Christianity in Nepal (original) (raw)

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Kekristenan di Nepal bermula ketika orang Kristen Protestan datang ke Nepal terutama melalui orang Nepal yang tinggal di luar Nepal selama dan sebelum Rezim Rana. Setelah jatuhnya pemerintahan Rana di Nepal pada tahun 1950, orang-orang Kristen Nepal yang tinggal di India datang kembali, bersama dengan beberapa misionaris Barat. United Mission to Nepal, Nepal International Fellowship dan lain-lain adalah beberapa lembaga misi awal barat yang datang dan membawa agama Kristen. Menurut data pemerintah, pengikut Kristen di Nepal meliputi sekitar 1,4% dari total populasi.

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dbo:abstract تُشكل المسيحية في نيبال أقليَّة دينيَّة، المسيحية وفقاً لتعداد السكان عام 2011، هي خامس أكبر الديانات الممارسة في نيبال، مع حوالي 375,699 تابع، أو 1.4% من مجمل السكان. ومع ذلك يزعم على نطاق واسع أن التعداد السكاني أنه لم يتم احتساب غير الهندوس بشكل منتظم في تعدادات نيبال، ويُقدر المراقبون أن هناك ما لا يقل عن مليون مسيحي نيبالي. وفقاً لتقرير من معهد غوردون كونويل اللاهوتي، تعد كنيسة نيبال البروتستانتية الكنيسة الأسرع نمواً في العالم. الغالبية العظمى من المسيحيين النيباليين هم من البروتستانت الإنجيليين؛ هناك أيضاً أعداد من السكان الكاثوليك والتي تقارب إلى حوالي 10,000. تعود جذور تأسيس أول بعثة مسيحية إلى نيبال إلى عام 1715 من قبل الرهبان الكاثوليك الكبوشيين، الذين عملوا في وادي كاتماندو. وتم طرد الرهبان الكبوشيين بعد توحيد نيبال بين عام 1768 وعام 1769، وتم حظر الجماعات المسيحية رسمياً من البلاد للقرنين التاليين. بعد ثورة 1951 سُمح للمبشرين الأجانب بدخول نيبال لأداء الخدمة الاجتماعية، وحظر على التبشير وتحويل السكان المحليين. ولم تنمو الكنيسة النيبالية بسرعة إلا بعد إدخال الديمقراطية متعددة الأحزاب في عام 1990، وتخفيف القيود المفروضة على التحول الديني. كان نمو المسيحية موضوع مثير للجدل في نيبال، ويتعرض المسيحيين النيباليين للعنف المتقطع والاستبعاد الاجتماعي بشكل واسع النطاق. وكثيراً ما تدعي وسائل الإعلام النيبالية والخطاب السياسي أن المبشرين يقدمون حوافز مادية للتحويل الديني، ولكن تشير الأبحاث إلى أن معظم المسيحيين النيباليين تحول لأسباب أخرى وعن طريق المبشرين. أدّت عملية كتابة الدستور في نيبال بين عام 2006 وعام 2015، واعلان عن البلاد عام 2007 كدولة علمانية، إلى تكثيف الجدل حول المسيحية. وقد أعاد دستور عام 2015 التأكيد على علمانية الدولة، ولكنه منع أيضاً التبشير و «إزعاج دين الآخرين». وفي عام 2017، أقر البرلمان النيبالي مشروع قانون يحظر «إيذاء المشاعر الدينية لأي طائفة أو جماعة عرقية أو فئة من خلال الكتابة، أو عن طريق الشكل أو الرمز أو بأي طريقة أخرى». (ar) Christianity is, according to the 2011 census, the fifth most practiced religion in Nepal, with 375,699 adherents, or 1.4% of the population. Many informed observers have estimated that there are at least 1 million Nepali Christians. According to some Christian groups, there may be as many as 3 million Christians in Nepal, constituting up to 10% of the country's population. A report by Gordon Conwell Theological Seminary identified the Nepali church the fastest growing in the world. The vast majority of Nepali Christians are evangelical Protestants (if evangelical is defined broadly to include charismatics and Pentecostals); there is also a small Catholic population of roughly 10,000. The first Christian mission to Nepal was established in 1715 by Catholic Capuchin friars, who worked in the Kathmandu Valley. The Capuchins were expelled following Nepal's unification in 1768-9, and Christian groups were officially banned from the country for the next two centuries. After the revolution of 1951, foreign missionaries were permitted to enter Nepal to perform social service work, but proselytization and conversion were still legally prohibited. It was only after the introduction of multi-party democracy in 1990, and the relaxation of restrictions on conversion, that the Nepali church began to grow rapidly. The expansion of Christianity is a