Diploma mill (original) (raw)
الجامعات الوهمية هي شركات ومنظمات تدعي أنها مؤسسات تعليم عالي ولكنها تقدم درجات أكاديمية غير قانونية مقابل أجر مادي.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:abstract | الجامعات الوهمية هي شركات ومنظمات تدعي أنها مؤسسات تعليم عالي ولكنها تقدم درجات أكاديمية غير قانونية مقابل أجر مادي. (ar) Als Titelmühlen (engl. diploma mill oder degree mill, eigentlich Titelfabrik bedeutend) werden Einrichtungen bezeichnet, die gegen die Zahlung von Gebühren dem Zahlenden Urkunden verleihen, die wie anerkannte akademische Grade anmuten, aber nicht mit einer wissenschaftlichen Ausbildung einhergehen. Sie sind Teil des sogenannten Titelhandels. (de) A diploma mill (also known as a degree mill) is a company or organization that claims to be a higher education institution but provides illegitimate academic degrees and diplomas for a fee. The degrees can be fabricated (made-up), falsified (fake), or misrepresented (practically useless). These degrees may claim to give credit for relevant life experience, but should not be confused with legitimate prior learning assessment programs. They may also claim to evaluate work history or require submission of a thesis or dissertation for evaluation to give an appearance of authenticity. Diploma mills are frequently supported by accreditation mills, set up for the purpose of providing an appearance of authenticity. The term may also be used pejoratively to describe an accredited institution with low academic admission standards and a low job placement rate. An individual may or may not be aware that the degree they have obtained is not wholly legitimate. In either case, legal issues can arise if the qualification is used in resumes. (en) Una fábrica de diplomas (también conocida como fábrica de títulos) es una compañía u organización que afirma ser una institución educativa alta pero que ofrece títulos académicos y diplomas ilegítimos por una tarifa. Estos grados pueden pretender dar crédito por la experiencia de vida pertinente, pero no deben confundirse con programas legítimos de evaluación de aprendizaje previo. También pueden pretender evaluar la historia de trabajo o exigir la presentación de una tesis o disertación para su evaluación para dar una apariencia de autenticidad. Las fábricas de diplomas son apoyadas con frecuencia por «fábricas de acreditaciones», organizaciones que pretenden otorgar la acreditación educativa a instituciones de educación superior sin tener autoridad gubernamental ni reconocimiento para operar como un acreditador, con el propósito de proporcionar una apariencia de la autenticidad. El término también puede usarse peyorativamente para describir a una institución acreditada con bajos estándares de admisión académica y una baja tasa de colocación laboral. Un individuo puede no ser consciente de que el título que ha obtenido no es totalmente legítimo. En cualquier caso, se plantean cuestiones legales si la calificación se utiliza en currículos. (es) Une usine à diplômes (en anglais diploma mill ou degree mill, littéralement « moulin à diplôme ») définissant des organisations prétendant être des institutions d’enseignement supérieur et qui vendent leurs diplômes. Elle se distingue de la simple entreprise de contrefaçon (où les diplômes d'universités reconnues sont reproduits avec les données personnelles de l'acheteur): dans une usine à diplôme, l'institution existe réellement et produit des diplômes sous son nom. En 2015, une liste de 370 usines à diplômes anglophones est publiée par le New York Times. Les usines à diplômes construisent leur légitimité sur des facteurs extérieurs à l'enseignement et la recherche : ainsi la très décriée « École supérieure Robert de Sorbon® » tient-elle grâce à l'utilisation d'une adresse Web prestigieuse (sorbon.fr), d'une marque (d'où le ®), et de la loi qui rend possible de valider des expériences professionnelles (VAE) ? Certaines usines sont démasquées quand