form the new Yobe State. Years later, in the early 2000s, the state became the epicentre of the Islamist group Boko Haram since it began its insurgency in 2009. From 2012 to 2015, the insurgency escalated dramatically with much of the state falling under the control of the group, which soon become the world's deadliest terror group in 2015 and forced millions from their homes. Following a 2015 mass multinational offensive along with infighting within the terrorists between the original Boko Haram group and the Islamic State – West Africa Province breakaway, the group was forced from its strongholds into the Sambisa Forest and some islands in Lake Chad by 2017; however, terrorists continue to be a threat statewide with frequent attacks on both civilian and military targets. As an partially agriculturally-based state, the rural Borno State economy relied heavily on livestock and crops prior to the Boko Haram insurgency while state capital Maiduguri is a major regional trade and service center. However, after years of the insurgency affecting development and forcing farmers from rural areas in the state, Borno has the thirteenth lowest Human Development Index in the country but as the insurgency has slightly abated since 2016, development has renewed. As of 2022, much of Borno State has been occupied by ISWAP. (en)
Borno ist der nördlichste Bundesstaat des westafrikanischen Landes Nigeria. Die Hauptstadt ist Maiduguri, die mit 1.112.511 Einwohnern (2005) auch die größte Stadt des Bundesstaates ist. Die dominierende Bevölkerungsgruppe sind die Kanuri, vorherrschende Religion ist der sunnitische Islam. (de)
Borno estatua (ingelesez: Borno State) Nigeriako estatuetako bat da. (eu)
El estado de Borno es uno de los treinta y seis estados pertenecientes a la República Federal de Nigeria. (es)
Borno est un État du nord-est du Nigeria, à la frontière du Tchad et du Niger. Son nom vient de celui du royaume du Bornou qui a dominé la région du XIVe siècle à la colonisation britannique. L'État est la cible principale de l'insurrection islamique du groupe Boko Haram. (fr)
Borno merupakan sebuah negara bagian di Nigeria. Letaknya di bagian timur laut. Ibu kota negara bagian ini ialah Maiduguri. Didirikan pada tahun 1976. Negara bagian ini memiliki luas wilayah 57.799 km2. Dengan memiliki jumlah penduduk sebanyak 5.925.668 jiwa (2006). (in)
ボルノ州 (ボルノしゅう、Borno State) は、ナイジェリア北東部の州である。州都はマイドゥグリ（現地ではイェルワと呼ばれる）。 (ja)
보르노주(영어: Borno State)는 나이지리아의 북동부에 있는 주로, 주도는 마이두구리이다. 면적은 70,898km2이며, 인구는 4,588,668명(2005년)이다. 1976년 2월 3일 옛 북동부주에서 분리되어 신설되었다. 현재의 요베주는 1991년까지 이 주에 속해 있었다. 북서쪽으로는 니제르, 북동쪽으로는 차드, 동쪽으로는 카메룬과 국경을 접하며 남쪽으로는 아다마와주, 서쪽으로는 요베주, 곰베주와 접한다. (ko)
Borno è uno dei 36 stati della Nigeria, situato nel nord-est della Nigeria, con capitale Maiduguri (qualche volta conosciuta come Yerwa). Fu creato nel 1976 da una parte del . Fino al 1991 comprendeva anche la regione dello Stato di Yobe. (it)
