Du Shi (original) (raw)
Du Shi (Chinese: 杜詩; pinyin: Dù Shī; Wade–Giles: Tu Shih, d. 38) was a Chinese hydrologist, inventor, mechanical engineer, metallurgist, and politician of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Du Shi is credited with being the first to apply hydraulic power (i.e. a waterwheel) to operate bellows (air-blowing device) in metallurgy. His invention was used to operate piston-bellows of the blast furnace and then cupola furnace in order to forge cast iron, which had been known in China since the 6th century BC. He worked as a censorial officer and administrator of several places during the reign of Emperor Guangwu of Han. He also led a brief military campaign in which he eliminated a small bandit army under Yang Yi (d. 26).
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:abstract | Du Shi (Chinese: 杜詩; pinyin: Dù Shī; Wade–Giles: Tu Shih, d. 38) was a Chinese hydrologist, inventor, mechanical engineer, metallurgist, and politician of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Du Shi is credited with being the first to apply hydraulic power (i.e. a waterwheel) to operate bellows (air-blowing device) in metallurgy. His invention was used to operate piston-bellows of the blast furnace and then cupola furnace in order to forge cast iron, which had been known in China since the 6th century BC. He worked as a censorial officer and administrator of several places during the reign of Emperor Guangwu of Han. He also led a brief military campaign in which he eliminated a small bandit army under Yang Yi (d. 26). (en) Du Shi, en chinois traditionnel : 杜詩 ; pinyin : Dù Shī ; Wade : Tu Shih, (date de naissance inconnue - 38) était un préfet chinois de Nanyang en l'an 31 ainsi qu'un ingénieur en hydraulique du temps des Han orientaux. On attribue à Du Shi la première contribution de l'énergie hydraulique à la métallurgie, par l'utilisation d'une roue à aubes pour actionner les soufflets d'un four. Son invention fut utilisée sur les soufflets à piston des hauts fourneaux et des cubilots, ce qui permit l'obtention de fonte en fusion. Il travailla également, sous le règne de l'empereur Han Guang Wudi, comme censeur et administrateur à plusieurs endroits, et commanda une courte expédition militaire contre un petit bandit armé du nom de Yang Yi (mort en 26). (fr) Du Shi (Hanzi: 杜詩; Pinyin: Dù Shī; Wade–Giles: Tu Shih, w. 38) adalah seorang insinyur, metalirgis, dan politikus Tiongkok pada zaman dinasti Han Timur. Du Shi dikenal karena menjadi orang pertama yang menerapkan kekuatan hidrolik (seperti roda air) untuk mengoperasikan ubub (alat penghembus udara) dalam metalurgi. (in) 杜詩（前1世纪？－38年），字君公，河內郡汲縣人，東漢官員及發明家，他與東漢蔡倫、張衡、北宋畢昇被譽為中國古代四大發明家。 杜詩年輕時有才能，在那里任官為功曹，以公平著稱。 更始政權時，被征辟為大司馬府官員。建武元年（25年），一年內三次升遷至侍御史。當時將軍放縱士兵橫行，驚擾百姓。杜詩勸諭蕭廣，蕭廣不知收斂，於是擊殺蕭廣，回京後奏報光武帝。光武帝派他巡視河東，去招降和誅殺反叛的賊人楊異等。杜詩到達大陽，聽說賊人企圖北渡，于是与長史迅速焚毀船只，調集部署郡中士兵，派騎兵突襲賊兵，殺死楊异等人，賊兵因此被消滅。拜授為成皋縣令，任官三年，政績優異。又遷升至沛郡都尉，再轉任汝南都尉。所到之處，皆有政績。 建武七年（31年），升任南陽郡太守。他生活節儉，施政清正平和，以誅除強暴建立威信，擅長計划謀略，節省和愛惜民役。又設計制作水排（水力鼓風機），以水力傳動機械，使皮製的鼓風囊連續開合，將空氣送入冶鐵爐，鑄造農具，用力少而見效多，便利百姓。此外，還修建池塘，開墾土地，使郡中百姓生活豐足。當時人們把他比作召信臣，所以南陽人贊頌他：“先有召父，后有杜母。”杜詩自認沒甚功勞，不應長期任大郡肥缺，請求他遷以讓職位給功臣，於是上疏請辭。光武帝愛其人才，不讓他請辭。 杜詩喜好推舉賢才，多次舉荐知名士人清河人劉統以及魯陽長董崇等人。東漢初期，法令制度仍很簡陋，皇帝以璽書調動兵馬，並沒有兵虎符作憑信，杜詩上疏建議設置虎符被采納，書《》。 杜詩雖在外地任官，仍留意朝廷大事，時常上奏建議。任官七年，政化大行。