Second EDSA Revolution (original) (raw)
La locuzione rivoluzione EDSA II indica una serie di manifestazioni pacifiche civili e militari protrattesi dal 17 al 20 gennaio 2001 che rovesciarono il governo del 13º Presidente delle Filippine Joseph Estrada. Quest'ultimo fu succeduto dal Vicepresidente in carica Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, la quale prestò ufficialmente giuramento intorno a mezzogiorno del 20 gennaio, diverse ore prima della fuga di Estrada dal palazzo di Malacañang.
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| dbo:abstract | The Second EDSA Revolution, also known as the Second People Power Revolution, EDSA 2001, and EDSA II (pronounced EDSA Two or EDSA Dos), was a political protest from January 17–20, 2001, that peacefully overthrew the government of Joseph Estrada, the thirteenth president of the Philippines. Estrada resigned and was succeeded by his Vice President, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, who was sworn into office by then-Chief Justice Hilario Davide Jr. at around noon on January 20, 2001, several hours before Estrada fled Malacañang Palace. EDSA is an acronym derived from Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, the major thoroughfare connecting five cities in Metro Manila, namely Pasay, Makati, Mandaluyong, Quezon City, and Caloocan, with the revolution's epicenter at the EDSA Shrine church at the northern tip of Ortigas Center, a business district. (en) La locuzione rivoluzione EDSA II indica una serie di manifestazioni pacifiche civili e militari protrattesi dal 17 al 20 gennaio 2001 che rovesciarono il governo del 13º Presidente delle Filippine Joseph Estrada. Quest'ultimo fu succeduto dal Vicepresidente in carica Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, la quale prestò ufficialmente giuramento intorno a mezzogiorno del 20 gennaio, diverse ore prima della fuga di Estrada dal palazzo di Malacañang. (it) 제2차 에드사 혁명은 조지프 에스트라다의 퇴진을 촉구한 혁명이다. 을 중심으로 시위가 일어났다. 혁명이 성공해 글로리아 마카파갈아로요가 대통령을 승계했다. (ko) De EDSA-revolutie II ook wel Peple Power Revolution II was een massale geweldloze opstand in de Filipijnen van 16 tot en met 20 januari 2001. De opstand maakte een einde aan het bewind van president Joseph Estrada. Vicepresident Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo werd op de laatste dag van de opstand beëdigd tot opvolger van Estrada. De naam van de opstand refereert aan de Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, afgekort EDSA, de belangrijkste locatie van de demonstraties was de rondweg van Metro Manilla en de EDSA-revolutie uit 1986 die een eind maakte aan het bewind van Ferdinand Marcos. (nl) Segunda Revolução do Poder Popular (ou Segunda Revolução EDSA ou EDSA II) foi um protesto político de quatro dias, ocorrido entre 17 de janeiro a 20 de janeiro de 2001, que pacificamente derrubou o governo de Joseph Estrada, o décimo terceiro presidente das Filipinas. Estrada foi sucedido por sua vice-presidente Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, que foi empossada no cargo pelo então presidente da Suprema Corte Hilario Davide, Jr. por volta do meio-dia em 20 de janeiro de 2001, várias horas antes de Estrada fugir do Palácio Malacañang. EDSA é um acrônimo derivado de , a principal via que liga cinco cidades na Grande Manila, ou seja: Pasay, Makati, Mandaluyong, Quezon City e Caloocan. Os defensores descrevem o EDSA II como "popular", mas críticos vêem a revolta como uma conspiração entre as elites políticas e empresariais, o alto escalão militar e o cardeal católico Jaime Sin. A reação internacional à revolta foi mista, com algumas nações estrangeiras, incluindo os Estados Unidos reconhecendo imediatamente a legitimidade da presidência de Arroyo, e analistas estrangeiros descrevendo-a como "uma derrota para o devido processo legal", "governo da multidão" e um "golpe de facto". A única forma de legitimar o evento foi a decisão de último minuto da Suprema Corte no qual "o bem-estar das pessoas era a lei suprema". Mas nessa altura, as Forças Armadas das Filipinas já haviam retirado o apoio ao presidente, o que alguns analistas chamaram de inconstitucional, e a maioria dos analistas políticos estrangeiros concordaram com esta avaliação. William Overholt, um economista político baseado em Hong Kong, afirmou que "ou é o que está sendo chamado governo da multidão