Borno is een Nigeriaanse staat. De hoofdstad is Maiduguri, Borno ligt in het noordoosten van het land en grenst aan het Tsjaadmeer. In het recente verleden zijn er regelmatig spanningen tussen moslims en christenen. Sinds in 2002 terreurorganisatie Boko Haram in Maiduguri werd opgericht wordt Borno door aanslagen geteisterd. Op 14 april 2014 werden in Chibok, ten zuiden van Maiduguri, meer dan 200 meisjes door Boko Haram uit hun school ontvoerd. Over hun lot is veel nog niet duidelijk. (nl)
Borno är en delstat i nordöstra hörnet av Nigeria, och gränsar till de tre staterna Kamerun, Niger och Tchad. Delstaten har drygt 4,1 miljoner invånare, och huvudstaden heter Maiduguri. Den största folkgruppen i Borno är kanuri, som hade det forna riket Bornu i området, men den etniska sammansättningen är i övrigt mycket varierad. Borno är en av Nigerias största delstater till ytan, men också en av de mest glesbefolkade. 1991 bröts den västra delen av delstaten ut som en egen delstat, Yobe. Borno utgör den centrala delen av det forna Bornuriket, och dess emir har fortfarande betydande makt och inflytande. (sv)
Borno – stan we wschodniej części Nigerii. Borno sąsiaduje ze stanami Adamawa, Yobe i Gombe. Jego stolicą jest Maiduguri. Powstał w 1976. W 1991 odłączono od niego nowy stan Yobe. Stan Borno podzielony jest na 27 lokalnych obszarów administracyjnych: (pl)
Borno ou Bornu é um estado do nordeste da Nigéria. Sua capital é Maiduguri. O estado foi formado em 1976 a partir do antigo Nordeste da Nigéria (estado). Até 1991, continha o que é agora o estado de Yobe. (pt)
Борно (англ. Borno State) — штат на северо-востоке Нигерии. Второй по площади штат Нигерии. Административный центр штата — город Майдугури. На северо-востоке имеет выход к озеру Чад. (ru)
博尔诺州（英語：Borno State）是奈及利亞東北部的一個州，首府和最大城市是迈杜古里，面積70,898平方公里，1976年成立。該州以卡努里人為主。在該州南部也有其他民族，如拉邦族、巴布爾-布拉族和瑪吉族。蘇瓦阿拉伯人是該州主要的阿拉伯後裔，在19世紀初烏斯曼·丹·福迪奧（Usman dan Fodio）的富拉尼聖戰之後，卡內米王朝獲得了在該地統治了近1000年的博爾諾酋長國的控制權。20世紀初博尔诺被英、法、德三國入侵。1902年，英國正式將博爾諾納入尼日利亞北部保護國，並於1907年在邁杜古里建立新首府。 1960年尼日利亞獨立後，博爾諾地區一直保持著相當的自治，直到1967年尼日利亞的州數增加到12個。1976年建州後的地方政府改革進一步削弱了前王朝埃米爾的權力，到尼日利亞於1979年實行文官統治後，埃米爾的管轄權僅限於文化和傳統事務。埃米爾仍然存在，並擔任當地政府的顧問。馬拉卡查拉於1999年在當時的APP（後來的ANPP）的支持下當選博爾諾州州長。該州在2000年實施伊斯蘭教法，引起州內的基督徒強烈反對。阿里·莫杜警長於2003年4月當選尼日利亞博爾諾州州長。他是全尼日利亞人民黨（ANPP）的成員。阿里警長是博爾諾州第一位連續兩次贏得該席位的州長。自2009年以來，博爾諾一直是伊斯蘭恐怖組織博科聖地的巢穴。2013年5月14日，在博科聖地在巴加鎮殺害200人之後，尼日利亞總統古德勒克·乔纳森宣佈博尔诺州及毗鄰的約貝州和阿達馬瓦州進入緊急狀態。 2014年7月，博爾諾州州長Kashim Shettima表示，“自2011年以來，已有176名教師被殺，900所學校被毀。”2014年4月奇博克女學生綁架事件發生後，博爾諾州的大多數學校都關閉了。直到2014年11月重新開放。同月，聯合國兒童基金會報告說，它已將博爾諾州的急性營養不良社區管理中心（CMAM）“從5個增加到 67 個，併計劃將其增加到100個”。在博爾諾州，農業部門主要因叛亂而遭受損失，許多人經歷了嚴重的糧食危機。 (zh)
Борно (англ. Borno State) — штат на північному сході Нігерії. Другий за площею штат Нігерії. Адміністративний центр штату - місто Майдугурі. На північному сході має вихід до озера Чад. (uk)

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برنو (بالإنجليزية: Borno)‏ زوالمعروف أيضا باسم ولاية برنو (بالإنجليزية: Borno State)‏، هي ولاية في شمال شرق نيجيريا. عاصمتها مايدوغوري. الولاية تشكلت في عام 1976 من انقسام ولاية الشمال الشرقي. حتى عام 1991 كانت تضم على ما يعرف الآن بولاية «يوبي». (ar)