建武十四年（38年），因派食客為弟報仇，被征召問罪，正巧因病去世。杜詩家中貧困，沒有田宅，死后無處下葬。詔令在郡中官邸治喪，并賜一千匹絹辦喪事。 (zh) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Yuan_Dynasty_-_waterwheels_and_smelting.png?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://www.waterhistory.org/histories/waterwheels/ |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 10190362 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 11473 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1093479501 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Bellows dbr:Belt_(mechanical) dbr:Metallurgy dbr:Sanguo_Zhi dbr:Antipater_of_Thessalonica dbc:38_deaths dbc:Chinese_inventors dbc:Political_office-holders_in_Henan dbr:Cupola_furnace dbc:Year_of_birth_unknown dbc:Chinese_civil_engineers dbc:Chinese_hydrologists dbc:Chinese_metallurgists dbr:Emperor_Guangwu_of_Han dbr:Gengshi_Emperor dbr:Luoyang dbc:Han_dynasty_politicians_from_Henan dbr:Commandery_(China) dbr:Pei_Commandery dbr:Censorate dbc:Chinese_mechanical_engineers dbr:Three_Kingdoms dbr:Trip_hammer dbr:Wang_Mang dbr:Wang_Zhen_(official) dbc:Engineers_from_Henan dbc:Politicians_from_Xinxiang dbr:Du_(surname) dbr:Eastern_Han_Dynasty dbr:List_of_Chinese_people dbr:Du_Yu dbc:Chemists_from_Henan dbr:Government_of_the_Han_Dynasty dbr:Han_Ji dbr:Hedong_Commandery dbr:Henan dbr:Tang_Dynasty dbc:Hydraulic_engineers dbr:Land_reclamation dbr:Blast_furnace dbr:Xin_Dynasty dbr:Nanyang,_Henan dbr:Cast_iron dbr:Yellow_River dbr:Hydraulic dbr:Runan_Commandery dbr:Wade-Giles dbr:Book_of_Later_Han dbr:Yuan_Dynasty dbr:Waterwheel dbr:Pi_Ling dbr:Three_Excellencies dbr:Shui_Jing_Zhu dbr:Henei,_Henan dbr:File:Yuan_Dynasty_-_waterwheels_and_smelting.png dbr:File:Song_Dynasty_Hydraulic_Mill_for_Grain.JPG |
| dbp:p | Dù Shī (en) |
| dbp:t | 杜詩 (en) |
| dbp:w | Tu Shih (en) |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | dbt:Authority_control dbt:Cquote dbt:ISBN dbt:Reflist dbt:Short_description dbt:Zh dbt:Family_name_hatnote dbt:Han_dynasty_topics |
| dcterms:subject | dbc:38_deaths dbc:Chinese_inventors dbc:Political_office-holders_in_Henan dbc:Year_of_birth_unknown dbc:Chinese_civil_engineers dbc:Chinese_hydrologists dbc:Chinese_metallurgists dbc:Han_dynasty_politicians_from_Henan dbc:Chinese_mechanical_engineers dbc:Engineers_from_Henan dbc:Politicians_from_Xinxiang dbc:Chemists_from_Henan dbc:Hydraulic_engineers |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Prefect |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing dbo:Person yago:WikicatChineseInventors yago:WikicatChineseMechanicalEngineers yago:WikicatMetallurgists yago:CausalAgent100007347 yago:Creator109614315 yago:Engineer109615807 yago:Inventor110214637 yago:Leader109623038 yago:LivingThing100004258 yago:MechanicalEngineer110304650 yago:Metallurgist110312077 yago:Object100002684 yago:Organism100004475 yago:Person100007846 yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 yago:Politician110450303 yago:WikicatHanDynastyPoliticiansFromHenan yago:WikicatHydraulicEngineers yago:YagoLegalActor yago:YagoLegalActorGeo yago:Whole100003553 yago:WikicatPoliticiansFromXinxiang |