elles délivrent des diplômes à des animaux. (fr) Pabrik ijazah atau lembaga jual gelar (bahasa Inggris: diploma mill) adalah organisasi pendidikan yang menganugerahkan gelar akademis dan diploma tanpa harus melalui banyak akademis, dan tidak diakreditasi secara resmi. Menurut kamus Webster, diploma mill adalah "lembaga pendidikan tinggi yang beroperasi tanpa pengawasan dari negara atau badan profesi, yang memberikan diploma palsu atau yang tidak sesuai standar". Meski lembaga-lembaga tersebut tidak terakreditasi secara resmi, mereka kerap mengklaim sebagai terakreditasi oleh badan pengakreditasi yang tidak resmi, yang khusus didirikan untuk memberikan akreditasi palsu tersebut. (in) 학위남발학교(學位濫發學校)는 학위나 졸업장을 불충분하거나 대학교육을 받지 않고, 또는 공식적인 승인기구의 승인이 없이 주는 곳을 말한다. 영어권에서는 졸업장공장(卒業狀工場, 영어: diploma mill), 또는 학위공장(學位工場, 영어: degree mill)이라고 부른다. 웹스터 사전에(Webster’s Third New International Dictionary) 의하면, "국가(주)나 전문적인 기관의 관리없이 운영되고, 가짜이거나 (적당한 기준에 부합하지 못하기 때문에) 하찮은 졸업장(학위)을 수여하는 고등교육기관이다."라고 뜻을 써놓고 있다. 이러한 학교에서 학위를 취득하는 이유는 여러가지가 있겠지만, 대체로 학위를 빠른 시간내에 취득하거나, 자기과시의 목적인 경우가 많다. 미국같이 민간에서 대학에 학위수여 기관 인증을 하는 경우, 인가기관이 학위남발학교에 인가를 남발하는 경우가 있는데 이를 인가공장(accredition mill)이라고 부른다. 세계적으로 일부 학교의 경우 학위를 남발한다는 비판을 받고 있으며, 이런 대학교를 학위남발학교 또는 졸업장 공장(영어: Diploma mill 디플로머 밀[*])이라고 한다. 대한민국에서는 학사, 석사, 박사 인원을 국가기관인 교육부에 허가를 취득하고 등록하여 관리하므로 정식 학위를 남발하기는 어렵다. 그런데도 국내에서 편법적으로 내국인이 아닌 해외유학생에게 학위를 수여한 사건이 일어나 수사한 일이 있다. 국내와 달리 제도적 관리가 약한 미주 지역과 유럽 일부 지역은 학위를 대학교가 직접 관리하므로 이러한 학위남발의 폐해가 다수 발생한다. 미국처럼 학위를 대학교에서 직접 관리할 경우 불법적 기여입학 학위, 편법 학위 취득과 같은 문제가 발생하기도 하고, 폭로되어 문제가 되기도 한다. 미국의 소규모 사립 대학의 경우는 공공연하게 경제 잡지나 주간지에 단기 학위 취득 과정을 홍보하기도 하며, 공공연히 학위를 남발하는 대학교에 대한 명단이 존재할 정도이다. 국내에서도 사회적으로 명예로운 활동을 하는 인물에게 주는 명예 학위는 정식 학위가 아니므로 교육부에 등록하지 않는다. 이러한 점을 이용해 명예 박사 학위의 경우 대학들이 명예로운 활동 인물이 아닌데도 남발하여 수여하고 있다는 지적이 있다. 해외에서는 학위를 돈을 받고 남발하는 경우에는 학위 장사라고 표현하기도 한다. 가짜 학위 장사는 대학교에서 주관하기도 하지만, 단순히 서류만 조작하는 작업으로 해외 대학교 학위증을 위조하여 판매한다. 국내에서도 다양한 지역 대학교를 졸업하는 인력이 늘면서 가짜 학위증의 문제도 함께 늘어나는 추세이다. (ko) ディプロマミル（英語: diploma mill）またはディグリーミル（英語: degree mill）とは、実際に就学せずとも金銭と引き換えに高等教育の「学位」を授与すると称する機関・組織・団体・非認定大学のことである。それらの活動は学位商法（がくいしょうほう）とも呼ばれる。 転じて、アメリカ英語のスラングで、入学卒業が非常に容易な大学を皮肉をこめてこう呼ぶ。なお、このような転用がみられるのは、アメリカ合衆国の大学では、入学は容易だが卒業認定は厳格なのが普通であるためである。 (ja) Con la locuzione fabbrica di titoli — anche diplomificio, laureificio o talvolta esamificio — si denota una istituzione che rilascia titoli di studio a fronte di scarsa o nulla verifica del profitto, o dei contenuti formativi dell'esperienza pregressa da convalidare, in linea con canoni comunemente accettati per il tipo e il livello della qualifica offerta. Le fabbriche di titoli, anche se non riconosciute o autorizzate, possono operare in alcuni Paesi (segnatamente in diversi Stati federati degli Stati Uniti d'America, dove vengono chiamati diploma mill o degree mill, o in alcuni cantoni della Svizzera) ma sono bandite in quasi tutto il mondo, ove vigono criteri stringenti per il rilascio di titoli di studio, entro una cornice definita dall'autorità pubblica. Il Libro dell'Anno Treccani ha inserito laureificio tra le parole dell'anno del 2011, attribuendola al filosofo Tullio Gregory. (it) Fabryka dyplomów (ang. diploma mill, także degree mill, dosł. młyn dyplomów) – firma lub organizacja, która twierdzi, że jest instytucją szkolnictwa wyższego, ale faktycznie za opłatą wydaje nielegalne (nie-akredytowane i nieuznawane) stopnie naukowe i dyplomy. Instytucje te mogą twierdzić, że stopnie są przyznawane za odpowiednie doświadczenie życiowe, oceniają historię pracy lub wymagają przedłożenia pracy dyplomowej lub rozprawy do oceny, aby nadać pozór autentyczności. Młyny dyplomowe są często wspierane przez , utworzone w celu zapewnienia większego pozoru autentyczności. Termin ten może być również używany pejoratywnie do opisania akredytowanej instytucji o niskich standardach przyjęć na studia i niskim wskaźniku zatrudnienia. Mogą pojawić się kwestie prawne, jeśli kwalifikacja uzyskana od fabryki dyplomów zostanie