Stát Borno je jeden ze nigerijských států. Sousedí se státy , a Yobe. Jeho hlavním městem je Maiduguri. (cs)
L'estat de Borno és un dels trenta-sis estats federats de la República Federal de Nigèria. (ca)
Ŝtato Borno aŭ plenforme en la angla Borno State - en Esperanto eble Borno-Ŝtato - estas ŝtato respektive fakte subŝtato en plej nordorienta Niĝerio. La ŝtato estis formita en 1976 per la disigo de la tiama Nordorienta Ŝtato. Ĝis 1991 ĝi enhavis kio estas nune la Jobe-Ŝtato. La ĉefurbo kaj registara sidejo estas Maiduguri. Ĉefaj etnaj grupoj estas kanuroj kaj baburoj, sed ankaŭ troviĝas bagaraoj. Temas pri tre islama areo, kie funkcias la terorisma grupo Boko Haram. (eo)
Borno ist der nördlichste Bundesstaat des westafrikanischen Landes Nigeria. Die Hauptstadt ist Maiduguri, die mit 1.112.511 Einwohnern (2005) auch die größte Stadt des Bundesstaates ist. Die dominierende Bevölkerungsgruppe sind die Kanuri, vorherrschende Religion ist der sunnitische Islam. (de)
Borno estatua (ingelesez: Borno State) Nigeriako estatuetako bat da. (eu)
El estado de Borno es uno de los treinta y seis estados pertenecientes a la República Federal de Nigeria. (es)
Borno est un État du nord-est du Nigeria, à la frontière du Tchad et du Niger. Son nom vient de celui du royaume du Bornou qui a dominé la région du XIVe siècle à la colonisation britannique. L'État est la cible principale de l'insurrection islamique du groupe Boko Haram. (fr)
Borno merupakan sebuah negara bagian di Nigeria. Letaknya di bagian timur laut. Ibu kota negara bagian ini ialah Maiduguri. Didirikan pada tahun 1976. Negara bagian ini memiliki luas wilayah 57.799 km2. Dengan memiliki jumlah penduduk sebanyak 5.925.668 jiwa (2006). (in)
ボルノ州 (ボルノしゅう、Borno State) は、ナイジェリア北東部の州である。州都はマイドゥグリ（現地ではイェルワと呼ばれる）。 (ja)
보르노주(영어: Borno State)는 나이지리아의 북동부에 있는 주로, 주도는 마이두구리이다. 면적은 70,898km2이며, 인구는 4,588,668명(2005년)이다. 1976년 2월 3일 옛 북동부주에서 분리되어 신설되었다. 현재의 요베주는 1991년까지 이 주에 속해 있었다. 북서쪽으로는 니제르, 북동쪽으로는 차드, 동쪽으로는 카메룬과 국경을 접하며 남쪽으로는 아다마와주, 서쪽으로는 요베주, 곰베주와 접한다. (ko)
Borno è uno dei 36 stati della Nigeria, situato nel nord-est della Nigeria, con capitale Maiduguri (qualche volta conosciuta come Yerwa). Fu creato nel 1976 da una parte del . Fino al 1991 comprendeva anche la regione dello Stato di Yobe. (it)
Borno is een Nigeriaanse staat. De hoofdstad is Maiduguri, Borno ligt in het noordoosten van het land en grenst aan het Tsjaadmeer. In het recente verleden zijn er regelmatig spanningen tussen moslims en christenen. Sinds in 2002 terreurorganisatie Boko Haram in Maiduguri werd opgericht wordt Borno door aanslagen geteisterd. Op 14 april 2014 werden in Chibok, ten zuiden van Maiduguri, meer dan 200 meisjes door Boko Haram uit hun school ontvoerd. Over hun lot is veel nog niet duidelijk. (nl)