controversial subject in Nepal, and Nepali Christians have been subject to sporadic violence and widespread social exclusion. It is frequently claimed in Nepali media and political discourse that missionaries offer the poor material incentives to convert, but research has indicated that most Nepali Christians convert for reasons other than contact with missionaries. Nepal's constitution-writing process of 2006–15, and the 2007 designation of the country as a secular state, intensified controversies surrounding Christianity. The constitution of 2015 re-affirmed secularism but also prohibited proselytism and 'disturbing the religion of other people'. In 2017, Nepal's parliament passed a bill which prohibited 'hurting the religious sentiment of any caste, ethnic community or class by writing, through voice/talk or by a shape or symbol or in any other such manner'. (en) Kekristenan di Nepal bermula ketika orang Kristen Protestan datang ke Nepal terutama melalui orang Nepal yang tinggal di luar Nepal selama dan sebelum Rezim Rana. Setelah jatuhnya pemerintahan Rana di Nepal pada tahun 1950, orang-orang Kristen Nepal yang tinggal di India datang kembali, bersama dengan beberapa misionaris Barat. United Mission to Nepal, Nepal International Fellowship dan lain-lain adalah beberapa lembaga misi awal barat yang datang dan membawa agama Kristen. Menurut data pemerintah, pengikut Kristen di Nepal meliputi sekitar 1,4% dari total populasi. (in) Il cristianesimo in Nepal è una religione di minoranza. Secondo i dati del censimento del 2011, la religione più diffusa in Nepal è l'induismo, professato da circa l'81% della popolazione; la seconda religione è il buddhismo, professato da circa il 9% della popolazione. I cristiani sono circa 375.000, pari all'1,4% della popolazione. Secondo stime dell'Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA) riferite al 2015, il numero dei cristiani sarebbe leggermente superiore, pari all'1,8% della popolazione, di cui la maggior parte sono protestanti; l'ARDA riporta inoltre che secondo alcune organizzazioni cristiane questi numeri sarebbero sottostimati e i cristiani in Nepal sarebbero almeno il 3% della popolazione. La nuova costituzione del Nepal approvata nel 2008 non prevede una religione di stato e riconosce la libertà religiosa nel rispetto della legge e dell'ordine pubblico. La legge vieta il proselitismo religioso e i tentativi di convertire le persone ad un'altra religione sono vietati; la legge punisce inoltre l'offesa del sentimento religioso di qualsiasi gruppo etnico o comunità. Tutti i gruppi religiosi devono registrarsi come Organizzazioni non governative: sono esentati da quest'obbligo solo i monasteri buddhisti. Le organizzazioni religiose registrate possono aprire scuole private chiedendo l'autorizzazione agli uffici scolastici distrettuali, che dipendono dal Ministero dell'educazione, della Scienza e della Tecnologia. Nonostante la libertà religiosa sia in teoria garantita, alcune minoranze religiose lamentano discriminazioni. (it) Het christendom in Nepal is in Nepal een kleine, maar groeiende, religieuze minderheid. 1,4% van de Nepalezen is christen. Het christelijke geloof werd voor het eerst verkondigd in Nepal in de 18e eeuw. Van 1810 tot 1950 werden onder het Gurkha en later -regime echter geen zendelingen en missionarisen toegelaten. De enige manier om met het christendom in aanraking te komen in die tijd was door middel van contact met Nepalese christenen buiten Nepal. Na de hervormingen in 1951 kwamen Nepalese christenen uit India terug naar Nepal en werd zending en missie weer mogelijk alhoewel bekering tot het christendom nog steeds illegaal was. In 1990 werd de grondwet grondig herzien. In deze grondwet werd echter nog geen vrijheid van godsdienst vastgelegd. In 2006 werd Nepal een seculiere staat. Sinds de (tijdelijke) grondwet van 2007 is een zekere godsdienstvrijheid van kracht, maar het is nog steeds verboden om mensen te bekeren. Er is vervolging van christenen in Nepal. (nl)