użyta w celu uzyskania zatrudnienia, włącznie z oskarżeniami o fałszerstwo, choć nie wszyscy klienci (studenci) „fabryk dyplomów” są świadomi tego, że otrzymali problematyczny dokument Zjawisko fabryk dyplomów istnieje na całym świecie, w tym w Polsce. (pl) Ett bluffuniversitet är en organisation eller individ som utfärdar falska eller värdelösa betyg eller examensbevis utan att ställa egentliga krav på studier och utan att någon erkänd myndighet eller organisation utövar tillsyn över universitetens verksamhet. På engelska används uttrycket "betygskvarn" (diploma mill). En betygskvarn är en organisation som utfärdar akademiska examina och diplom trots att den som ansöker om examen studerat i mycket liten omfattning eller inte alls. Webster’s Third New International Dictionary definierar en betygskvarn som "en högre utbildningsanstalt som drivs utan tillsyn av statlig eller yrkesmässig organisation och som utfärdar examensbevis som är antingen förfalskningar eller, på grund av bristfällig kvalitet, värdelösa". ("An institution of higher education operating without supervision of a state or professional agency and granting diplomas which are either fraudulent or, because of the lack of proper standards, worthless.") Sådana organisationer är ofta ej ackrediterade, men de påstår sig ofta vara ackrediterade av någon icke-erkänd/ej godkänd organisation som har startats för ett ge ett sken av autenticitet. Det är vanligt att bluffuniversitet väljer ett namn som är mycket likartat ett väletablerat och prestigefyllt existerande universitet, ofta i den engelsktalande delen av världen. Fenomenet har funnits länge, inte minst i USA, men har expanderat kraftigt under 2000-talet, i takt med att bluffuniversiteten har flyttat sin verksamhet till Internet där de ofta marknadsför sig med hjälp av skräppost. (sv) Фа́брика дипло́мов (англ. diploma mill) или фа́брика степене́й (англ. degree mill) — не имеющая соответствующей аккредитации (государственной или от уполномоченного агентства) компания или организация, объявляющая себя высшим учебным заведением, присуждающая и выдающая за определённую плату недействительные учёные степени и дипломы об образовании. Для видимости образовательного процесса фабрики дипломов проводят защиты выпускных квалификационных работ и диссертаций. Для укрепления своего положения они тесно сотрудничают с фабриками аккредитации. Фабриками дипломов могут в уничижительном смысле именовать и аккредитованные учебные заведения, имеющие низкие показатели в подготовке обучающихся и их последующем трудоустройстве, такие как коммерческие школы. (ru) Uma fábrica de diplomas ou fábrica de graduação é uma empresa ou organização que afirma ser uma instituição de ensino superior, mas oferece graduação acadêmica e diplomas ilegítimos mediante o pagamento de uma taxa. As graduações podem ser fabricadas (inventadas), falsificadas (falsas) ou desvirtuadas (praticamente inúteis). Algumas fábricas de diplomas também desempenharam um papel na criação de órgãos de credenciamento não reconhecidos. Também podem alegar que avaliam o histórico de trabalho ou exigem a apresentação de uma tese ou dissertação para avaliação. As fábricas de diploma são frequentemente apoiadas por fábricas de credenciamento, criadas com o objetivo de fornecer uma aparência de autenticidade. (pt) 文憑工廠（英語：Diploma mill），又稱野雞大學、学历工厂、虚假大学、學店等，泛指不受任何官方機構承認的高校。「野鸡」指粗放的管理型態，這些大学常使用与知名大学相似的名字，出售文憑，混淆视听，通常招收外籍富二代學生，以便他們在本國求職使用這些極容易取得的文憑。與營利學校不同，營利學校與野雞大學均為花錢買文憑，但野雞大學的文憑不被官方機構認可。野鸡大学背后常由认证工厂支持，后者为其提供假冒的真实感。申请人对此可能知情、也可能毫不知晓。不管如何，当将文凭用在简历上时，視乎情節嚴重，可能会引发道德或法律争端。 (zh) |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1973/07/17300/13151321.