Borno – stan we wschodniej części Nigerii. Borno sąsiaduje ze stanami Adamawa, Yobe i Gombe. Jego stolicą jest Maiduguri. Powstał w 1976. W 1991 odłączono od niego nowy stan Yobe. Stan Borno podzielony jest na 27 lokalnych obszarów administracyjnych: (pl)
Borno ou Bornu é um estado do nordeste da Nigéria. Sua capital é Maiduguri. O estado foi formado em 1976 a partir do antigo Nordeste da Nigéria (estado). Até 1991, continha o que é agora o estado de Yobe. (pt)
Борно (англ. Borno State) — штат на северо-востоке Нигерии. Второй по площади штат Нигерии. Административный центр штата — город Майдугури. На северо-востоке имеет выход к озеру Чад. (ru)
Борно (англ. Borno State) — штат на північному сході Нігерії. Другий за площею штат Нігерії. Адміністративний центр штату - місто Майдугурі. На північному сході має вихід до озера Чад. (uk)
Borno State is a state in the North-East geopolitical zone of Nigeria, bordered by Yobe to the west, Gombe to the southwest, and Adamawa to the south while its eastern border forms part of the national border with Cameroon, its northern border forms part of the national border with Niger, and its northeastern border forms all of the national border with Chad, being the only Nigerian state to border three foreign countries. It takes its name from the historic emirate of Borno, with the emirate's old capital of Maiduguri serving as the capital city of Borno State. The state was formed in 1976 when the former North-Eastern State was broken up. It originally included the area that is now Yobe State, which became a distinct state in 1991. (en)
Borno är en delstat i nordöstra hörnet av Nigeria, och gränsar till de tre staterna Kamerun, Niger och Tchad. Delstaten har drygt 4,1 miljoner invånare, och huvudstaden heter Maiduguri. Den största folkgruppen i Borno är kanuri, som hade det forna riket Bornu i området, men den etniska sammansättningen är i övrigt mycket varierad. Borno är en av Nigerias största delstater till ytan, men också en av de mest glesbefolkade. 1991 bröts den västra delen av delstaten ut som en egen delstat, Yobe. (sv)
博尔诺州（英語：Borno State）是奈及利亞東北部的一個州，首府和最大城市是迈杜古里，面積70,898平方公里，1976年成立。該州以卡努里人為主。在該州南部也有其他民族，如拉邦族、巴布爾-布拉族和瑪吉族。蘇瓦阿拉伯人是該州主要的阿拉伯後裔，在19世紀初烏斯曼·丹·福迪奧（Usman dan Fodio）的富拉尼聖戰之後，卡內米王朝獲得了在該地統治了近1000年的博爾諾酋長國的控制權。20世紀初博尔诺被英、法、德三國入侵。1902年，英國正式將博爾諾納入尼日利亞北部保護國，並於1907年在邁杜古里建立新首府。 1960年尼日利亞獨立後，博爾諾地區一直保持著相當的自治，直到1967年尼日利亞的州數增加到12個。1976年建州後的地方政府改革進一步削弱了前王朝埃米爾的權力，到尼日利亞於1979年實行文官統治後，埃米爾的管轄權僅限於文化和傳統事務。埃米爾仍然存在，並擔任當地政府的顧問。馬拉卡查拉於1999年在當時的APP（後來的ANPP）的支持下當選博爾諾州州長。該州在2000年實施伊斯蘭教法，引起州內的基督徒強烈反對。阿里·莫杜警長於2003年4月當選尼日利亞博爾諾州州長。他是全尼日利亞人民黨（ANPP）的成員。阿里警長是博爾諾州第一位連續兩次贏得該席位的州長。 (zh)

rdfs:label

Borno State (en)
برنو (ولاية) (ar)
Estat de Borno (ca)
Borno (cs)
Borno (de)
Ŝtato Borno (eo)
Estado de Borno (es)
Borno (Nigeria) (eu)
Borno (in)
État de Borno (fr)
Borno (stato) (it)
ボルノ州 (ja)
보르노주 (ko)
Borno (staat) (nl)
Borno (estado) (pt)
Borno (stan) (pl)
Borno (sv)
Борно (штат) (ru)
Борно (штат) (uk)
博尔诺州 (zh)

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