ou governo da multidão seria como uma fachada para um golpe bem planejado... mas de qualquer forma, não é democracia". Também deve-se notar que a opinião foi dividida durante o EDSA II sobre se Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo como vice-presidente em exercício deveria ser presidente se Joseph Estrada fosse deposto; muitos grupos que participaram do EDSA II declararam expressamente que não queriam Arroyo para presidente também, e alguns mais tarde iriam participar do EDSA III. A Constituição vigente das Filipinas exige que o Vice-Presidente das Filipinas, Arroyo na época, agisse como presidente interino somente no caso de falecimento, demissão ou incapacitação do presidente, e nenhum dos quais ocorreu durante o EDSA II. (pt) 第二次人民力量革命（Second People Power Revolution）是2001年1月由菲律賓人民、時任天主教馬尼拉總教區總主教辛海梅樞機、時任菲律賓副總統格洛丽亚·马卡帕加尔·阿罗约、菲律賓軍方及內閣成員等拒絕繼續支持被控貪腐的菲律賓總統艾斯特拉達而合力逼迫其於1月20日辭職下臺的革命。由於這次革命與1986年的第一次人民力量革命同樣發生於菲律賓國家首都區桑托斯大道（Epifanio de los Santos Avenue）而被稱為「桑托斯大道革命2」（EDSA Revolution of 2001或EDSA II）。 雖然包括美國在內的外國立即承認雅羅育繼任總統的合法性，部分外國評論將這場革命形容為「正當法律程序遭擊敗」、「暴民統治」、「事實上的政變」。部份示威群眾也表達不希望由副總統艾若育繼任。菲國軍方撤回對總統支持之舉被一些分析者視為不合憲，但菲國最高法院在最後一刻判決「人民福祉是最高法則」以合法化這次事件。 (zh) Друга народна революція, також відома як EDSA II — серія політичних протестів на Філіппінах, кульмінацією яких стало повалення режиму Джозефа Естради і прихід до влади Глорії Арройо. (uk) Вторая народная революция на Филиппинах — цепь событий, произошедших в 2000—2001 годах, венцом которых стало свержение Джозефа Эстрады, обвинённого в разгуле коррупции в стране, с поста президента и приход к власти Глории Арройо. В 1998 году новоизбранный президент Эстрада назначил вице-президента Арройо главой департамента социального развития, где её основным занятием стало наблюдение за выполнением правительственных программ помощи бедным. В 2000 году Арройо покинула этот пост, чтобы дистанцироваться от Эстрады, которого бывшие политические союзники обвинили в коррупции. Арройо открыто поддерживала те слои филиппинского общества, которые требовали отставки президента. 20 января 2001 года Верховный суд лишил Эстраду полномочий президента. Армия и полиция отказали ему в поддержке, и в тот же день Арройо была объявлена 14-м президентом Филиппин. Позднее Эстрада попытался оспорить законность вступления Арройо в должность, но Верховный суд был на стороне Арройо. Международное сообщество также признало её законным президентом Филиппин. (ru) |
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| dbp:causes | Breakdown in negotiations during the impeachment trial of President Joseph Estrada that began in December 2000 (en) |
| dbp:date | 0001-01-17 (xsd:gMonthDay) (en) |
| dbp:goals | Removal of Joseph Estrada as President (en) |
| dbp:howmany | 100000 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:leadfigures | Corazon Aquino (en) Imelda Marcos (en) Joseph Estrada (en) (en) Jinggoy Estrada (en) Fidel Ramos (en) Jaime Cardinal Sin (en) Gloria Macapagal (en) Angelo Reyes (en) Juan Ponce Enrile (en) Panfilo Lacson (en) Eraño Manalo (en) Loi Estrada (en) Miriam D. Santiago (en) |
| dbp:methods | Protests (en) |
| dbp:place | Philippines, primarily Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, Metro Manila (en) |
| dbp:result | *Estrada and his family leaves Malacañang Palace *Resignation and ouster of President Joseph Estrada *Gloria Macapagal Arroyo becomes President (en) |
| dbp:side | Government (en) Opposition (en) Government parties: *Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino *Lapian ng Masang Pilipino Others: *Pro-Estrada civilian supporters Religious groups: *Iglesia ni Cristo Military loyalists: *Presidential Security Group (en) Military defectors: *Armed Forces of the Philippines *Philippine National Police Others: *Anti-Estrada civilian protesters Religious groups: *Archdiocese of Manila *CBCP Militant groups: *Estrada Resign Movement *SANLAKAS *Akbayan Citizens Action Party *Bagong Alyansang Makabayan *Kongreso ng Mamayang Pilipino II Individual groups: *Makati Business Club (en) |
| dbp:title | EDSA II (en) Second EDSA Revolution (en) |
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| gold:hypernym | dbr:Protest |