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20160310020248/https:/www.hedd.ac.uk/search_university_or_college.htm |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 551132 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 67303 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1106266802 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Cabinet_of_Finland dbr:Cantons_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina dbr:Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom dbr:Pseudoscience dbr:Schoolteacher dbr:Scientific_journal dbr:Scottish_parliament dbr:El_Universal_(Mexico_City) dbr:Mickey_Mouse_degrees dbr:Notary_public dbr:Bologna_Process dbr:David_F._Noble dbr:List_of_animals_with_fraudulent_diplomas dbr:List_of_universities_in_Switzerland dbr:Republic_of_Ireland dbr:Resume dbr:Revised_Penal_Code_of_the_Philippines dbr:Daigakkō dbr:United_Kingdom dbr:United_States_Department_of_Education dbr:University_Grants_Commission_(India) dbr:University_Grants_Commission_(Sri_Lanka) dbr:Decree dbr:Det_Nødvendige_Seminarium dbr:Internet dbr:John_Bear_(educator) dbr:Ammattikorkeakoulu dbr:Royal_charter dbr:Predatory_open_access_publishing dbr:LL.M. dbr:.ac dbr:.edu dbr:Council_for_Higher_Education_Accreditation dbr:Crime dbr:Résumé dbr:Essay_mill dbr:Ordination_mill dbr:Germany dbr:Ministry_of_Education,_Culture,_Sports,_Science_and_Technology dbr:Ministry_of_Science,_Technology_and_Higher_Education dbr:Corina_Dumitrescu dbr:Maine dbr:Malaysia dbr:States_of_Germany dbr:École_Polytechnique_Fédérale_de_Lausanne dbr:Fraud dbr:Prior_learning_assessment dbr:Superintendent_(education) dbr:Australia dbr:Australian_Securities_and_Investments_Commission dbr:Axact dbr:Brčko_District dbr:CcTLD dbr:UNESCO dbr:Washington_(state) dbr:Wellington dbr:Who's_Who_scam dbr:Dissernet dbr:Distance_education dbr:Diário_da_República dbr:Job_fraud dbr:Ac.uk dbr:Academic_degree dbr:Accepted dbr:Act_of_parliament dbr:E-mail_spam dbr:ETH_Zurich dbc:Distance_education dbr:Federal_Trade_Commission dbr:North_Dakota dbr:Northern_Ireland_Assembly dbc:Ethically_disputed_educational_practices dbr:Diploma dbr:Education_Reform_Act_1988 dbr:Educational_accreditation dbr:Fairfax_University dbr:Legal_recourse dbr:Dissertation dbr:Master's_degree dbr:Ministry_(government_department) dbr:Esoteric dbr:Malaysian_Qualifications_Framework dbr:Recognition_of_prior_learning dbr:Higher_Education_Act_of_1965 dbr:Acts_of_Parliament_in_the_United_Kingdom dbr:Italian_Minister_of_Education,_University_and_Research dbr:Bachelor's_degree dbr:Bologna_process dbr:Texas dbr:Ascension_Island dbr:Astrology dbr:Academic_ranks_in_Spain dbr:Accreditation_mill dbc:Academic_terminology dbc:Criticism_of_academia dbc:Unaccredited_institutions_of_higher_learning dbc:Unrecognized_accreditation_associations dbr:China dbr:Higher_Education_Degree_Datacheck dbr:Higher_Education_Funding_Council_for_England dbr:Higher_Education_Support_Act_2003 dbr:Honorary_degree dbr:Ten_Speed_Press dbr:Thesis dbr:Underwater_basket_weaving dbr:Monthly_Review_Press dbr:Dimitrie_Cantemir_Christian_University dbr:Dongguk_University dbr:Author_mill dbc:Distance_education_institutions dbr:Manila dbr:Business_license dbr:Political_divisions_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina dbr:South_Korea dbr:Document_forgery dbr:Illinois dbr:Indian_Institute_of_Planning_and_Management dbr:Indiana dbr:Michigan dbr:Minister_for_Education_(Australia) dbr:National_Agency_for_Quality_Assessment_and_Accreditation dbr:National_Assembly_for_Wales dbr:Nevada dbr:New_Jersey dbr:Newlands,_New_Zealand dbr:Oregon dbr:Recto_Avenue dbr:Secretariat_of_Public_Education_(Mexico) dbr:Seoul dbr:Shin_Jeong-ah dbr:Yale_University dbr:University_Microfilms_International dbr:Fachhochschule dbr:Factory dbr:List_of_unaccredited_institutions_of_higher_education dbr:List_of_universities_in_Greece dbr:List_of_unrecognized_higher_education_accreditation_organizations dbr:Tax_havens dbr:Technical_universities dbr:Name_It_and_Frame_It? dbr:National_Institution_for_Academic_Degr...ality_Enhancement_of_Higher_Education dbr:National_Qualifications_Authority_of_Ireland dbr:Naturopathy dbr:Unfair_competition dbr:Seminary dbr:Vanity_award dbr:Tvind dbr:Steve_Levicoff dbr:Offense_(law) dbr:For-profit_school dbr:UK_parliament dbr:Hard_sciences dbr:Trademark_law dbr:DipScam dbr:Free_Exercise_Clause_of_the_First_Amendment dbr:Plenary_authority dbr:Establishment_Clause_of_the_First_Amendment dbr:Jurisdiction_shopping dbr:US_Department_of_Education dbr:Unaccredited_institutions_of_higher_learning dbr:NVAO dbr:Sven-Otto_Littorin dbr:U.S._Secretary_of_Education dbr:Patent_University |
