Engelandvaarder (original) (raw)
Engelandvaarder, (literally translated as "England sailer") was the term given during the Second World War to men and women who attempted to escape from the Netherlands across over 100 miles of the North Sea to reach England and freedom. Only about one in ten were successful in the crossing, with most just disappearing in the sea. Once they reached England many joined the Allied forces to help free their country from Nazi Germany. The period covered is between the capitulation of the Dutch armed forces on 15 May 1940 and the Allied invasion of Normandy on 6 June 1944 (D-Day).
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| dbo:abstract | Engelandvaarder, (literally translated as "England sailer") was the term given during the Second World War to men and women who attempted to escape from the Netherlands across over 100 miles of the North Sea to reach England and freedom. Only about one in ten were successful in the crossing, with most just disappearing in the sea. Once they reached England many joined the Allied forces to help free their country from Nazi Germany. The period covered is between the capitulation of the Dutch armed forces on 15 May 1940 and the Allied invasion of Normandy on 6 June 1944 (D-Day). In July 1940 three Dutchmen escaped from the occupied Netherlands and crossed the North Sea to England in a twelve-foot boat. They were called "Engelandvaarders". This first success encouraged many others to try the crossing. Most of these disappeared and were never heard from again. With time, land routes out of the Netherlands developed, and a number of the Dutch reached England by traveling overland from safe house to safe house to reach southern France, Spain, Portugal, Switzerland or Sweden and from the neutral country transited to England. A large number of men and women, however, were killed or arrested on their way to England. Many died at sea. Some were captured by the Germans. Of these, some were shot, but most were deported to concentration camps. Some escaped from detention, such as Bram van der Stok, the most successful Dutch fighter pilot in World War II, who escaped with Bodo Sandberg and four other Engelandvaarders from the prisoner of war camp Stalag Luft III, in a car stolen from the camp commander. Many others were taken to death camps, of whom only a few returned to the Netherlands after the liberation. Upon arriving in England these Engelandvaarders were interrogated by British secret service to be sure Nazi Germany had not slipped a secret agent among their number. This was done in London at the "London Reception Centre" in the building over a period of four years. Once they cleared the interview process they all had a meeting with Queen Wilhelmina, who viewed them as her window back to her homeland. A number of the Engelandvaarders were awarded the Dutch Bronze Cross (BK) or the Cross of Merit (KV). Over 1,700 Dutch men and women overcame many difficulties to reach England. Of these 332 joined the Royal Army, 118 the Royal Air Force, 397 the Royal Navy, 176 the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army (KNIL) and 164 the merchant navy. 129 served with the Dutch government-in-exile in London. 111 became secret agents and returned to occupied Netherlands. (en) Engelandvaarder is in Nederland de erenaam voor alle mannen en vrouwen die tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog (1939-1945), na de capitulatie van de Nederlandse strijdkrachten op 15 mei 1940 en vóór de geallieerde invasie in Normandië op 6 juni 1944 (D-Day), uit bezet gebied wisten te ontsnappen met de bedoeling zich in Engeland of ander geallieerd gebied bij de geallieerde strijdkrachten aan te sluiten om actief aan de strijd tegen de vijand (Duitsland, Italië, Japan) deel te nemen. In juli 1940 ontsnapten drie Nederlanders vanuit bezet Nederland en staken met een twaalfvoetsjol de Noordzee over naar Engeland. Zij werden Engelandvaarders genoemd. Na hen zagen nog meer Nederlanders kans Engeland te bereiken, niet alleen rechtstreeks varend of door de lucht, maar ook over land, via neutrale landen als Zwitserland, Portugal, Spanje en Zweden. Ruim 1700 Nederlandse mannen en vrouwen zijn, na veel moeilijkheden te hebben overwonnen, in Engeland of ander geallieerd gebied aangekomen. Van hen kwamen 332 bij de landmacht, 118 bij de luchtmacht, 397 bij de marine, 176 bij het KNIL, 164 bij de koopvaardij, 111 werden geheim agent en 129 kwamen bij de overheid in Londen. Een groot aantal mannen en vrouwen is echter op weg naar Engeland omgekomen of werd gearresteerd. Enkelen werden gefusilleerd, de meesten werden naar een concentratiekamp afgevoerd. Sommigen slaagden erin daaruit te ontsnappen. Bram van der Stok, de succesvolste Nederlandse gevechtspiloot uit de Tweede Wereldoorlog, ontsnapte samen met Bodo Sandberg en vier andere Engelandvaarders uit het krijgsgevangenenkamp Stalag Luft III. Ze wisten de auto van de kampcommandant te stelen. Veel anderen vonden in een kamp de dood, slechts enkelen keerden na de bevrijding terug naar Nederland. (nl) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Van_Hamel_en_Van_Daalen_Wetters.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://www.klimnaardevrijheid.nl/ http://www.museumengelandvaarders.nl/museum-engelandvaarders-english/ https://www.wikimanche.fr/Reginald%20Overwijn http://www.soldaatvanoranje.nl https://web.archive.org/web/20131204155209/http:/www.holywellhousepublishing.co.uk/Engelandvaarders.html |
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| rdfs:comment | Engelandvaarder, (literally translated as "England sailer") was the term given during the Second World War to men and women who attempted to escape from the Netherlands across over 100 miles of the North Sea to reach England and freedom. Only about one in ten were successful in the crossing, with most just disappearing in the sea. Once they reached England many joined the Allied forces to help free their country from Nazi Germany. The period covered is between the capitulation of the Dutch armed forces on 15 May 1940 and the Allied invasion of Normandy on 6 June 1944 (D-Day). (en) Engelandvaarder is in Nederland de erenaam voor alle mannen en vrouwen die tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog (1939-1945), na de capitulatie van de Nederlandse strijdkrachten op 15 mei 1940 en vóór de geallieerde invasie in Normandië op 6 juni 1944 (D-Day), uit bezet gebied wisten te ontsnappen met de bedoeling zich in Engeland of ander geallieerd gebied bij de geallieerde strijdkrachten aan te sluiten om actief aan de strijd tegen de vijand (Duitsland, Italië, Japan) deel te nemen. (nl) |
| rdfs:label | Engelandvaarder (en) Engelandvaarder (nl) |
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