| rdfs:comment | Du Shi (Chinese: 杜詩; pinyin: Dù Shī; Wade–Giles: Tu Shih, d. 38) was a Chinese hydrologist, inventor, mechanical engineer, metallurgist, and politician of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Du Shi is credited with being the first to apply hydraulic power (i.e. a waterwheel) to operate bellows (air-blowing device) in metallurgy. His invention was used to operate piston-bellows of the blast furnace and then cupola furnace in order to forge cast iron, which had been known in China since the 6th century BC. He worked as a censorial officer and administrator of several places during the reign of Emperor Guangwu of Han. He also led a brief military campaign in which he eliminated a small bandit army under Yang Yi (d. 26). (en) Du Shi (Hanzi: 杜詩; Pinyin: Dù Shī; Wade–Giles: Tu Shih, w. 38) adalah seorang insinyur, metalirgis, dan politikus Tiongkok pada zaman dinasti Han Timur. Du Shi dikenal karena menjadi orang pertama yang menerapkan kekuatan hidrolik (seperti roda air) untuk mengoperasikan ubub (alat penghembus udara) dalam metalurgi. (in) Du Shi, en chinois traditionnel : 杜詩 ; pinyin : Dù Shī ; Wade : Tu Shih, (date de naissance inconnue - 38) était un préfet chinois de Nanyang en l'an 31 ainsi qu'un ingénieur en hydraulique du temps des Han orientaux. On attribue à Du Shi la première contribution de l'énergie hydraulique à la métallurgie, par l'utilisation d'une roue à aubes pour actionner les soufflets d'un four. Son invention fut utilisée sur les soufflets à piston des hauts fourneaux et des cubilots, ce qui permit l'obtention de fonte en fusion. (fr) 杜詩（前1世纪？－38年），字君公，河內郡汲縣人，東漢官員及發明家，他與東漢蔡倫、張衡、北宋畢昇被譽為中國古代四大發明家。 杜詩年輕時有才能，在那里任官為功曹，以公平著稱。 更始政權時，被征辟為大司馬府官員。建武元年（25年），一年內三次升遷至侍御史。當時將軍放縱士兵橫行，驚擾百姓。杜詩勸諭蕭廣，蕭廣不知收斂，於是擊殺蕭廣，回京後奏報光武帝。光武帝派他巡視河東，去招降和誅殺反叛的賊人楊異等。杜詩到達大陽，聽說賊人企圖北渡，于是与長史迅速焚毀船只，調集部署郡中士兵，派騎兵突襲賊兵，殺死楊异等人，賊兵因此被消滅。拜授為成皋縣令，任官三年，政績優異。又遷升至沛郡都尉，再轉任汝南都尉。所到之處，皆有政績。 建武七年（31年），升任南陽郡太守。他生活節儉，施政清正平和，以誅除強暴建立威信，擅長計划謀略，節省和愛惜民役。又設計制作水排（水力鼓風機），以水力傳動機械，使皮製的鼓風囊連續開合，將空氣送入冶鐵爐，鑄造農具，用力少而見效多，便利百姓。此外，還修建池塘，開墾土地，使郡中百姓生活豐足。當時人們把他比作召信臣，所以南陽人贊頌他：“先有召父，后有杜母。”杜詩自認沒甚功勞，不應長期任大郡肥缺，請求他遷以讓職位給功臣，於是上疏請辭。光武帝愛其人才，不讓他請辭。 (zh) |
| rdfs:label | Du Shi (en) Du Shi (in) Du Shi (fr) 두시 (후한) (ko) 杜詩 (東漢) (zh) |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:Du Shi yago-res:Du Shi wikidata:Du Shi dbpedia-fr:Du Shi dbpedia-id:Du Shi dbpedia-ko:Du Shi http://mg.dbpedia.org/resource/Du_Shi dbpedia-sh:Du Shi dbpedia-war:Du Shi dbpedia-zh:Du Shi https://global.dbpedia.org/id/4sahi |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Du_Shi?oldid=1093479501&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Song_Dynasty_Hydraulic_Mill_for_Grain.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Yuan_Dynasty_-_waterwheels_and_smelting.png |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Du_Shi |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:Tu_Shih |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Bellows dbr:Book_of_the_Later_Han dbr:Industrialization_of_China dbr:Timeline_of_Chinese_history dbr:Timeline_of_the_Han_dynasty dbr:Zhang_Heng dbr:1st_century dbr:Trip_hammer dbr:List_of_Chinese_inventions dbr:History_of_metallurgy_in_China dbr:History_of_science_and_technology_in_China dbr:Han_Ji dbr:Han_dynasty dbr:Hydraulics dbr:Hydropower dbr:AD_38 dbr:Blast_furnace dbr:Water_wheel dbr:Ferrous_metallurgy dbr:Wang_Zhen_(inventor) dbr:Science_and_technology_of_the_Song_dynasty dbr:Science_and_technology_of_the_Han_dynasty dbr:Tu_Shih |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Du_Shi |