| dbp:id | a1voHNMQDrk (en) |
| dbp:title | Types of Accreditation: What's the Difference? (en) |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | dbt:As_of dbt:Authority_control dbt:Blockquote dbt:Citation_needed dbt:Curlie dbt:Div_col dbt:Div_col_end dbt:ISBN dbt:Main dbt:Portal dbt:Redirect dbt:Reflist dbt:See_also dbt:Short_description dbt:Sister_project_links dbt:YouTube |
| dct:subject | dbc:Distance_education dbc:Ethically_disputed_educational_practices dbc:Academic_terminology dbc:Criticism_of_academia dbc:Unaccredited_institutions_of_higher_learning dbc:Unrecognized_accreditation_associations dbc:Distance_education_institutions |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Company |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing dbo:Company yago:WikicatUnaccreditedInstitutionsOfHigherLearning yago:WikicatUnrecognizedAccreditationAssociations yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:Association108049401 yago:Group100031264 yago:Institution108053576 yago:Organization108008335 yago:YagoLegalActor yago:YagoLegalActorGeo yago:YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity yago:SocialGroup107950920 yago:WikicatDistanceEducationInstitutions yago:WikicatEducationalOrganizations |
| rdfs:comment | الجامعات الوهمية هي شركات ومنظمات تدعي أنها مؤسسات تعليم عالي ولكنها تقدم درجات أكاديمية غير قانونية مقابل أجر مادي. (ar) Als Titelmühlen (engl. diploma mill oder degree mill, eigentlich Titelfabrik bedeutend) werden Einrichtungen bezeichnet, die gegen die Zahlung von Gebühren dem Zahlenden Urkunden verleihen, die wie anerkannte akademische Grade anmuten, aber nicht mit einer wissenschaftlichen Ausbildung einhergehen. Sie sind Teil des sogenannten Titelhandels. (de) Pabrik ijazah atau lembaga jual gelar (bahasa Inggris: diploma mill) adalah organisasi pendidikan yang menganugerahkan gelar akademis dan diploma tanpa harus melalui banyak akademis, dan tidak diakreditasi secara resmi. Menurut kamus Webster, diploma mill adalah "lembaga pendidikan tinggi yang beroperasi tanpa pengawasan dari negara atau badan profesi, yang memberikan diploma palsu atau yang tidak sesuai standar". Meski lembaga-lembaga tersebut tidak terakreditasi secara resmi, mereka kerap mengklaim sebagai terakreditasi oleh badan pengakreditasi yang tidak resmi, yang khusus didirikan untuk memberikan akreditasi palsu tersebut. (in) ディプロマミル（英語: diploma mill）またはディグリーミル（英語: degree mill）とは、実際に就学せずとも金銭と引き換えに高等教育の「学位」を授与すると称する機関・組織・団体・非認定大学のことである。それらの活動は学位商法（がくいしょうほう）とも呼ばれる。 転じて、アメリカ英語のスラングで、入学卒業が非常に容易な大学を皮肉をこめてこう呼ぶ。なお、このような転用がみられるのは、アメリカ合衆国の大学では、入学は容易だが卒業認定は厳格なのが普通であるためである。 (ja) 文憑工廠（英語：Diploma mill），又稱野雞大學、学历工厂、虚假大学、學店等，泛指不受任何官方機構承認的高校。「野鸡」指粗放的管理型態，這些大学常使用与知名大学相似的名字，出售文憑，混淆视听，通常招收外籍富二代學生，以便他們在本國求職使用這些極容易取得的文憑。與營利學校不同，營利學校與野雞大學均為花錢買文憑，但野雞大學的文憑不被官方機構認可。野鸡大学背后常由认证工厂支持，后者为其提供假冒的真实感。申请人对此可能知情、也可能毫不知晓。不管如何，当将文凭用在简历上时，視乎情節嚴重，可能会引发道德或法律争端。 (zh) A diploma mill (also known as a degree mill) is a company or organization that claims to be a higher education institution but provides illegitimate academic degrees and diplomas for a fee. The degrees can be fabricated (made-up), falsified (fake), or misrepresented (practically useless). These degrees may claim to give credit for relevant life experience, but should not be confused with legitimate prior learning assessment programs. They may also claim to evaluate work history or require submission of a thesis or dissertation for evaluation to give an appearance of authenticity. Diploma mills are frequently supported by accreditation mills, set