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rdfs:comment Kekristenan di Nepal bermula ketika orang Kristen Protestan datang ke Nepal terutama melalui orang Nepal yang tinggal di luar Nepal selama dan sebelum Rezim Rana. Setelah jatuhnya pemerintahan Rana di Nepal pada tahun 1950, orang-orang Kristen Nepal yang tinggal di India datang kembali, bersama dengan beberapa misionaris Barat. United Mission to Nepal, Nepal International Fellowship dan lain-lain adalah beberapa lembaga misi awal barat yang datang dan membawa agama Kristen. Menurut data pemerintah, pengikut Kristen di Nepal meliputi sekitar 1,4% dari total populasi. (in) تُشكل المسيحية في نيبال أقليَّة دينيَّة، المسيحية وفقاً لتعداد السكان عام 2011، هي خامس أكبر الديانات الممارسة في نيبال، مع حوالي 375,699 تابع، أو 1.4% من مجمل السكان. ومع ذلك يزعم على نطاق واسع أن التعداد السكاني أنه لم يتم احتساب غير الهندوس بشكل منتظم في تعدادات نيبال، ويُقدر المراقبون أن هناك ما لا يقل عن مليون مسيحي نيبالي. وفقاً لتقرير من معهد غوردون كونويل اللاهوتي، تعد كنيسة نيبال البروتستانتية الكنيسة الأسرع نمواً في العالم. الغالبية العظمى من المسيحيين النيباليين هم من البروتستانت الإنجيليين؛ هناك أيضاً أعداد من السكان الكاثوليك والتي تقارب إلى حوالي 10,000. (ar) Christianity is, according to the 2011 census, the fifth most practiced religion in Nepal, with 375,699 adherents, or 1.4% of the population. Many informed observers have estimated that there are at least 1 million Nepali Christians. According to some Christian groups, there may be as many as 3 million Christians in Nepal, constituting up to 10% of the country's population. A report by Gordon Conwell Theological Seminary identified the Nepali church the fastest growing in the world. The vast majority of Nepali Christians are evangelical Protestants (if evangelical is defined broadly to include charismatics and Pentecostals); there is also a small Catholic population of roughly 10,000. (en) Il cristianesimo in Nepal è una religione di minoranza. Secondo i dati del censimento del 2011, la religione più diffusa in Nepal è l'induismo, professato da circa l'81% della popolazione; la seconda religione è il buddhismo, professato da circa il 9% della popolazione. I cristiani sono circa 375.000, pari all'1,4% della popolazione. Secondo stime dell'Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA) riferite al 2015, il numero dei cristiani sarebbe leggermente superiore, pari all'1,8% della popolazione, di cui la maggior parte sono protestanti; l'ARDA riporta inoltre che secondo alcune organizzazioni cristiane questi numeri sarebbero sottostimati e i cristiani in Nepal sarebbero almeno il 3% della popolazione. La nuova costituzione del Nepal approvata nel 2008 non prevede una religione di sta (it) Het christendom in Nepal is in Nepal een kleine, maar groeiende, religieuze minderheid. 1,4% van de Nepalezen is christen. Het christelijke geloof werd voor het eerst verkondigd in Nepal in de 18e eeuw. Van 1810 tot 1950 werden onder het Gurkha en later -regime echter geen zendelingen en missionarisen toegelaten. De enige manier om met het christendom in aanraking te komen in die tijd was door middel van contact met Nepalese christenen buiten Nepal. Na de hervormingen in 1951 kwamen Nepalese christenen uit India terug naar Nepal en werd zending en missie weer mogelijk alhoewel bekering tot het christendom nog steeds illegaal was. In 1990 werd de grondwet grondig herzien. In deze grondwet werd echter nog geen vrijheid van godsdienst vastgelegd. In 2006 werd Nepal een seculiere staat. Sinds (nl)
rdfs:label Christianity in Nepal (en) المسيحية في نيبال (ar) Kekristenan di Nepal (in) Cristianesimo in Nepal (it) Christendom in Nepal (nl)
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