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| rdfs:comment | La locuzione rivoluzione EDSA II indica una serie di manifestazioni pacifiche civili e militari protrattesi dal 17 al 20 gennaio 2001 che rovesciarono il governo del 13º Presidente delle Filippine Joseph Estrada. Quest'ultimo fu succeduto dal Vicepresidente in carica Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, la quale prestò ufficialmente giuramento intorno a mezzogiorno del 20 gennaio, diverse ore prima della fuga di Estrada dal palazzo di Malacañang. (it) 제2차 에드사 혁명은 조지프 에스트라다의 퇴진을 촉구한 혁명이다. 을 중심으로 시위가 일어났다. 혁명이 성공해 글로리아 마카파갈아로요가 대통령을 승계했다. (ko) De EDSA-revolutie II ook wel Peple Power Revolution II was een massale geweldloze opstand in de Filipijnen van 16 tot en met 20 januari 2001. De opstand maakte een einde aan het bewind van president Joseph Estrada. Vicepresident Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo werd op de laatste dag van de opstand beëdigd tot opvolger van Estrada. De naam van de opstand refereert aan de Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, afgekort EDSA, de belangrijkste locatie van de demonstraties was de rondweg van Metro Manilla en de EDSA-revolutie uit 1986 die een eind maakte aan het bewind van Ferdinand Marcos. (nl) 第二次人民力量革命（Second People Power Revolution）是2001年1月由菲律賓人民、時任天主教馬尼拉總教區總主教辛海梅樞機、時任菲律賓副總統格洛丽亚·马卡帕加尔·阿罗约、菲律賓軍方及內閣成員等拒絕繼續支持被控貪腐的菲律賓總統艾斯特拉達而合力逼迫其於1月20日辭職下臺的革命。由於這次革命與1986年的第一次人民力量革命同樣發生於菲律賓國家首都區桑托斯大道（Epifanio de los Santos Avenue）而被稱為「桑托斯大道革命2」（EDSA Revolution of 2001或EDSA II）。 雖然包括美國在內的外國立即承認雅羅育繼任總統的合法性，部分外國評論將這場革命形容為「正當法律程序遭擊敗」、「暴民統治」、「事實上的政變」。部份示威群眾也表達不希望由副總統艾若育繼任。菲國軍方撤回對總統支持之舉被一些分析者視為不合憲，但菲國最高法院在最後一刻判決「人民福祉是最高法則」以合法化這次事件。 (zh) Друга народна революція, також відома як EDSA II — серія політичних протестів на Філіппінах, кульмінацією яких стало повалення режиму Джозефа Естради і прихід до влади Глорії Арройо. (uk) The Second EDSA Revolution, also known as the Second People Power Revolution, EDSA 2001, and EDSA II (pronounced EDSA Two or EDSA Dos), was a political protest from January 17–20, 2001, that peacefully overthrew the government of Joseph Estrada, the thirteenth president of the Philippines. Estrada resigned and was succeeded by his Vice President, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, who was sworn into office by then-Chief Justice Hilario Davide Jr. at around noon on January 20, 2001, several hours before Estrada fled Malacañang Palace. EDSA is an acronym derived from Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, the major thoroughfare connecting five cities in Metro Manila, namely Pasay, Makati, Mandaluyong, Quezon City, and Caloocan, with the revolution's epicenter at the EDSA Shrine church at the northern tip of O (en) Segunda Revolução do Poder Popular (ou Segunda Revolução EDSA ou EDSA II) foi um protesto político de quatro dias, ocorrido entre 17 de janeiro a 20 de janeiro de 2001, que pacificamente derrubou o governo de Joseph Estrada, o décimo terceiro presidente das Filipinas. Estrada foi sucedido por sua vice-presidente Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, que foi empossada no cargo pelo então presidente da Suprema Corte Hilario Davide, Jr. por volta do meio-dia em 20 de janeiro de 2001, várias horas antes de Estrada fugir do Palácio Malacañang. (pt) Вторая народная революция на Филиппинах — цепь событий, произошедших в 2000—2001 годах, венцом которых стало свержение Джозефа Эстрады, обвинённого в разгуле коррупции в стране, с поста президента и приход к власти Глории Арройо. 20 января 2001 года Верховный суд лишил Эстраду полномочий президента. Армия и полиция отказали ему в поддержке, и в тот же день Арройо была объявлена 14-м президентом Филиппин. Позднее Эстрада попытался оспорить законность вступления Арройо в должность, но Верховный суд был на стороне Арройо. Международное сообщество также признало её законным президентом Филиппин. (ru) |
| rdfs:label | Rivoluzione EDSA II (it) 제2차 에드사 혁명 (ko) EDSA-revolutie II (nl) Second EDSA Revolution (en) Segunda Revolução do Poder Popular (pt) Вторая народная революция на Филиппинах (ru) Друга народна революція на Філіппінах (uk) 人民力量革命 (2001年) (zh) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:EDSA_III |
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| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Second_EDSA_Revolution?oldid=1124614589&ns=0 |
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| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Second_EDSA_Revolution |
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