up for the purpose of providing an appearance of authenticity. The term may also be used pejoratively to describe an accredited institution with l (en) Una fábrica de diplomas (también conocida como fábrica de títulos) es una compañía u organización que afirma ser una institución educativa alta pero que ofrece títulos académicos y diplomas ilegítimos por una tarifa. Estos grados pueden pretender dar crédito por la experiencia de vida pertinente, pero no deben confundirse con programas legítimos de evaluación de aprendizaje previo. También pueden pretender evaluar la historia de trabajo o exigir la presentación de una tesis o disertación para su evaluación para dar una apariencia de autenticidad. Las fábricas de diplomas son apoyadas con frecuencia por «fábricas de acreditaciones», organizaciones que pretenden otorgar la acreditación educativa a instituciones de educación superior sin tener autoridad gubernamental ni reconocimiento para (es) Une usine à diplômes (en anglais diploma mill ou degree mill, littéralement « moulin à diplôme ») définissant des organisations prétendant être des institutions d’enseignement supérieur et qui vendent leurs diplômes. Elle se distingue de la simple entreprise de contrefaçon (où les diplômes d'universités reconnues sont reproduits avec les données personnelles de l'acheteur): dans une usine à diplôme, l'institution existe réellement et produit des diplômes sous son nom. En 2015, une liste de 370 usines à diplômes anglophones est publiée par le New York Times. (fr) Con la locuzione fabbrica di titoli — anche diplomificio, laureificio o talvolta esamificio — si denota una istituzione che rilascia titoli di studio a fronte di scarsa o nulla verifica del profitto, o dei contenuti formativi dell'esperienza pregressa da convalidare, in linea con canoni comunemente accettati per il tipo e il livello della qualifica offerta. Il Libro dell'Anno Treccani ha inserito laureificio tra le parole dell'anno del 2011, attribuendola al filosofo Tullio Gregory. (it) 학위남발학교(學位濫發學校)는 학위나 졸업장을 불충분하거나 대학교육을 받지 않고, 또는 공식적인 승인기구의 승인이 없이 주는 곳을 말한다. 영어권에서는 졸업장공장(卒業狀工場, 영어: diploma mill), 또는 학위공장(學位工場, 영어: degree mill)이라고 부른다. 웹스터 사전에(Webster’s Third New International Dictionary) 의하면, "국가(주)나 전문적인 기관의 관리없이 운영되고, 가짜이거나 (적당한 기준에 부합하지 못하기 때문에) 하찮은 졸업장(학위)을 수여하는 고등교육기관이다."라고 뜻을 써놓고 있다. 이러한 학교에서 학위를 취득하는 이유는 여러가지가 있겠지만, 대체로 학위를 빠른 시간내에 취득하거나, 자기과시의 목적인 경우가 많다. 미국처럼 학위를 대학교에서 직접 관리할 경우 불법적 기여입학 학위, 편법 학위 취득과 같은 문제가 발생하기도 하고, 폭로되어 문제가 되기도 한다. 미국의 소규모 사립 대학의 경우는 공공연하게 경제 잡지나 주간지에 단기 학위 취득 과정을 홍보하기도 하며, 공공연히 학위를 남발하는 대학교에 대한 명단이 존재할 정도이다. (ko) Uma fábrica de diplomas ou fábrica de graduação é uma empresa ou organização que afirma ser uma instituição de ensino superior, mas oferece graduação acadêmica e diplomas ilegítimos mediante o pagamento de uma taxa. (pt) Fabryka dyplomów (ang. diploma mill, także degree mill, dosł. młyn dyplomów) – firma lub organizacja, która twierdzi, że jest instytucją szkolnictwa wyższego, ale faktycznie za opłatą wydaje nielegalne (nie-akredytowane i nieuznawane) stopnie naukowe i dyplomy. Instytucje te mogą twierdzić, że stopnie są przyznawane za odpowiednie doświadczenie życiowe, oceniają historię pracy lub wymagają przedłożenia pracy dyplomowej lub rozprawy do oceny, aby nadać pozór autentyczności. Młyny dyplomowe są często wspierane przez , utworzone w celu zapewnienia większego pozoru autentyczności. (pl) Ett bluffuniversitet är en organisation eller individ som utfärdar falska eller värdelösa betyg eller examensbevis utan att ställa egentliga krav på studier och utan att någon erkänd myndighet eller organisation utövar tillsyn över universitetens verksamhet. Sådana organisationer är ofta ej ackrediterade, men de påstår sig ofta vara ackrediterade av någon icke-erkänd/ej godkänd organisation som har startats för ett ge ett sken av autenticitet. (sv) Фа́брика дипло́мов (англ. diploma mill) или фа́брика степене́й (англ. degree mill) — не имеющая соответствующей аккредитации (государственной или от уполномоченного агентства) компания или организация, объявляющая себя высшим учебным заведением, присуждающая и выдающая за определённую плату недействительные учёные степени и дипломы об образовании. Для видимости образовательного процесса фабрики дипломов проводят защиты выпускных квалификационных работ и диссертаций. Для укрепления своего положения они тесно сотрудничают с фабриками аккредитации. (ru) |
| rdfs:label | جامعة وهمية (ar) Titelmühle (de) Fábrica de diplomas (es) Diploma mill (en) Pabrik ijazah (in) Usine à diplômes (fr) Fabbrica di titoli (it) 학위남발학교 (ko) ディプロマミル (ja) Fabryka dyplomów (pl) Фабрика дипломов (ru) Fábrica de diplomas (pt) Bluffuniversitet (sv) 文憑工廠 (zh) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:Canada dbr:The_United_Kingdom dbr:Higher_education dbr:Accreditation_mill dbr:Switzerland dbr:Bogus_colleges dbr:List_of_universities |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:Diploma mill yago-res:Diploma mill wikidata:Diploma mill dbpedia-ar:Diploma mill dbpedia-da:Diploma mill dbpedia-de:Diploma mill dbpedia-es:Diploma mill dbpedia-et:Diploma mill dbpedia-fa:Diploma mill dbpedia-fr:Diploma mill dbpedia-he:Diploma mill http://hi.dbpedia.org/resource/डिप्लोमा_मिल dbpedia-hu:Diploma mill dbpedia-id:Diploma mill dbpedia-it:Diploma mill dbpedia-ja:Diploma mill dbpedia-ko:Diploma mill dbpedia-no:Diploma mill dbpedia-pl:Diploma mill dbpedia-pt:Diploma mill dbpedia-ro:Diploma mill dbpedia-ru:Diploma mill dbpedia-sr:Diploma mill dbpedia-sv:Diploma mill dbpedia-vi:Diploma mill dbpedia-zh:Diploma mill https://global.dbpedia.org/id/53nie |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Diploma_mill?oldid=1106266802&ns=0 |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Diploma_mill |
| is dbo:type of | dbr:Rochville_University |
| is dbo:wikiPageDisambiguates of | dbr:Mill |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:Degree_mill dbr:Degree_Mills dbr:Diploma_mills dbr:Diploma_Mill dbr:Universität_Herisau dbr:Universitat_Herisau dbr:Fake_university dbr:Life_Experience_Degree dbr:Life_Experience_Degrees dbr:Life_experience_degree dbr:Life_experience_degrees dbr:Diploma_Mills dbr:Degree_factories dbr:Degree_mills |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Carl_Baugh dbr:American_Accrediting_Association_of_Theological_Institutions dbr:American_Association_of_Nutritional_Consultants dbr:American_Central_University dbr:American_City_University dbr:American_University_of_London dbr:Belford_University dbr:Predatory_publishing dbr:Preet_Bharara dbr:Robert_O._Young dbr:Rodney_Howard-Browne dbr:List_of_animals_awarded_human_credentials dbr:List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Louisiana dbr:List_of_confidence_tricks dbr:Mickey_Mouse_degrees dbr:Mill dbr:Monticello_University dbr:Rajmohan_Pillai dbr:Biswaroop_Roy_Chowdhury dbr:Bob_Jones_University dbr:Breyer_State_University dbr:Degree_mill dbr:All_About_Radiation dbr:Almeda_University dbr:Antoine_Moussa_Zahra dbr:History_of_medicine_in_the_United_States dbr:John_R._Brinkley dbr:List_of_King_of_the_Hill_characters dbr:Robb_Thompson dbr:United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security dbr:University_of_South_Africa dbr:Università_Popolare_degli_Studi_di_Milano dbr:Viktor_Yanukovych dbr:Degrees-R-Us dbr:Degrees_offered_by_unaccredited_institutions_of_higher_education dbr:ʻEtuate_Lavulavu dbr:Internacional_University dbr:International_Accreditation_Agency_for_Online_Universities dbr:International_Parliament_for_Safety_and_Peace dbr:Predatory_educator dbr:Universidad_Empresarial_de_Costa_Rica dbr:College_of_the_Ozarks dbr:Columbia_Pacific_University dbr:Cross-border_education dbr:Marzuki_Yahya dbr:Masaru_Emoto dbr:Maxine_Asher dbr:McHenry_Venaani dbr:Megatrend_University dbr:Rutherford_University dbr:Essay_mill dbr:Louise_Wightman dbr:National_Council_Against_Health_Fraud dbr:Ordination_mill dbr:Oregon_Office_of_Degree_Authorization dbr:Tri-Valley_University dbr:University_Degree_Program dbr:Rai_Foundation dbr:Elizabeth_Quat dbr:George_Weah dbr:Mohammad_Reza_Rahimi dbr:Concordia_College_and_University dbr:Contract_cheating dbr:Correspondence_law_school dbr:Ann_Louise_Gittleman dbr:Apostille_Convention dbr:Loai_Deeb dbr:Local_Church_controversies dbr:Bogus_colleges_in_the_United_Kingdom dbr:California_Bureau_for_Private_Postsecondary_and_Vocational_Education dbr:California_State_Christian_University dbr:Cambridge_State_University dbr:Shoaib_Ahmed_Shaikh dbr:Columbia_State_University dbr:Columbus_University_(Louisiana) dbr:Hamilton_University dbr:Patriot_Bible_University dbr:Suffield_University dbr:Western_Oklahoma_State_College dbr:Mark_Ouimet_(politician) dbr:Axact dbr:BOL_Network dbr:Babar_Awan dbr:Walter_Ralston_Martin dbr:Warren_National_University dbr:Washington_State_Patrol dbr:William_Durbin dbr:Dissernet dbr:Distance_education dbr:Doctor_of_Metaphysics dbr:Doctor_shopping dbr:GSBA_Zurich dbr:Harvey_Medical_College dbr:James_Kirk_diploma_mills dbr:Jodeldiplom dbr:Laura_Callahan dbr:Lion_Country dbr:Lloyd_Clayton_Jr. dbr:Ronald_Pellar dbr:Adam_Smith_University dbr:Agum_Gumelar dbr:Alberto_Rivera_(activist) dbr:D._Gary_Young dbr:Fang_Zhouzi dbr:Florida_Center_for_Investigative_Reporting dbr:Francis_X._Morrissey dbr:Bronte_International_University dbr:Brooks_College dbr:Noah_Hutchings dbr:P._J._Sudhakar dbr:Carding_(fraud) dbr:Diploma dbr:Diploma_mills_in_the_United_States dbr:Education_in_Portugal dbr:Education_in_Russia dbr:Fairfax_University dbr:For-profit_education dbr:For-profit_higher_education_in_the_United_States dbr:Fortress_Besieged dbr:Degree_Mills dbr:History_of_perpetual_motion_machines dbr:Isles_International_University dbr:Knightsbridge_University dbr:Legal_recourse dbr:Leo_Bebb dbr:Master's_degree dbr:René_Drouin dbr:New_York_Graphic dbr:Hamzah_Haz dbr:Higher_education_in_Portugal dbr:Jeff_Perry_(politician) dbr:Than_Myint dbr:The_Chronicle_of_Higher_Education dbr:Pacific_International_University dbr:Thomas_Jefferson_Education_Foundation dbr:World_Online_Education_Accrediting_Commission dbr:Academic_dishonesty dbr:Academic_mill dbr:Accreditation_mill dbr:Chaudhry_Bilal_Ijaz dbr:Kent_Hovind dbr:Khin_Shwe dbr:Lafayette_Morehouse dbr:Bienville_University dbr:Blackstone_Career_Institute dbr:Syed_Aqil_Shah dbr:Higher_Education_Degree_Datacheck dbr:Jack_J._Pelton dbr:Dickinson_State_University dbr:Diploma_mills dbr:Ashwood_University dbr:Author_mill dbr:Marcus_Einfeld dbr:Marge_vs._the_Monorail dbr:Buxton_University dbr:Spiru_Haret_University dbr:ISSEA dbr:Institute_for_Advanced_Study_of_Human_Sexuality dbr:Korean_Council_for_University_Education dbr:Kumsusan_Palace_of_the_Sun dbr:Miami-Dade_County_Public_Schools dbr:Michael_O'Keefe_(Louisiana_politician) dbr:Midwest_University dbr:Olaf_Levonen dbr:Canterbury_University_(Seychelles) dbr:Wyoming dbr:Virtual_campus dbr:Madison_University dbr:Rushmore_University dbr:Saint_Regis_University dbr:Washington_International_University dbr:Diploma_Mill dbr:IOND_University dbr:Imadec_Executive_Education dbr:List_of_unaccredited_institutions_of_higher_education dbr:List_of_universities_in_Canada dbr:List_of_unrecognized_higher_education_accreditation_organizations dbr:World_Association_of_Universities_and_Colleges dbr:Mamadsho_Ilolov dbr:Washitaw_Nation dbr:Project_Thread dbr:Save_the_Children_State_of_the_World's_Mothers_report dbr:Pikes_Peak_Bible_Seminary dbr:Unaccredited_institutions_of_higher_education dbr:University_of_Northern_Virginia dbr:The_Rooster_Bar dbr:Rochville_University dbr:Steve_Levicoff dbr:University_of_NorthWest dbr:Universität_Herisau dbr:Universitat_Herisau dbr:Fake_university dbr:Life_Experience_Degree dbr:Life_Experience_Degrees dbr:Life_experience_degree dbr:Life_experience_degrees dbr:Diploma_Mills dbr:Degree_factories dbr:Degree_mills |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Diploma_mill |